226 research outputs found
Composition, Biomass, and Protein Content of a Lemna trisulca L., Invertebrate Community in a Prairie Wetland
Get PDFSamples of star duckweed (Lemna trisulca L.) were collected from a South Dakota prairie wetland during the summer 1981. Amphipods and gastropods were the dominant macroinvertebrates found within samples of duckweed in terms of biomass and density. Cladocera were the dominant microinvertebrates found in association with star duckweed. Significant variability was found in the biomass and densities of specific invertebrates with respect to sampling dates. Crude protein values of star duckweed-invertebrate community samples ranged from 7.6 to 18.5% and were found to correlate significantly with protein levels of the duckweed. Crude protein values for star duckweed ranged from 7.1 to 17.0%. Highest protein values were detected during the early part of the sampling period. Protein values for amphipods, gastropods, and Odonata were found to be substantially higher than that of duckweed. Significant associations were found between the biomass and protein content of duckweed and the biomass and densities of specific invertebrates. Amphipoda, Pleidae, Cladocera, Copepoda, Ostracoda, and Hydrazoa were among the invertebrates found associated with star duckweed
Collective moral disengagement and its associations with bullying perpetration and victimization in students
Get PDFThe aim of the current study was to examine whether collective moral disengagement in the classroom was associated with bullying perpetration and victimisation. One-thousand-and-fifty-four students..
Economic burden and comorbidities of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder among pediatric patients hospitalized in the United States
Get PDF<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This retrospective database analysis used data from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to examine common primary diagnoses among children and adolescents hospitalized with a secondary diagnosis of attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and assessed the burden of ADHD.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Hospitalized children (aged 6-11 years) and adolescents (aged 12-17 years) with a secondary diagnosis of ADHD were identified. The 10 most common primary diagnoses (using the first 3 digits of the ICD-9-CM code) were reported for each age group. Patients with 1 of these conditions were selected to analyze demographics, length of stay (LOS), and costs. Control patients were selected if they had 1 of the 10 primary diagnoses and no secondary ADHD diagnosis. Patient and hospital characteristics were reported by cohort (i.e., patients with ADHD vs. controls), and LOS and costs were reported by primary diagnosis. Multivariable linear regression analyses were undertaken to adjust LOS and costs based on patient and hospital characteristics.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 126,056 children and 204,176 adolescents were identified as having a secondary diagnosis of ADHD. Among children and adolescents with ADHD, the most common diagnoses tended to be mental health related (i.e., affective psychoses, emotional disturbances, conduct disturbances, depressive disorder, or adjustment reaction). Other common diagnoses included general symptoms, asthma (in children only), and acute appendicitis. Among patients with ADHD, a higher percentage were male, white, and covered by Medicaid. LOS and costs were higher among children with ADHD and a primary diagnosis of affective psychoses (by 0.61 days and 940), or depressive disorder (by 0.41 days and 352), depressive disorder (by 0.94 days and 1,330), emotional disturbances (by 1.45 days and 702), and neurotic disorders (by 1.60 days and $541) versus controls.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Clinicians and health care decision makers should be aware of the potential impact of ADHD on hospitalized children and adolescents.</p
Optimization of percutaneous biopsy for diagnosis and pretreatment risk assessment of neuroblastoma
Get PDFBackgroundImage- guided percutaneous core needle biopsy (PCNB) is increasingly utilized to diagnose solid tumors. The objective of this study is to determine whether PCNB is adequate for modern biologic characterization of neuroblastoma.ProcedureA multi- institutional retrospective study was performed by the Pediatric Surgical Oncology Research Collaborative on children with neuroblastoma at 12 institutions over a 3- year period. Data collected included demographics, clinical details, biopsy technique, complications, and adequacy of biopsies for cytogenetic markers utilized by the Children’s Oncology Group for risk stratification.ResultsA total of 243 children were identified with a diagnosis of neuroblastoma: 79 (32.5%) tumor excision at diagnosis, 94 (38.7%) open incisional biopsy (IB), and 70 (28.8%) PCNB. Compared to IB, there was no significant difference in ability to accurately obtain a primary diagnosis by PCNB (95.7%Â vs 98.9%, PÂ =Â .314) or determine MYCN copy number (92.4%Â vs 97.8%, PÂ =Â .111). The yield for loss of heterozygosity and tumor ploidy was lower with PCNB versus IB (56.1%Â vs 90.9%, PÂ <Â .05; and 58.0%Â vs. 88.5%, PÂ <Â .05). Complications did not differ between groups (2.9 % vs 3.3%, PÂ =Â 1.000), though the PCNB group had fewer blood transfusions and lower opioid usage. Efficacy of PCNB was improved for loss of heterozygosity when a pediatric pathologist evaluated the fresh specimen for adequacy.ConclusionsPCNB is a less invasive alternative to open biopsy for primary diagnosis and MYCN oncogene status in patients with neuroblastoma. Our data suggest that PCNB could be optimized for complete genetic analysis by standardized protocols and real- time pathology assessment of specimen quality.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154667/1/pbc28153_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154667/2/pbc28153.pd
- …
