Model Seleksi Premi Asuransi Jiwa Dwiguna untuk Kasus Multiple Decrement

This article discusses a select survival model for the case of multiple decrements in evaluating endowment life insurance premium for person currently aged ( + ) years, who is selected at age with ℎ years selection period. The case of multiple decrements in this case is limited to two cases. The calculation of the annual premium is done by prior evaluating of the single premium, and the present value of annuity depends on theconstant force assumption

Preparation and Structure of Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Polyacrylate Elastomer Composite Hydrogels and Their Application in Wastewater Treatment by Immobilizing with Microorganisms

Poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/powdered ethyl acrylate rubber (ACM) composite hydrogels were prepared through in situ chemical cross-linking. The addition of ACM could accelerate the cross-linking reaction of PVA, and increase pore nucleus, resulting in a decrease of pore size and formation of a homogeneous and compact porous network structure. Under proper content of ACM, the shear elastic modulus (<i>G</i>′) and network density (ν_e) of the composite hydrogels can be improved, leading to an enhancement of the mechanical property and hydraulic shock resistance. The PVA/1.5 wt % ACM hydrogel presented the best long-term hydraulic stability, and the toughening mechanism was studied. The values of oxygen uptake rate and chemical oxygen demand removal rate of PVA/ACM composite hydrogels embedded with microorganism fluctuated with the addition of ACM, and a high microorganism activity can be retained

Simulation of <i>E. coli</i> Gene Regulation including Overlapping Cell Cycles, Growth, Division, Time Delays and Noise

<div><p>Due to the complexity of biological systems, simulation of biological networks is necessary but sometimes complicated. The classic stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA) by Gillespie and its modified versions are widely used to simulate the stochastic dynamics of biochemical reaction systems. However, it has remained a challenge to implement accurate and efficient simulation algorithms for general reaction schemes in growing cells. Here, we present a modeling and simulation tool, called ‘<i>GeneCircuits</i>’, which is specifically developed to simulate gene-regulation in exponentially growing bacterial cells (such as <i>E. coli</i>) with overlapping cell cycles. Our tool integrates three specific features of these cells that are not generally included in SSA tools: 1) the time delay between the regulation and synthesis of proteins that is due to transcription and translation processes; 2) cell cycle-dependent periodic changes of gene dosage; and 3) variations in the propensities of chemical reactions that have time-dependent reaction rates as a consequence of volume expansion and cell division. We give three biologically relevant examples to illustrate the use of our simulation tool in quantitative studies of systems biology and synthetic biology.</p></div

Means and SDs on emotional vocabulary and situation-facial expression matching of the three groups.

<p>Means and SDs on emotional vocabulary and situation-facial expression matching of the three groups.</p

Microbial Structures, Functions, and Metabolic Pathways in Wastewater Treatment Bioreactors Revealed Using High-Throughput Sequencing

The objective of this study was to explore microbial community structures, functional profiles, and metabolic pathways in a lab-scale and a full-scale wastewater treatment bioreactors. In order to do this, over 12 gigabases of metagenomic sequence data and 600,000 paired-end sequences of bacterial 16S rRNA gene were generated with the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform, using DNA extracted from activated sludge in the two bioreactors. Three kinds of sequences (16S rRNA gene amplicons, 16S rRNA gene sequences obtained from metagenomic sequencing, and predicted proteins) were used to conduct taxonomic assignments. Specially, relative abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) were analyzed. Compared with quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), metagenomic sequencing was demonstrated to be a better approach to quantify AOA and AOB in activated sludge samples. It was found that AOB were more abundant than AOA in both reactors. Furthermore, the analysis of the metabolic profiles indicated that the overall patterns of metabolic pathways in the two reactors were quite similar (73.3% of functions shared). However, for some pathways (such as carbohydrate metabolism and membrane transport), the two reactors differed in the number of pathway-specific genes

Repeated measures ANOVA for emotional vocabulary and situation-facial expression matching.

<p>Repeated measures ANOVA for emotional vocabulary and situation-facial expression matching.</p