District Segregation, Race Legislation, and Black Enrollment in Charter Schools

This article examines how segregation at the school level within districts and charter school legislation predict black enrollment levels at local charter schools. Copyright (c) 2006 Southwestern Social Science Association.

Integration or Infiltration: Parents, Children, and Technology Use in Educational Settings

In the 1990s and early 2000s, many people complained about “helicopter parents.” Since then, new technologies have made it possible for parents to monitor their children’s experiences even more closely. Whether their children are in grade school, high school, college, graduate school, or the workplace, parents can use phone calls, text messages, email, apps, websites, and even location tracking to follow and assist their children as they see fit. In this session, spouses and sociologists Linda Renzulli and Jeremy Reynolds debate whether such technology encourages harmful surveillance or helpful support

Family Matters: Gender, Networks, and Entrepreneurial Outcomes

In this paper, we explore several factors that may have an effect on business startups, focusing on possible gender differences. We conceptualize social capital as inhering in people's relations with others and examine the association between men's and women's social capital and their likelihood of starting a business. Two aspects of respondents' social capital are highlighted: the extent to which their business discussion networks are heterogeneous and contain a high proportion of kin. We show that high proportion kin composition and network homogeneity, rather than high proportion female or being female, are critical disadvantages facing potential small business owners. Family Matters 04/18/00 3 Introduction Historically, men have enjoyed several advantages over women with respect to their life chances. For example, men have had, on average, higher occupational status, a higher rate of self-employment, and higher incomes than women (Reskin 1993). Female dominated occupations have..

Civil Society Goes to School: Parent-Teacher Associations and the Equality of Educational Opportunity

Where do parent-teacher associations (PTAs) and other similar school-linked nonprofits form? What role do PTAs play in distributing educational opportunities between and within public schools? In this paper, we link IRS data describing nonprofit organizations associated with North Carolina public schools to school- and student-level administrative data in order to answer these questions. Our analyses suggest PTAs form in a wide variety of school contexts, but high-revenue PTAs form primarily in affluent, predominantly white schools. Students in schools with active PTAs enjoy relatively strong achievement growth compared to their peers in schools without active PTAs. However, our analyses suggest that in reading, the benefits associated with PTAs flow disproportionately to nonpoor students

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Central Sensitization in Women with Endometriosis

Study objective: To assess prevalence of central sensitization (CS) and its association with demographic and clinical factors in patients with endometriosis. Design: Single-center, observational, cross-sectional study. Setting: Tertiary center. Patients: Consecutive patients with endometriosis referred to the center from January 15, 2022, to April 30, 2022. Interventions: For each enrolled patient, demographic and clinical data were collected, and the presence of CS was measured using the CS Inventory questionnaire (score ≥40). Measurements and main results: Primary study outcome was CS prevalence, and secondary study outcomes were the associations between demographic and clinical factors and CS. The 95% confidence intervals for CS prevalence were obtained with Bayesian-derived Jeffreys method, and the associations between CS and demographic and clinical factors were evaluated with the chi-square test and Fisher's exact test, where appropriate. The variables significantly associated with CS were then included in a multivariable logistic regression model. The significance level was set at .05 for all analyses. During the study period, 285 eligible women were enrolled. CS prevalence was 41.4% (95% confidence interval, 35.8-47.2). At univariable analysis, infertility, moderate to severe pain symptoms (except for dyschezia), altered bowel movements, posterolateral parametrium involvement, hormonal therapy failure (HTF), and most of central sensitivity syndromes were significantly associated with CS occurrence. Multivariable analysis only confirmed the significant association of CS with moderate to severe chronic pelvic pain, posterolateral parametrium involvement, HTF, migraine or tension-type headache, irritable bowel syndrome, and anxiety or panic attacks. Conclusion: CS has a high prevalence in patients with endometriosis, especially in those with moderate to severe chronic pelvic pain, posterolateral parametrium involvement, HTF, and 3 central sensitivity syndromes (i.e. migraine or tension-type headache, irritable bowel syndrome, anxiety or panic attacks). Given the association with HTF, identifying CS through CS Inventory might be useful to counsel the patient and to choose multimodal treatment