Structural Path Analysis: Applications to Structural Changes in the Andalusian economy (1990-1999)

Social Accounting Matrices (SAM) are an useful tool that enables to get extenser information than Input-Output analysis as far as they work not only with an economy´s intersectorial relations, but also with consumers' behaviour, government or foreign sector; reflecting the income flow of rent. In this paper, we use Social Accounting Matrices for Andalusia for years 1990, 1995 y 1999, that we got from previous works. With this information we use "path analysis" technique to obtain the main changes in the productive structure and demand in Andalusia for the last ten years. Those changes will be represented in a three-dimensional picture. We also want to know which are the sectors that have strongly contributed to regional economic growth. Finally we measure the influence of sectorial shocks on themselves and also on the other sectors of this regional economy. Keywords: social accounting matrix, regional accounting, structural analysis. JEL: C67, D57, R15.

The impact of European Structural Funds in the South of Spain

Over the last decades, the European Union has contributed to the development of poor regions of the Associate Members. This is the case of Andalusia, an Objective 1 region for the European regional policy in the south of Spain. In this paper we carry out an impact analysis of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), one of the most important Structural Funds, to the object of assessing its effect on aggregate and sectoral production, price indexes and consumers’ welfare. To this extend we compute an Applied General Equilibrium Model (AGEM) and we present a counterfactual analysis with simulations for three representative years: 1990, 1995 and 1999. We conclude that regional funding has deeply contributed to Andalusian regional development and the effectiveness of the funds seems to be larger for the last years of the study

A methodology to study price-quantity interactions in inputoutput modeling: an application to NextGenerationEU funds

The input-output (I-O) model is a widely employed tool for examining the interconnected structure of an economy and evaluating policy impacts. The current model consists of two separate and independent modules that describe the underlying factors governing quantities and prices. However, these modules lack any form of interaction, existing in isolated spheres where prices do not influence quantities, and quantities do not affect prices. Consequently, the I-O model has been questioned for its limited descriptive capability, particularly when a more comprehensive assessment is necessary. This study aims to enhance the explanatory capabilities of the I-O model by proposing a novel improvement. We introduce an extended version of the traditional I-O price and quantity models, which integrates them into a unified "price-quantity" model, establishing interdependencies between the two modules. This integrated model could be useful in advancing the explanatory capacity of I-O analysis, without having to resort to computational general equilibrium (CGE) models. As we know, CGE models are considerably more complex and resource-intensive in terms of data requirements compared to I-O models. To evaluate the impact of NextGenerationEU funds on the Spanish economy, we apply this integrated I-O model, utilizing data from a Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for 2016, the latest year with available official I-O data

Detection of Key Sectors by Using a Social Accounting Matrices: an Alternative Approach

This paper provides a new methodology for the detection of productive key sectors within a national (or regional) economy. In contrast with other methods applied so far, this one presents two innovations. Firstly, the so-called traditional models, which are based on building normalised backward and forward linkage indicators, are combined with more modern extraction models. Secondly, Social Accounting Matrices (SAM) are the databases used instead of Input-Output Tables (IOT), in order to determine those indicators. This paper attempts to show the advantages of this system by empirically applying it to the SAM for Spain in the year 2000, in order to detect the key sectors in Spanish economy

Using a CGE Model to Identify the Policy Trade-off between Unemployment and Inflation. The Efficient Phillips Curve

This paper provides a new reading of a classical economic relation: the short-run Phillips curve. Our point is that, when dealing with inflation and unemployment, policy-making can be understood as a multicriteria decisionmaking problem. Hence, we use so-called multiobjective programming in connection with a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to determine the combinations of policy instruments that provide efficient combinations of inflation and unemployment. This approach results in an alternative version of the Phillips curve labelled as efficient Phillips curve. Our aim is to present an application of CGE models to a new area of research that can be especially useful when addressing policy exercises with real data. We apply our methodological proposal within a particular regional economy, Andalusia, in the south of Spain. This tool can..

The Structural Funds in Andalusia for the Programming Period 2014-20. Time for Tightening Belts

During the period 2014–2020 it will be the first time since Spain joined the European Economic Community that the Southern region of Andalusia will not be considered as one of the Objective 1 priority areas for the European Regional Policy. This paper analyses the economic impact of the foreseeable withdrawal of an important amount of European Structural Funds in the region. Our point is to develop a dynamic general equilibrium model to assess, under different simulation scenarios, the effects of the removal of this funding on the main regional economic indicators, specially focusing on GDP growth, a key variable for the future of the region

Flowering of taro germplasm (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) in Cuba

Research was done at the Center for Tropical Crop Research (INIVIT), to evaluate inflorescence of taro germplasm (104 accessions) in Cuba´s climatic conditions. Sampling was made every 7 days in the 2013-2014 period to evaluate inflorescence; accessions were characterized according to flowering parameters. The results showed that natural flowering by the 26-accession sample (25%), was observed to early blossom from July to October in 18 accessions (69.2%). Increased temperature and relative humidity lasted until November, when inflorescence ends

Análisis de impacto de los Fondos Estructurales Europeos recibidos por una economía regional: Un enfoque a través de Matrices de Contabilidad Social

Las Matrices de Contabilidad Social (MCS) constituyen un instrumental con el que valorar el efecto de determinadas intervenciones económicas en términos de actividad, renta o empleo. A través de las mismas es posible completar la información proporcionada por las propias tablas input-output al profundizar en aspectos como la estructura de producción, patrones de consumo o distribución del gasto de una economía particular. En este trabajo planteamos un análisis de impacto de los Fondos Estructurales Europeos para el caso de Andalucía en la década de los años noventa, a partir de la teoría de descomposición de multiplicadores aplicada sobre dichas MCS. Para ello utilizamos como base de datos las MCS para esta región de los años 1990, 1995 y 1999

Un análisis estructural de una economía regional a través de matrices de contabilidad social: 1990-1999

Social accounting matrices (SAM) are an instrument that enlarges the information provided by the input-output analysis. These matrices study the intersectoral relationships of an economy, the behaviour of the consumers, the public sector or the foreign sector, as long as they complete the income flow of rent. In this work, we use the SAM for Andalusia (region southern Spain) 1990, 1995 and 1999, to conduct a structural analysis of the Andalusian economy by means of the «path analysis» methodology and a multiplier decomposition. With these techniques, we obtain the changes in productive structure and we quantify the influence of sectoral shocks on this regional economy. Finally, we also identify which sectors have most strongly contributed to the regional economic activity in the last decade.Las matrices de contabilidad social (MCS) son un instrumento que permite ampliar la información proporcionada por el análisis input-output al recoger además de las relaciones intersectoriales de una economía, el comportamiento de los consumidores, el sector público o el sector exterior, logrando así completar el flujo circular de la renta. En este trabajo utilizamos las matrices de contabilidad social para Andalucía correspondientes a los años 1990, 1995 y 1999, elaboradas en trabajos previos. Con dicha información realizamos un análisis estructural de la economía andaluza mediante la metodología denominada paths analysis y la descomposición de multiplicadores. Con estas técnicas obtendremos los cambios experimentados en la estructura productiva y cuantificaremos la influencia que han ejercido los shocks experimentados por cada sector sobre sí mismos y sobre el resto de sectores de esta economía regional. Finalmente, nos preguntaremos qué sectores han contribuido en mayor medida a la activación económica regional

A multiplier evaluation of primary factors supply-shocks

Demand-side multipliers have ruled within multisectoral models as the main indicators for policy effectiveness and key-sector determination. The causal link between new exogenous final demand and responded endogenous total output is well understood and has been the basis for such a prevalent demand-side analysis both in linear interindustry analysis and in non-linear applied general equilibrium models. In this paper we shift the perspective to supply-side injections and we do so by studying the repercussion effects of marshalling additional primary factors, labor and capital services, which are injected into the economy and give rise to a general resource reallocation. As a result, we obtain estimates of supply multipliers that provide complementary information to standard demand multipliers. We illustrate the methodology using an empirical general equilibrium model built with the most recent data for the region of Andalusia, Spain.REPEC_wphaeiPostprin