A sequential injection system for the in-line digestion and colorimetric determination of phosphorus in milk

A sequential injection analysis (SIA) system involving in-line digestion for the determination of total phosphorus in milk is presented. The developed manifold consists mainly of 2 phases: conversion of all forms of phosphorus into orthophosphates by hydrolysis and oxidation catalyzed by UV radiation (necessary for the efficient oxidation of organic phosphates) and spectrophotometric determination of the phosphomolybdenum blue formed. The proposed method was applied to several cow milk samples and the results were in good agreement with those provided by the reference method, with a maximum relative deviation of 5.2%. The detection limit of the method was around 2 mg P/L with a sampling rate of approximately 17 h−1

Inovação e gestão tecnológica em organizações de P&D: um modelo integrador.

Modelos são representações da realidade que têm se revelado úteis para o avanço do conhecimento em inúmeras áreas. Este artigo busca apresentar um modelo de inovação tecnológica em que esse fenômeno seja concebido como sendo: a) sistêmico; b) multinível; c) organizacional, d) multideterminado; e) passível de mensuração; f) de intervenção. A literatura sobre modelos de inovação apresenta propostas em que dois elementos estão sempre presentes: a) o processo de P&D, em suas diversas etapas; b) determinantes dessas etapas, ou fatores originados nos contextos macro, meso ou micro do processo de inovação. A literatura sobre gestão tecnológica apresenta modelos de gestão, enfatizando variáveis relativas à gestão de portfólio e gestão de pesquisa em rede, como as mais relevantes para os modelos de gestão de última geração. A proposta apresentada neste trabalho integra essas duas literaturas, procurando enfatizar a relevância de variáveis de gestão tecnológica como determinantes importantes, ao longo do processo de inovação tecnológica. O artigo conclui com uma discussão de áreas beneficiadas com a utilização do modelo.Made available in DSpace on 2011-04-09T12:31:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 v21n183.pdf: 93876 bytes, checksum: 239e0a0761aae6db793c8ffcec63b070 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-07-28200

Determinazione colorimetrica del fosforo nel latte mediante analisi ad iniezione di flusso e digestione térmica indotta da radiazione UV

Two flow injection systems for the determination of total phosphorus in milk were developed: one for the determination of phosphorus using offline digestion of milk and another with in-line digestion. The first procedure involves a classical Kjeldahl digestion of milk prior to introducing it into the flow system; the second uses acid, heat and UV-catalysed peroxodisulphate oxidation to convert in-line all forms of phosphorus compounds into orthophosphate, allowing a considerable amount of time to be saved. Concentrations of phosphorus in milk withinthe range of 706 to 984 mg P/L were found and FIA results were in good agreement with those provided by the reference method.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Managing genetic diversity and society needs

Most livestock are not indigenous to Brazil. Several animal species were considered domesticated in the pre-colonial period, since the indigenous people manage them as would be typical of European livestock production. For over 500 years there have been periodic introductions resulting in the wide range of genetic diversity that for centuries supported domestic animal production in the country. Even though these naturalized breeds have acquired adaptive traits after centuries of natural selection, they have been gradually replaced by exotic breeds, to such an extent, that today they are in danger of extinction To avoid further loss of this important genetic material, in 1983 Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology decided to include conservation of animal genetic resources among its priorities. In this paper we describe the effort to genetically characterize these populations, as a tool to ensure their genetic variability. To effectively save the threatened local breeds of livestock it is important to find a niche market for each one, reinserting them in production systems. They have to be utilized in order to be conserved. And there is no doubt that due to their adaptive traits, the Brazilian local breeds of livestock can play an important role in animal production, to meet society needs