DOENÇA TROFOBLÁSTICA GESTACIONAL E SUAS COMPLICAÇÕES: ANÁLISE DE CASOS

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease is a spectrum of disorders characterized by abnormal trophoblastic proliferation, subclassified into hydatidiform mole (complete and partial) and potentially fatal trophoblastic neoplasms with high metastatic potential, such as invasive mole, choriocarcinoma and trophoblastic tumors. Choriocarcinoma is the most common neoplasm secondary to hydatidiform mole, with a high incidence of lung metastasis, whose initial manifestation is hemoptysis. On the other hand, hydatidiform mole originates from villous trophoblasts and is considered a pre-neoplastic condition, whose clinical picture includes vaginal bleeding, hyperemesis and uterine enlargement, with complications such as preeclampsia, anemia and dyspnea. Objective: To analyze cases regarding Gestational Trophoblastic Disease and its complications. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, of a quantitative nature, whose articles were selected from PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library On-line (SciELO) and Cochrane Library databases, in English. The choice of articles was performed by reading the title, abstract and, finally, reading the article in its entirety, with a careful analysis of the articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Final considerations: It is concluded that gestational choriocarcinoma is the most common gestational trophoblastic neoplasm, often secondary to hydatidiform mole, and its main metastatic target is the lung parenchyma, the main clinical manifestation being hemoptysis. There is a tendency to increase blood pressure in pregnant women with hydatidiform mole, which can lead to preeclampsia. Thus, it is possible for the fetus to have intrauterine growth restriction, requiring histopathological examination in all cases.La enfermedad trofoblástica gestacional es un espectro de trastornos caracterizados por una proliferación trofoblástica anormal, subclasificados en mola hidatiforme (completa y parcial) y neoplasias trofoblásticas potencialmente mortales con alto potencial metastásico, como la mola invasiva, el coriocarcinoma y los tumores trofoblásticos. El coriocarcinoma es la neoplasia más frecuente secundaria a mola hidatiforme, con alta incidencia de metástasis pulmonares, cuya manifestación inicial es la hemoptisis. Por otro lado, la mola hidatiforme se origina a partir de trofoblastos vellosos y se considera una condición preneoplásica, cuyo cuadro clínico incluye sangrado vaginal, hiperémesis y agrandamiento uterino, con complicaciones como preeclampsia, anemia y disnea. Objetivo: Analizar casos de Enfermedad Trofoblástica Gestacional y sus complicaciones. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica integradora, de carácter cuantitativo, cuyos artículos fueron seleccionados de las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO y Cochrane Library, en inglés. La elección de los artículos se realizó mediante la lectura del título, resumen y, finalmente, lectura del artículo en su totalidad, con un análisis cuidadoso de los artículos a partir de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Consideraciones finales: Se concluye que el coriocarcinoma gestacional es la neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional más frecuente, muchas veces secundaria a mola hidatiforme, y su principal diana metastásica es el parénquima pulmonar, siendo la principal manifestación clínica la hemoptisis. Hay una tendencia a aumentar la presión arterial en mujeres embarazadas con mola hidatiforme, lo que puede conducir a la preeclampsia. Así, es posible que el feto tenga restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, requiriendo examen histopatológico en todos los casos.A Doença Trofoblástica Gestacional é um espectro de distúrbios caracterizados por proliferação trofoblástica anormal, subclassificada em mola hidatiforme (completa e parcial) e neoplasias trofoblásticas com alto potencial metastático e potencialmente fatais, como a mola invasora, coriocarcinoma e tumores trofoblásticos. O coriocarcinoma é a neoplasia mais comum e secundária à mola hidatiforme, com alta incidência de metástase pulmonar, cuja manifestação inicial é a hemoptise. Por outro lado, a mola hidatiforme se originam de trofoblastos vilosos e é considerada condição pré-neoplásica, cujo quadro clínico inclui sangramentos vaginais, hiperêmese e aumento uterino e tem como complicações a pré-eclâmpsia, anemia e dispneia. Objetivo: Analisar casos a respeito da Doença Trofoblástica Gestacional e suas complicações. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa, de natureza quantitativa, cujos artigos foram selecionados das bases de dados PubMed, Scientific Eletronic Library On-line (SciELO) e Cochrane Library, na língua inglesa. A escolha dos artigos foi realizada por meio da leitura do título, resumo e, por fim, da leitura do artigo na íntegra, sendo realizada uma análise criteriosa dos artigos fundamentados nos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que o coriocarcinoma gestacional é a neoplasia trofoblástica gestacional mais comum, muitas vezes secundária à mola hidatiforme, e tem como principal alvo metastático o parênquima pulmonar, sendo a principal manifestação clínica a hemoptise. Há uma tendência ao aumento da pressão arterial na gestante com mola hidatiforme, podendo adquirir pré-eclâmpsia. Desse modo, é possível o feto possuir restrição de crescimento intrauterino, sendo necessária a realização do exame histopatológico em todos os casos

GATA-3 expression and its correlation with prognostic factors and survival in canine mammary tumors

Introduction: The transcription factor GATA-3 plays a significant role in mammary gland development and differentiation. Recent studies on human oncology have demonstrated its association with favorable pathologic factors in breast cancer. Canine mammary tumours, proposed as comparative and translational study models, have epidemiological, clinical, biological, and genetic characteristics similar to those of human breast cancers. Methods: Here, we evaluated the frequency of GATA-3 expression in mammary tumors of dogs and its relationship with prognostic factors and survival. Tumor samples were obtained from 40 female dogs and grouped according to histological type into benign tumors (n = 10), carcinoma in mixed tumors (CMTs) (n = 20), and aggressive tumors (n = 10). CMTs were further separated according to histological grade, and data on clinical staging and diagnosis, histopathological grading, and survival rate were collected. Results: GATA-3 and estrogen receptor (ER) expression were higher in benign and well-differentiated carcinomas than in aggressive tumors, which showed greater Ki-67 expression. The expression rate of ER in the studied groups was equivalent to that of GATA-3. We identified a strong positive correlation between GATA-3 and ER expression frequencies and a negative correlation between those of GATA-3 and Ki-67. There were associations between GATA-3 (p = 79.4% of cells had significantly higher survival rates (p = 79.4% of cells effectively predicted survival or death in dogs with mammary tumors. Collectively, these results suggest that GATA-3 can be a relevant marker in the study of mammary tumor progression and has potential as a prognosis marker for predicting outcomes in canine mammary tumors.Peer reviewe

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data