9,316 research outputs found
Design of Ultra-compact Graphene-based Superscatterers
The energy-momentum dispersion relation is a fundamental property of
plasmonic systems. In this paper, we show that the method of dispersion
engineering can be used for the design of ultra-compact graphene-based
superscatterers. Based on the Bohr model, the dispersion relation of the
equivalent planar waveguide is engineered to enhance the scattering cross
section of a dielectric cylinder. Bohr conditions with different orders are
fulfilled in multiple dispersion curves at the same resonant frequency. Thus
the resonance peaks from the first and second order scattering terms are
overlapped in the deepsubwavelength scale by delicately tuning the gap
thickness between two graphene layers. Using this ultra-compact graphene-based
superscatterer, the scattering cross section of the dielectric cylinder can be
enhanced by five orders of magnitude.Comment: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Journal of Selected topics in
Quantum Electronic
19.2% Efficient InP Heterojunction Solar Cell with Electron-Selective TiO2 Contact.
We demonstrate an InP heterojunction solar cell employing an ultrathin layer (∼10 nm) of amorphous TiO2 deposited at 120 °C by atomic layer deposition as the transparent electron-selective contact. The TiO2 film selectively extracts minority electrons from the conduction band of p-type InP while blocking the majority holes due to the large valence band offset, enabling a high maximum open-circuit voltage of 785 mV. A hydrogen plasma treatment of the InP surface drastically improves the long-wavelength response of the device, resulting in a high short-circuit current density of 30.5 mA/cm2 and a high power conversion efficiency of 19.2%
LLM-FuncMapper: Function Identification for Interpreting Complex Clauses in Building Codes via LLM
As a vital stage of automated rule checking (ARC), rule interpretation of
regulatory texts requires considerable effort. However, interpreting regulatory
clauses with implicit properties or complex computational logic is still
challenging due to the lack of domain knowledge and limited expressibility of
conventional logic representations. Thus, LLM-FuncMapper, an approach to
identifying predefined functions needed to interpret various regulatory clauses
based on the large language model (LLM), is proposed. First, by systematically
analysis of building codes, a series of atomic functions are defined to capture
shared computational logics of implicit properties and complex constraints,
creating a database of common blocks for interpreting regulatory clauses. Then,
a prompt template with the chain of thought is developed and further enhanced
with a classification-based tuning strategy, to enable common LLMs for
effective function identification. Finally, the proposed approach is validated
with statistical analysis, experiments, and proof of concept. Statistical
analysis reveals a long-tail distribution and high expressibility of the
developed function database, with which almost 100% of computer-processible
clauses can be interpreted and represented as computer-executable codes.
Experiments show that LLM-FuncMapper achieve promising results in identifying
relevant predefined functions for rule interpretation. Further proof of concept
in automated rule interpretation also demonstrates the possibility of
LLM-FuncMapper in interpreting complex regulatory clauses. To the best of our
knowledge, this study is the first attempt to introduce LLM for understanding
and interpreting complex regulatory clauses, which may shed light on further
adoption of LLM in the construction domain
Expressions of ECE-CYC2 clade genes relating to abortion of both dorsal and ventral stamens in Opithandra (Gesneriaceae)
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>ECE-CYC2 clade genes known in patterning floral dorsoventral asymmetry (zygomorphy) in <it>Antirrhinum majus </it>are conserved in the dorsal identity function including arresting the dorsal stamen. However, it remains uncertain whether the same mechanism underlies abortion of the ventral stamens, an important morphological trait related to evolution and diversification of zygomorphy in Lamiales <it>sensu lato</it>, a major clade of predominantly zygomorphically flowered angiosperms. <it>Opithandra </it>(Gesneriaceae) is of particular interests in addressing this question as it is in the base of Lamiales <it>s.l</it>., an early representative of this type zygomorphy.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We investigated the expression patterns of four ECE-CYC2 clade genes and two putative target <it>cyclinD3 </it>genes in <it>Opithandra </it>using RNA <it>in situ </it>hybridization and RT-PCR. <it>OpdCYC </it>gene expressions were correlated with abortion of both dorsal and ventral stamens in <it>Opithandra</it>, strengthened by the negatively correlated expression of their putative target <it>OpdcyclinD3 </it>genes. The complement of <it>OpdcyclinD3 </it>to <it>OpdCYC </it>expressions further indicated that <it>OpdCYC </it>expressions were related to the dorsal and ventral stamen abortion through negative effects on <it>OpdcyclinD3 </it>genes.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These results suggest that ECE-CYC2 clade TCP genes are not only functionally conserved in the dorsal stamen repression, but also involved in arresting ventral stamens, a genetic mechanism underlying the establishment of zygomorphy with abortion of both the dorsal and ventral stamens evolved in angiosperms, especially within Lamiales <it>s.l</it>.</p
Research on sound radiation characteristics of the high-speed train wheel
Taking the standard wheel model as an example, the radiation noise of a single wheel under excitation force which is computed by multi-body dynamics model is computed by acoustic boundary element method (BEM). Then, the damped wheel is proposed, and the sound radiation characteristics of both wheels are analyzed and compared. The results show that sound field of a single wheel presents an obvious directivity with petaloid change and continuous decrease, and the wheel tread and web contribute the most rolling noise. Compared with the standard wheel, the acoustic radiation power of the damped wheel decreased significantly, especially at the peak frequency. After that, the radiation noise generated by the wheel in the train is researched. The results show that the radiation noise generated by the wheel in the train is a complex sound field after the superposition and interference of multiple wheel noises, which are mainly in the bogies at both ends and its vicinity region. Meanwhile, the basic directivity characteristics of the petaloid change and continuous reduction are remained. The radiation noise which is generated by the wheel in the train has obvious peak characteristic, whose corresponding peak noises are below 110Â dB. The radiation noise of the damped wheel is significantly smaller than that of the standard wheel at most frequency bands, and the total SPL at the observation point has decreased by 14.5Â dB with obvious noise reduction effect. In order to further research the radiation noise of the damping wheel, influence factors on the noise reduction are analyzed. Finally, these parameters such as thickness and material should be considered comprehensively during designing the damping wheel, in order to find the optimal combination of all parameters
Experimental Decoy Quantum Key Distribution Up To 130KM Fiber
Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), being capable of beating PNS
attack and uncon- ditionally secure, have become an attractive one recently.
But, in many QKD systems, disturbances of transmission channel make quantum bit
error rate (QBER) increase which limits both security distance and key bit rate
of real-life decoy state QKD systems. We demonstrate the two-intensity decoy
QKD with one-way Faraday-Michelson phase modulation system, which is free of
channel dis- turbance and keeps interference fringe visibility (99%) long
period, near 130KM single mode optical fiber in telecom (1550 nm) wavelength.
This is longest distance fiber decoy state QKD system based on two intensity
protocol.Comment: 4 pages, 2figure
Referring Camouflaged Object Detection
In this paper, we consider the problem of referring camouflaged object
detection (Ref-COD), a new task that aims to segment specified camouflaged
objects based on some form of reference, e.g., image, text. We first assemble a
large-scale dataset, called R2C7K, which consists of 7K images covering 64
object categories in real-world scenarios. Then, we develop a simple but strong
dual-branch framework, dubbed R2CNet, with a reference branch learning common
representations from the referring information and a segmentation branch
identifying and segmenting camouflaged objects under the guidance of the common
representations. In particular, we design a Referring Mask Generation module to
generate pixel-level prior mask and a Referring Feature Enrichment module to
enhance the capability of identifying camouflaged objects. Extensive
experiments show the superiority of our Ref-COD methods over their COD
counterparts in segmenting specified camouflaged objects and identifying the
main body of target objects. Our code and dataset are publicly available at
https://github.com/zhangxuying1004/RefCOD
- …