Bound states in disclinated graphene with Coulomb impurities in the presence of a uniform magnetic field

AbstractIn this contribution, we study the effects caused by an impurity on the quantum dynamics of massive excitations in a disclinated graphene in the presence of an external magnetic field. Within a continuum approach, the problem is mathematically modeled by the definition of a special vector potential containing all the information about the topology and the interacting fields. The presence of disclination is introduced by a term in the Dirac equation that translates the appearance of a phase associated with the transport of the spinor around the apex of the cone. We solve exactly the Dirac equation for this problem and the eigenvalues are obtained. We observe the influence of the disclination on the spectrum of energy and the allowed values of magnetic field

Funções cognitivas, autoestima e autoconceito de crianças com transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade

The study aimed to compare the performance of children with ADHD and children without learning and/or attention difficulties in tasks of visual attention, executive functions, self-esteem and self--concept. Participants were34 children, 17 with ADHD and 17in the control group, with a mean age of 9.92 years. For the evaluation, the following tests were used: Cancellation Test, Trail Making Test, Stroop Color Word Test, Tower of London, Children's Depression Inventory, Self-Esteem Multidimensional Scale, and Children's Self-Concept Scale. The results indicated that children with ADHD showed worse out comes in attention and executive functions evaluations, in the belief of doing things the wrong way, in feelings of guilt and in low self-esteem, both in the general result as well as in self-perception.The study aimed to compare the performance of children with ADHD and children without learning and/or attention difficulties in tasks of visual attention, executive functions, self-esteem and self--concept. Participants were34 children, 17 with ADHD and 1272331340sem informaçãosem informaçãoAlbert, J., López-Martín, S., Fernández-Jaén, A., Carretié, L., Alteraciones emocionales en el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad: datos existentes y cuestiones abiertas (2008) Revista de Neurología, 47, pp. 39-45(2002) Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-IV-TR), , American Psychiatric Association (4th ed.) Washington, DC: AuthorBarkley, R.A., (2008) Transtorno de déficit de atenção/ hiperatividade: Manual para diagnóstico e tratamento, , (Ed.) (3. ed.). Porto Alegre, RS: ArtmedBerwid, O.G., Kera, E.A.C., Marks, D.J., Santra, A., Bender, H.A., Halperin, J.M., Sustained attention and response inhibitionin young children at risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2005) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46 (11), pp. 1219-1229Biederman, J., Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A selective overview (2005) Biological Psychiatry, 57, pp. 1215-1220Biederman, J., Faraone, S.V., Milberger, S., Curtis, S., Chen, L., Marrs, A., Spencer, T., Predictors of persistence and remission of ADHD: Results from a four-year prospective follow-up study of ADHD children (1996) Journal of American Academic Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, pp. 966-975Biederman, J., Mick, E., Faraone, S.V., Braaten, E., Doyle, A., Spencer, T., Johnson, M.A., Influence of gender on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children referred to a psychiatric clinic (2002) American Journal Psychiatry, 159, pp. 36-42Cardo, E., Nevot, A., Redondo, M., Melero, A., Azua, B., Banda, G.G., Servera, M., Trastorno por déficit de atención/ hiperactividad: ?un patrón evolutivo? (2010) Revista de Neurología, 50 (SUPL. 3), pp. S143-S147Castellanos, F.X., Proal, E., Large-scale brain systems in ADHD: Beyond the prefrontal-striatal model (2012) Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16 (1), pp. 17-26Chan, E., Mattingley, J.B., Huang-Pollock, C., English, T., Hester, R., Vance, A., Bellgrove, M.A., Abnormal spatial asymmetry of selective attention in ADHD (2009) Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 50 (9), pp. 1064-1072Ciasca, S.M., Rodrigues, S.D., Salgado, C.A., (2010) TDAH: Transtorno do Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade, pp. 23-36. , (Eds.) Rio de Janeiro, RJ: RevinterDuPaul, G.J., Stoner, G., (2007) TDAH nas escolas: Estratégias de avaliação e intervenção, , São Paulo, SP: M. BooksDupuy, F.E., Barry, R.J., Clarke, A.R., McCarthy, R., Selikowitz, M., Sex differences between the combined and inattentive types of attention-defi cit/hyperactivity disorder: An EEG perspective (2013) International Journal of Psychophysiology, 89 (3), pp. 320-327Eiraldi, R., Power, T., Karustis, J., Goldstein, S., Assessing ADHD and comorbid disorders in children: The Child Behavior Checklist and the Devereux Scales of Mental Disorders (2000) Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29 (1), pp. 3-16. , (March)Fernandez-Mayoralas, D.M., Fernandez-Jaen, A., Garcia-Segura, J.M., Quinones-Tapia, D., Neuroimagen en el transtorno por defi cit de atencion/hiperactividad (2010) Revista de Neurología, 50 (SUPL. 3), pp. S125-S133Glass, K., Flory, K., Martin, A., Hankin, B., ADHD and comorbid conduct problems among adolescents: Associations with self-esteem and substance use (2011) Attention Defi cit Hyperactivity Disorder, 3, pp. 29-39Gobbita, M., (2003) Escala multidimensional de auto-estima (EMAE): Construção e validação com crianças e adolescentes brasileiro, , (Tese de doutorado, Centro de Ciências da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Gobitta, M., Guzzo, R.S.L., Estudo inicial do Inventário de Auto-Estima (SEI) - Forma A (2002) Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 15 (1), pp. 143-150Gouveia, V.V., Barbosa, G.A., Almeida, H.J.F., Gaião, A.A., Inventário de Depressão Infantil - CDI: Estudo de adaptação com escolares de João Pessoa (1995) Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria, 44, pp. 345-349Kovacs, M., (1992) Children Depression Inventory CDI: Manual, , New York: Multi-Health SystemsKrauel, K., Duzel, E., Hinrichs, H., Rellum, T., Santel, S., Baving, L., Emotional memory in ADHD patients with and without comorbid ADD/CD (2009) Journal Neural Transmission, 116, pp. 117-120Lima, R.F., Azoni, C.A.S., Ciasca, S.M., Attentional performance and executive functions in children with learning difficulties (2011) Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica, 24 (4), pp. 685-691Lima, R.F., Travaini, P.P., Ciasca, S.M., Amostra de desempenho de estudantes do ensino fundamental em testes de atenção e funções executivas (2009) Psicopedagogia, 26 (80), pp. 188-199López-Villalobos, J.A., Serrano-Pintado, I., Andrés-De Llano, J.M., Delgado Sánchez-Mateos, J., Alberola-López, S., Sánchez-Azón, M.I., Utilidad del test de Stroop en el trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (2010) Revista de Neurología, 50, pp. 333-340López-Villalobos, J.A., Serrano-Pintado, I., Delgado Sánchez--Mateos, J., Ruiz Sanz, F., Sánchez-Azón, M.I., Sacristán Martín, M.A., Transtorno por déficit de atención/ hiperactividad: perfi l intelectual y factor de independencia a la distracción (2007) Revista de Neurología, 44 (10), pp. 589-595Mattos, P., Serra-Pinheiro, M.A., Rohde, L.A., Pinto, D., Apresentação de uma versão em português para uso no Brasil do instrumento MTA-SNAP-IV de avaliação de sintomas de transtorno do déficit de atenção/hiperatividade e sintomas de transtorno desafi ador e de oposição (2006) Revista de Psiquiatria, 28 (3), pp. 290-297Miranda-Casas, A., Presentación-Herrero, M.J., Colomer-Diago, C., Roselló, B., Satisfacción con la vida de niños con trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad: estudio de posibles factores de riesgo y de protección (2011) Revista de Neurología, 52 (SUPL. 1), pp. S119-S126Simão, A.N.P., (2004) Avaliação neuropsicológica em crianças com transtorno e déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, , (Dissertação de mestrado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Simão, A.N.P., (2008) Treino em solução de problemas com crianças que apresentam transtorno de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, , (Tese de doutorado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Simão, A.N.P., Toledo, M.M., Ciasca, S.M., Transtornos de déficit de atenção e hiperatividade. (2010) TDAH: Transtorno do déficit de atenção e hiperatividade, pp. 23-36. , S. M. Ciasca, S. D. Rodrigues, & C. A. Salgado (Eds.), Rio de Janeiro, RJ: RevinterSisto, F.F., Martinelli, S.C., (2004) Escala de Autoconceito Infanto - Juvenil (EAC-IJ), , São Paulo, SP: VetorSpreen, O., Strauss, E., (1998) A compendium of neuropsychological tests- administration, norms and commentary, , New York: Oxford University PressTaanila, A.M., Hurtig, T.M., Miettunen, J., Ebeling, H.E., Moilanen, I.K., Association between ADHD symptoms and adolescents' psychosocial well-being: A study of the northern Finland Birth cohort 1986 (2009) International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 68 (2), pp. 133-144Toledo, M.M., (2006) Comparação do diagnóstico e resposta a um treino de atenção em crianças com os subtipos de transtorno e déficit de atenção/hiperatividade, , (Tese de doutorado, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil)Tunstall, J.R., (1999) Improving the utility of Tower of London: A neuropsychological test of planning, , (Master's thesis of Philosophy, School of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Healthy Sciences, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia)Comparar o desempenho de crianças com TDAH e crianças sem queixas de aprendizagem e/ou atenção em tarefas de atenção visual, funções executivas, autoestima e autoconceito. Fizeram parte do estudo 34 crianças, sendo 17 com TDAH e 17 do grupo controle, co

Fishtail Effect Studied By Ac Susceptibility In Erba2cu3o7-δ Single Crystal

A study of the second magnetization peak (SMP) using a scaling procedure for ac susceptibility measurements, in an ErBa2Cu3O7-δ single crystal is presented. In addition, its sample size dependence, ac susceptibility (χ) is a very versatile technique, widely used in the study and characterization of superconducting materials. Its major advantages are the experimental simplicity, low cost, and great sensitivity.95313011306Berlincourt, T.G., Hake, R.R., Leslie, D.H., (1961) Phys. Rev. Lett., 6, p. 671Däumling, M., Seuntjens, J.M., Larbalestier, D.C., (1990) Nature (London), 346, p. 332Bean, C.P., (1962) Phys. Rev. Lett., 8, p. 250Bean, C.P., (1964) Rev. Mod. Phys., 36, p. 31Vargas, J.L., Larbalestier, D.C., (1992) Appl. Phys. Lett., 60, p. 1741Osofsky, M.S., Cohn, J.L., Skelton, E.F., Miller, M.M., Soulen Jr., R.J., Wolf, S.A., Vanderah, T.A., (1992) Phys. Rev. B, 45, p. 4916Harneit, W., (1996) Physica C, 267, p. 270Yeshurun, Y., Malozemoff, A.P., Shaulov, A., (1996) Rev. Mod. Phys., 68, p. 911Blatter, G., Feigel'man, M.V., Geshkenbein, V.B., Larkin, A.I., Vinokur, V.M., (1994) Rev. Mod. Phys., 66, p. 1125Krusin-Elbaum, L., Civale, L., Vinokur, V.M., Holtzberg, F., (1992) Phys. Rev. Lett., 69, p. 2280Yeshurun, Y., Bontemps, N., Burlachkov, L., Kapitulnik, A., (1994) Phys. Rev. B, 49, p. 1548Abulafia, Y., (1996) Phys. Rev. Lett., 77, p. 1596Farmer, J.W., Kornecki, M., Cowan, D.L., (2001) Physica C, 364, p. 334Mikitik, G.P., Brandt, E.H., (2001) Phys. Rev. B, 64, p. 184514Yamaguchi, Y., Shirakawa, N., Rajaram, G., Oka, K., Mumtaz, A., Obara, H., Nakagawa, T., Bando, H., (2001) Physica C, 361, p. 244Kopelevich, Y., Esquinazi, P., (1998) J. Low Temp. Phys., 113, p. 1Esquinazi, P., Setzer, A., Fuchs, D., Kopelevich, Y., Zeldov, E., Assmann, C., (1999) Phys. Rev. B, 60, p. 12454Gurevich, A., Vinokur, V.M., (1999) Phys. Rev. Lett., 83, p. 3037Cai, X.Y., Gurevich, A., Larbalestier, D.C., Kelley, R.J., Onellion, M., Berger, H., Margaritondo, G., (1994) Phys. Rev. B, 50, p. 16774Passos, W.A.C., Lisboa-Filho, P.N., Caparroz, R., De Faria, C.C., Venturini, P.C., Araujo-Moreira, F.M., Sergeenkov, S., Ortiz, W.A., (2001) Physica C, 354, p. 189(1991) Magnetic Susceptibility of Superconductors and Other Spin Systems, , edited by R. A. Hein, T. L. Francavilla, D. H. Liebenberg (Plenum, New York)Clem, J.R., Kerchner, H.R., Sekula, S.T., (1976) Phys. Rev. B, 14, p. 1893Ji, L., Sohn, H.R., Spalding, G.C., Lobb, C.J., Tinkham, M., (1989) Phys. Rev. B, 40, p. 10936Brandt, E.H., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 58, p. 6506Brandt, E.H., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 58, p. 6523De Lima, O.F., Cardoso, C.A., (2000) Phys. Rev. B, 61, p. 11722Cardoso, C.A., De Lima, O.F., (2000) Physica C, 334, p. 185Cardoso, C.A., Avila, M.A., Ribeiro, R.A., De Lima, O.F., (2001) Physica C, 354, p. 165Worthington, T.K., Gallagher, W.J., Dinger, T.R., (1987) Phys. Rev. Lett., 59, p. 1160Welp, U., Fleshler, S., Kwok, W.K., Klemm, R.A., Vinokur, V.M., Downey, J., Veal, B., Crabtree, G.W., (1991) Phys. Rev. Lett., 67, p. 3180Klein, L., Yacoby, E.R., Yeshurun, Y., Erb, A., Müller-Vogt, G., Breit, V., Wühl, H., (1994) Phys. Rev. B, 49, p. 4403Mochida, T., Murakami, M., (1997) Physica C, 290, p. 311Fàbrega, L., Fontcuberta, J., Civale, L., Piñol, S., (1994) Phys. Rev. B, 50, p. 1199Jönsson, B.J., Rao, K.V., Yun, S.H., Karlsson, U.O., (1998) Phys. Rev. B, 58, p. 5862Fàbrega, L., Fontcuberta, J., Piñol, S., Van Der Beek, C.J., Kes, P.H., (1993) Phys. Rev. B, 47, p. 15250Zeldov, E., Amer, N.M., Koren, G., Gupta, A., McElfresh, M.W., Gambino, R.J., (1990) Appl. Phys. Lett., 56, p. 680Hardy, V., Wahl, A., Ruyter, A., Maignan, A., Martin, C., Coudrier, L., Provost, J., Simon, Ch., (1994) Physica C, 232, p. 347Pashitski, A.E., (1997) Science, 275, p. 36

The hydrostatic equilibrium and Tsallis equilibrium for self-gravitating systems

Self-gravitating systems are generally thought to behavior non-extensively due to the long-range nature of gravitational forces. We obtain a relation between the nonextensive parameter q of Tsallis statistics, the temperature gradient and the gravitational potential based on the equation of hydrostatic equilibrium of self-gravitating systems. It is suggested that the nonextensive parameter in Tsallis statistics has a clear physical meaning with regard to the non-isothermal nature of the systems with long-range interactions and Tsallis equilibrium distribution for the self-gravitating systems describes the property of hydrostatic equilibrium of the systems.Comment: 7 pages, 9 Reference

Fluorescence quantum efficiency of CdSe/CdS magic-sized quantum dots functionalized with carboxyl or hydroxyl groups

AbstractThe present letter reports the thermo-optical properties of functionalized CdSe/CdS magic-sized quantum dots (MSQDs) (sizes 1.9–2.3nm) with carboxyl (R–COOH) or hydroxyl (R–OH) groups in aqueous solutions. Atomic force microscopy and infrared transmittance measurements were used to determine the size of the QDs and to highlight the functionalized groups. Absolute nonradiative quantum efficiency (φ) and radiative quantum efficiency (η) values were determined by applying two techniques: thermal lens (TL) and an alternative method that analyzes the ring patterns generated in a laser beam due to thermally induced self-phase-modulation effects known as the conical diffraction. Fluorescence measurements corroborate the TL results

Failure of sexing by developmental arrest of bovine embryos in vitro produced with H-Y antisera

Embriões bovinos produzidos in vitro, em estádio de mórula, foram cultivados em meio contendo anticorpos anti H-Y de alto título proveniente de ratos por 24h e, após este tempo, classificados em dois grupos: 1) embriões inibidos em estádio de mórula (classificados como machos) e 2) embriões que se desenvolveram e formaram a blastocele (classificados como fêmeas). O sexo de 311 embriões, distribuídos em três grupos de concentração dos anticorpos, 3%, 5% ou 7%, foi identificado pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. Não houve desvio da proporção entre machos e fêmeas (P>0,05) nos grupos em que se utilizaram os anticorpos anti H-Y, quando comparadas ao grupo-controle, sem adição de anticorpos anti H-Y. Diferentemente dos resultados obtidos utilizando-se embriões bovinos produzidos in vivo, a sexagem com anticorpos anti H-Y de alto título em embriões produzidos in vitro não propiciou sucesso.In vitro produced bovine embryos at morula stage were cultured in medium containing high titer of rat H-Y antisera for 24h. The embryos were classified in two groups: 1) embryos arrested at morula stage (classified as males); and 2) embryos that developed and formed a blastocoele (classified as female). The sex of 311 embryos, divided in three groups of concentration of H-Y antisera, 3%, 5% or 7%, was identified by polimerase chain reaction. The results showed no difference (P>0.05) on sexual deviation in groups in which the H-Y antisera was added, in relation to control group, in which no H-Y antisera was added. In contrast with results obtained with in vivo produced bovine embryos, the sexing of in vitro produced bovine embryos with high H-Y antisera titer did not succed.CNP

Evaluation Of The Risk Of A Stripping Perforation With Gates-glidden Drills: Serial Versus Crown-down Sequences

The aim of this study was to evaluatte the remaining dentine/cementum thickness using Gates-Glidden burs in serial and crown-down sequences and to observe which of the two sequences is the safest for preparing mesial roots of molars. Thirty-six left and. right human mandibular first molars were selected. Standard access cavities were made and initially explored with Flexofiles sizes 10 and 15 until the tip was visible at the apex. The teeth were embedded in a muffle speqially developed for this study using a PVC tube with two parallel metal rods An its lid. Each tooth-block was sectioned 3 mm apically to the furcation using a low-speed saw with a diamond disc. The tooth-block was examined under a microscope and an initial image was captured by a digital video system with 8 X and 12 X magnifications. Finally, the tooth-blocks were reassembled in the muffle so that the canals could be instrumented. After instrumentation the area of each mesial canal as well as the smallest distance to the root furcation were measured again. The mesio-buccal canals (crown-down order) and the mesio-lingual canals (serial sequence) presented an average area of 0.46 ± 0.16 mm2 and 0.88 ± 0.27 mm2 (P < 0.01), respectively. The mean values of the smallest distance to the furcation for the mesio-buccal and mesio-lingual canals were 0.66 ± 0.19 mm and 0.39 ± 0.13 mm (P < 0.01), respectively. The remaining dentine/cementum thickness using Gates-Glidden burs was greater in the crown-down sequence than in the serial sequence.2211824Grossman, L., A brief history of endodontics (1982) J Endod, 8 (1), p. 538Mullaney TP. Instrumentation of finely curved canals. Dent Clin North Am. l979;23(4):575-92Taintor, J.F., Use of the gates glidden bur in endodontics (1978) J Nebr Dent Assoc, 54 (3), pp. 10-12Weine, F.S., Kelly, R.E., Lio, P.J., The effect of preparation procedures on original canal shape and on apical foramen shape (1975) J Endod, 1 (8), pp. 255-262Abou-Rass, M., Frank, A.L., Glick, D.H., The anticurvature filing method to prepare the curved root canal (1980) J Am Dent Assoc, 101 (5), pp. 792-794Cunningham, C.J., Senia, S.E., A three-dimensional study of canal curvatures in the mesial roots of mandibular molars (1992) J Endod, 18 (6), pp. 294-300Coutinho-Filho.T, De-Deus G, Guimarães T, Gurgel-Filho ED, Maniglia-Ferreira C. A computer evaluation of the dentin remaining after cervical preparation in curved canals: Gatesglidden drills vs. orifice shaper. Braz J Oral Sci. 2002;1(3):116-20Lim, S.S., Stock, C.J., The risk of perforation in the curved canal: Anticurvature filing compared with the step-back technique (1987) Int Endod J, 20 (1), pp. 33-39Isom, T.L., Marshall, J.G., Baumgartner, J.C., Evaluation of root thickness in curved canals after flaring (1995) J Endod, 21 (7), pp. 368-371Gluskin, A.H., Brown, D.C., Buchanan, L.S., A reconstructed computerized tomographic comparison of Ni-Ti rotary GT files versus traditional instruments in canals shaped by novice operators (2001) Int Endod J, 34 (6), pp. 476-484Schilder, H., Cleaning and shaping the root canal (1974) Dent Clin North Am, 18 (2), pp. 269-296Bramante, C.M., Berbet, A., Borges, R.P., A methodology for evaluation of root canal instrumentation (1987) J Endod, 13 (5), pp. 243-245Bower, R.C., Furcation morphology relative to periodontal treatment. Furcation entrance architecture (1979) J Periodontol, 50 (1), pp. 23-27Kessler, J.R., Peters, D.D., Lorton, L., Comparison of the relative risk of molar root perforations using various endodontic instrumentation techniques (1983) J Endod, 9 (10), pp. 439-447McCann, J.T., Keller, D.L., LaBounty, G.L., A modification of the muffle model system to study root canal morphology (1990) J Endod, 16 (3), pp. 114-115Pilo, R., Corcino, G., Tamse, A., Residual dentin thickness in mandibular premolars prepared with hand and rotatory instruments (1998) J Endod, 24 (6), pp. 401-404Torabinejad, M., Rotstein, L., Stabholz, A., Effect of preflaring on tactile detection of the apical constriction (1995) J Endod, 21 (2), pp. 92-94West JD, Roane JB. Limpeza e modelagem do sistema de canais radiculares. In: Cohen S, Burns RC. Caminhos da polpa. 7th ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan2000. p. 206-36Abou-Rass, M., Jastrab, R.J., The use of rotary instruments as auxiliary aids to root canal preparation of molars (1982) J Endod, 8 (2), pp. 78-7

Byrsonima Crassa Niedenzu (ik): Antimicrobial Activity And Chemical Study

The methanolic extract of leaves from Byrsonima crassa, a Brazilian medicinal plant, was analyzed by CC and HPLC. Four constituents were isolated and identified as quercetin, methyl gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and quercetin-3-O-(2″-galloyl)-α-L-arabinopyranoside. The methanolic and hydromethanolic extract, as well as fractions, were evaluated regarding their possible antimicrobial activity using in vitro methods. Results showed that both extracts and fractions exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against all tested strains.2617175Agrawal, P.K., (1989) Carbon 13NMR of Flavonoids, , Amsterdam:ElsevierAlzoreky, N.S., Nakahara, K., Antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in Asia (2003) Int J Food Microbiol, 80, pp. 223-230Amarqiuise, A., Che, C.T., Bejar, E., Malone, M.H., Fong, H.H.S., A New Glycolipid from Byrsonima crassifolia (1994) Planta Med, 60, pp. 85-86Basile, A., Sorbo, S., Giordano, S., Ricciardi, L., Ferrara, S., Montesano, D., Cobianchi, R.C., Ferrara, L., Antibacterial and allelopathic activity of extract from Castanea sativa leaves (2000) Fitoterapia, 71, pp. S110-S116Bauer, A.W., Kirby, M.D.K., Sherries, J.C., Truck, M., Antibiotic susceptibilities testing by standard single disc diffusion method (1966) Am J Clin Pathol, 45, pp. 493-496Bejar, E., Amarquaye, A., Che, C.T., Malone, M.H., Fong, H.H.S., Constituents of Byrsonima crassifolia and their spasmogenic activity (1995) Int J Pharmacog, 33, pp. 25-32Binutu, O.A., Cordell, G.A., Gallic acid derivatives from Mezoneuron benthamianum leaves (2000) Pharm Biol, 38, pp. 284-286Djipa, C.D., Delmee, M., Quetin-Leclercq, J., Antimicrobial activity of bark extracts of Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston (Myrtaceae) (2000) J Ethnopharmacol, 71, pp. 307-313Geiss, F., Heinrich, M., Hunkler, D., Rimpler, H., Heinrich, M., Proanthocyanidins with (+)-epicatechin units from Byrsonima crassifolia bark (1995) Phytochemistry, 39, pp. 635-643Gottlieb, O.R., Henriques Mendes, P., Taveira Magalhães, M., Triterpenoids from Byrsonima verbascifolia (1975) Phytochemistry, 14, pp. 1456-1456Harborne, J.B., (1996) The Flavonoids: Advances in Research since 1986, , New York:Chapman & HallLopez, A., Hudson, J.B., Towers, G.H.N., Antiviral and antimicrobial activities of Colombian medicinal plants (2001) J Ethnopharmacol, 77, pp. 189-196Martínez-Vasquéz, M., González-Esquinca, A.R., Cazares Luna, L., Moreno Gutiérrez, M.N., García-Argáez, A.N., Antimicrobial activity of Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) H.B.K (1999) J Ethnopharmacol, 66, pp. 79-82Mendes, C.C., Cruz, F.G., David, J.M., Nascimento, I.P., David, J.P., Triterpenes esterified with fatty acid and triterpene acids isolated from Byrsonima microphylla (1999) Quím Nova, 22, pp. 185-188Nascimento, G.G.F., Locatelli, J., Freitas, P.C., Silva, G.L., Antibacterial activity of plants extracts and phytochemicals on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (2000) Braz J Microbiol, 31, pp. 247-256(2003) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disc Susceptibility Tests, , Approved Standard M2-A7, Pennsylvania:WaynePenna, C., Marino, S., Vivot, E., Cruanes, M.C., Munoz, J.D., Cruanes, J., Ferraro, G., Martino, V., Antimicrobial activity of Argentine plants used in the treatment of infectious diseases. Isolation of active compounds from Sebastiania brasiliensis (2001) J Ethnopharmacol, 77, pp. 37-40Pretorius, J.C., Magama, S., Zietsman, P.C., Purification and identification of antibacterial compounds from Euclea crispa subsp crispa (Ebenaceae) leaves (2003) S Afr J Bot, 69, pp. 579-586Rastrelli, L., De Tommasi, N., Berger, I., Caceres, A., Saravia, A., De Simone, F., Glycolipids from Byrsonima crassifolia (1997) Phytochemistry, 45, pp. 647-650Sannomiya, M., Rodrigues, C.M., Coelho, R.G., Santos, L.C., Hiruma-Lima, C.A., Souza Brito, A.R.M., Vilegas, W., Application of preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography for the separation of flavonoids from the leaves of Byrsonima crassa Niedenzu (IK) (2004) J Chromatogr A, 1035, pp. 47-51Sannomiya, M., Fonseca, V.B., Da Silva, M.A., Rocha, L.R.M., Dos Santos, L.C., Souza, H.C.A., Brito, A.R.M., Vilegas, W., Flavonoids and antiulcerogenic activity from Byrsonima crassa leaves extracts (2005) J Ethnopharmacol, 97, pp. 1-6Silva, S.R., Silva, A.P., Munhoz, C.B., Silva Jr., M.C., Medeiros, M.B., (2001) Guia de Plantas Do Cerrado Utilizadas Na Chapada Dos Veadeiros, , Brasília:WWF58pSrinivasan, D., Nathan, S., Suresh, T., Perumalsamy, P.L., Antimicrobial activity of certain Indian medicinal plants used in folkloric medicine (2001) J Ethnopharmacol, 74, pp. 217-220Wagner, H., Bladt, H., Zgainski, E.M., (1984) Plant Drug Analysis, , Berlin:Springer320