Antioxidant tannins from Syzygium cumini fruit

Hydrolysable and condensed tannins in the fruit of Syzygium cumini were identified using NMR, MALDITOF MS and HPLC analyses. Hydrolysable tannins were identified as ellagitannins, consisting of a glucose core surrounded by gallic acid and ellagic acid units. Condensed tannins were identified as Btype oligomers of epiafzelechin (propelargonidin) with a degree of polymerization up to eleven. The antioxidant activity were measured by two vitro models: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP). Tannins extracted from S. cumini fruit showed a very good DPPH radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power. Theresults are promising thus indicating the utilization of the fruit of S. cumini as a significant source of natural antioxidants

Rice protein radicals: growth and stability under microwave treatment

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The Role of Dairy Products and Milk in Adolescent Obesity: Evidence from Hong Kong's "Children of 1997" Birth Cohort

Background: Observational studies, mainly from Western populations, suggest dairy consumption is inversely associated with adiposity. However, in these populations the intake range is limited and both diet and obesity may share social patterning. Evidence from non-Western developed settings with different social patterning, is valuable in distinguishing whether observed associations are biologically mediated or socially confounded. Objective: To examine the associations of milk or other dairy product consumption with adolescent obesity. Methods: We used multivariable linear regression models to examine the associations of milk or other dairy product consumption, obtained from a food frequency questionnaire, at 11 years with body mass index (BMI) z-scores at 13 years and waist hip ratio (WHR) at 11 years, in 5,968 adolescents from a Chinese birth cohort, comprising 88% of births in April and May 1997. We used multiple imputation for missing exposures and confounders. Results: Only 65.7% regularly consumed milk and 72.4% other dairy products. Milk and other dairy product consumption was positively associated with socio-economic position but not with BMI z-score or WHR, with or without adjustment for sex, mother's birthplace, parental education, physical activity and other food consumption. Conclusions: The lack of association of milk and other dairy product consumption with adiposity in a non-Western setting was not consistent with the majority of evidence from Western settings. Observed anti-obesigenic effects in Western settings may be due to socially patterned confounding. © 2012 Lin et al.published_or_final_versio

Minimal set of generators of controllability space for singular linear dynamical systems

Due to the significant role played by singular systems in the form E ¿ x ( t ) = Ax ( t ) , on mathematical modeling of science and engineering problems; in the last years recent years its interest in the descriptive analysis of its structural and dynamic properties. However, much less effort has been devoted to studying the exact con- trollability by measuring the minimum set of controls needed to direct the entire system E ¿ x ( t ) = Ax ( t ) to any desired state. In this work, we focus the study on obtaining the set of all matrices B with a minimal number of columns, by making the singular system E ¿ x ( t ) = Ax ( t ) + Bu ( t ) controllable.Postprint (author's final draft

Human papillomavirus status in southern Chinese women

1. The overall and type-specific human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence differed between Hong Kong and Guangzhou healthy women. The prevalence of HPV was significantly higher in Guangzhou than Hong Kong women. Younger women had significantly higher risk of HPV infection. 2. HPV16 remained the most common type detected in both regions; the frequency increased with increasing disease severity. The prevalence of HPV58 and HPV52 was relatively high in women with normal cervix and precancerous lesions.published_or_final_versio

Retrospective Investigation and Research on Fall Events Among Hospitalized Patients in the Rehabilitation Department

Fang-Fang Lin,1 Wei-Yuan Yang,1 Jun-Xiang Zhou,1 Luo-Yuan Cao,2 Ling-Ling Huang1 1Department of Rehabilitation, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Central Laboratory, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, 352000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jun-Xiang Zhou; Wei-Yuan Yang, Department of Rehabilitation, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, No. 7 of Jiaocheng North Road, Jiaocheng District, Ningde, 352000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15159370026 ; +86-13004929861, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: We investigated the clinical characteristics, fall outcomes, and related factors of falls in patients who were hospitalized in the rehabilitation department, and explored strategies to reduce the incidence of falls and prevent falls in patients.Methods: Data from 60 patients who fell in the rehabilitation department between 2016 and 2021 were analyzed for clinical characteristics, associated factors, incidence of falls, injuries, and patient demographics. Under the random stratified sampling method, 60 patients who did not fall during the same period were selected as the control group, and relevant data was collected. Measurement data were compared using an independent sample t-test. Enumeration data were compared using chi-squared (χ2) test was employed to compare these data between the two groups. Non-parametric data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test. Factors potentially influencing falls were scrutinized through both univariate and binary logistic regression analyses.Results: The median annual incidence of falls among patients who were hospitalized in the rehabilitation department was 0.04%, while the overall fall injury rate was 60%. Falls were most prevalent within 30 days of hospitalization (71.67%). The most common fall-related condition was craniocerebral disease (83.33%). The incidents of falls location of fall were mainly reported in nearby areas of rehabilitation ward (70%). Most accidents occurred between 7:00 a.m.– 12:00 p.m. and 3:01 p.m.– 6:00 p.m. (63.33%), and dyskinesia was the most common cause of falls (71.67%). There were 39 patients (65.00%) with Barthel Index (BI) scores ranging between 40– 60.Conclusion: Patients in the rehabilitation department had a greater incidence of falls and fall injuries. Within 30 days of admission, patients with moderately dependent craniocerebral disorders and dyskinesia frequently experienced falls during typical daytime shifts in areas characterized by endemic conditions.Keywords: daily living activities, dyskinesia, fall, hospitalized patients, rehabilitation department, retrospective analysi

Health service utilization in IBD: comparison of self-report and administrative data

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The reliability of self-report regarding health care utilization in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unknown. If proven reliable, it could help justify self-report as a means of determining health care utilization and associated costs.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The Manitoba IBD Cohort Study is a population-based longitudinal study of participants diagnosed within 7 years of enrollment. Health care utilization was assessed through standardized interview. Participants (n = 352) reported the total number of nights hospitalized, frequency of physician contacts in the prior 12 months and whether the medical contacts were for IBD-related reasons or not. Reports of recent antibiotic use were also recorded. Actual utilization was drawn from the administrative database of Manitoba Health, the single comprehensive provincial health insurer.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>According to the administrative data, 15% of respondents had an overnight hospitalization, while 10% had an IBD-related hospitalization. Self-report concordance was highly sensitive (92%; 82%) and specific (96%; 97%, respectively). 97% of participants had contact with a physician in the previous year, and 69% had IBD-related visits. Physician visits were significantly under-reported and there was a trend to over-report the number of nights in hospital.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Self-report data can be helpful in evaluating health service utilization, provided that the researcher is aware of the systematic sources of bias. Outpatient visits are well identified by self-report. The discordance for the type of outpatient visit may be either a weakness of self-report or a flaw in diagnosis coding of the administrative data. If administrative data are not available, self-report information may be a cost-effective alternative, particularly for hospitalizations.</p

Energy levels and far-infrared spectroscopy for two electrons in a semiconductor nanoring

The effects of electron-electron interaction of a two-electron nanoring on the energy levels and far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopy have been investigated based on a model calculation which is performed within the exactly numerical diagonalization. It is found that the interaction changes the energy spectra dramatically, and also shows significant influence on the FIR spectroscopy. The crossings between the lowest spin-singlet and triplet states induced by the coulomb interaction are clearly revealed. Our results are related to the experiment recently carried out by A. Lorke et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2223 (2000)].Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures, revised and accepted by Phys. Rev. B (Dec. 15

Development of Parkinsonism following exposure to aripiprazole: two case reports

which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction: Aripiprazole is a novel atypical neuroleptic used in the treatment of psychosis. A few recent studies have demonstrated an association between the use of aripiprazole and an exacerbation of Parkinsonism, although this relationship is poorly defined. To our knowledge, this is the first case series describing an onset of Parkinsonism in patients without prior history of Parkinson’s diseas