11,768 research outputs found
Quantification of propidium iodide delivery with millisecond electric pulses: A model study
A model study of propidium iodide delivery with millisecond electric pulses
is presented; this work is a companion of the experimental efforts by Sadik et
al. [1]. Both membrane permeabilization and delivery are examined with respect
to six extra-cellular conductivities. The transmembrane potential of the
permeabilized regions exhibits a consistent value, which corresponds to a
bifurcation point in the pore-radius-potential relation. Both the pore area
density and membrane conductance increase with an increasing extra-cellular
conductivity. On the other hand, the inverse correlation between propidium
iodide delivery and extra-cellular conductivity as observed in the experiments
is quantitatively captured by the model. This agreement confirms that this
behavior is primarily mediated by electrophoretic transport during the pulse.
The results suggest that electrophoresis is important even for the delivery of
small molecules such as propidium iodide. The direct comparison between model
prediction and experimental data presented in this work helps validate the
former as a robust predictive tool for the study of electroporation
Exploring Extended Scalar Sectors with Di-Higgs Signals: A Higgs EFT Perspective
We consider extended scalar sectors of the Standard Model as
ultraviolet-complete motivations for studying the effective Higgs
self-interaction operators of the Standard Model effective field theory. We
investigate all motivated heavy scalar models which generate the dimension-6
effective operator, , at tree level and proceed to identify the full set
of tree-level dimension-six operators by integrating out the heavy scalars. Of
seven models which generate at tree level only two, quadruplets of
hypercharge and , generate only this operator. Next we perform
global fits to constrain relevant Wilson coefficients from the LHC single Higgs
measurements as well as the electroweak oblique parameters and . We find
that the parameter puts very strong constraints on the Wilson coefficient
of the operator in the triplet and quadruplet models, while the singlet
and doublet models could still have Higgs self-couplings which deviate
significantly from the standard model prediction. To determine the extent to
which the operator could be constrained, we study the dihiggs
signatures at the future 100 TeV collider and explore future sensitivity of
this operator. Projected onto the Higgs potential parameters of the extended
scalar sectors, with ab luminosity data we will be able to explore
the Higgs potential parameters in all seven models.Comment: 25 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables; version 3: match the JHEP published
versio
Effects of electrode surface roughness on motional heating of trapped ions
Electric field noise is a major source of motional heating in trapped ion
quantum computation. While the influence of trap electrode geometries on
electric field noise has been studied in patch potential and surface adsorbate
models, only smooth surfaces are accounted for by current theory. The effects
of roughness, a ubiquitous feature of surface electrodes, are poorly
understood. We investigate its impact on electric field noise by deriving a
rough-surface Green's function and evaluating its effects on adsorbate-surface
binding energies. At cryogenic temperatures, heating rate contributions from
adsorbates are predicted to exhibit an exponential sensitivity to local surface
curvature, leading to either a large net enhancement or suppression over smooth
surfaces. For typical experimental parameters, orders-of-magnitude variations
in total heating rates can occur depending on the spatial distribution of
absorbates. Through careful engineering of electrode surface profiles, our
results suggests that heating rates can be tuned over orders of magnitudes.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
Projected Density Matrix Embedding Theory with Applications to the Two-Dimensional Hubbard Model
Density matrix embedding theory (DMET) is a quantum embedding theory for
strongly correlated systems. From a computational perspective, one bottleneck
in DMET is the optimization of the correlation potential to achieve
self-consistency, especially for heterogeneous systems of large size. We
propose a new method, called projected density matrix embedding theory
(p-DMET), which achieves self-consistency without needing to optimize a
correlation potential. We demonstrate the performance of p-DMET on the
two-dimensional Hubbard model.Comment: 25 pages, 8 figure
Dimensions of fractals related to languages defined by tagged strings in complete genomes
A representation of frequency of strings of length K in complete genomes of
many organisms in a square has led to seemingly self-similar patterns when K
increases. These patterns are caused by under-represented strings with a
certain "tag"-string and they define some fractals when K tends to infinite.
The Box and Hausdorff dimensions of the limit set are discussed. Although the
method proposed by Mauldin and Williams to calculate Box and Hausdorff
dimension is valid in our case, a different and simpler method is proposed in
this paper.Comment: 9 pages with two figure
The Bottom-Up EFT: Complete UV Resonances of the SMEFT Operators
The standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) provides systematic
parameterization of all possible new physics above the electroweak scale.
According to the amplitude-operator correspondence, an effective operator can
be decomposed into a linear combination of several j-basis operators, which
correspond to local amplitudes carrying certain spin and gauge quantum numbers
in a particular scattering channel. Based on the Poincare and gauge symmetries
of scattering amplitude, we construct the j-basis using the Casimir method for
both the Lorentz and gauge sectors. The quantum numbers of the j-basis
operators fix the quantum numbers of any intermediate state in the
corresponding amplitudes, such as a UV resonance. This can be re-interpreted as
the j-basis/UV correspondence, thus obtaining the j-bases in all partitions of
fields for an operator amounts to finding all of its UV origins at tree level,
constituting the central part of the bottom-up EFT framework. Applying the
j-basis analysis to SMEFT, we obtain a complete list of possible tree-level UV
origins of the effective operators at the dimension 5, 6, 7, and all the
bosonic operators at the dimension 8.Comment: 123 pages, 19 figures, 34 table
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