589 research outputs found
Structural and morphological investigations of the electrodeposited Cr and Ni-Cr-P coatings and their electrochemical behaviors in chloride aqueous medium
ALT: A software for readability analysis of Portuguese-language texts
In the initial stage of human life, communication, seen as a process of
social interaction, was always the best way to reach consensus between the
parties. Understanding and credibility in this process are essential for the
mutual agreement to be validated. But, how to do it so that this communication
reaches the great mass? This is the main challenge when what is sought is the
dissemination of information and its approval. In this context, this study
presents the ALT software, developed from original readability metrics adapted
to the Portuguese language, available on the web, to reduce communication
difficulties. The development of the software was motivated by the theory of
communicative action of Habermas, which uses a multidisciplinary style to
measure the credibility of the discourse in the communication channels used to
build and maintain a safe and healthy relationship with the public.Comment: 21 pages, 13 figures, see software in https://legibilidade.com
Manejo de resĂduo vegetal de plantas de cobertura de inverno sobre plantas invasoras e soja, sob condiçÔes controladas, em casa de vegetação
In order to meet the great need to increase agricultural yield associated with the research of healthy products, which do not cause problems for the environment, this study aims to investigate the influence of mass quantity on black oats, radish and hairy deer in the emergence and development of B. pilosa, S. rhombifolia and G. max. It was carried out in the greenhouse with 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50 g of the studied weights. The weed and soybean seeds were sown and evaluated for 10 days to record their emergence. For the initial development of plants, five seedlings were transplanted, which evaluation occurred after 30 days. In general, increasing the amount of weight also increased the percentage inhibition of the weeds studied, but did not negatively influence the soybean. ESI (Emergence Speed Index) and ES (emergence speed) were negatively affected by the increase in weight, with the exception of soy ES. Weed mass was negatively influenced by cover crops, but did not cause problems for soybeans. Thus, the greatest amount of mass in relation to the winter cover crops studied was lower, being the infestation of these weeds without significant problems for the soybean. Finally, species may be recommended for further field studies as cover crops in large areas in the no-tillage system.Visando suprir a crescente necessidade de incremento na produção agrĂcola, associada ĂĄ busca por produtos saudĂĄveis e que nĂŁo agridam ao ambiente, este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influĂȘncia da quantidade de massa de aveia preta, nabo forrageiro e ervilhaca peluda sobre emergĂȘncia, Ăndice de velocidade de emergĂȘncia (IVE), velocidade de emergĂȘncia (VE), massa fresca e seca de parte aĂ©rea e raiz de picĂŁo preto, guanxuma e soja. O experimento foi desenvolvido em casa de vegetação, em vasos contendo aproximadamente 1 kg de solo, sobre os quais foram depositadas 10, 20, 30, 40 ou 50 g (equivalentes a 17; 33; 50; 66 e 83 kg ha-1) das massas estudadas. Para avaliação da emergĂȘncia, as sementes das espĂ©cies invasoras e soja foram semeadas e avaliadas durante 10 dias, com contagem diĂĄria. Para desenvolvimento inicial de planta, foram transplantadas cinco plĂąntulas para cada vaso, com avaliação apĂłs 30 dias. De modo geral, o aumento na quantidade de massa aumentou a porcentagem de inibição de guanxuma e picĂŁo preto, mas nĂŁo influenciou negativamente a soja. O IVE e VE das espĂ©cies foram afetados negativamente com o aumento da quantidade das massas, exceto para VE de soja. As massas das invasoras foi influenciada negativamente pelas plantas de cobertura, sem entretanto, prejudicar a soja. Assim, quanto maior a quantidade de massa das espĂ©cies de cobertura de inverno utilizadas, menor serĂĄ a infestação dessas invasoras, sem prejuĂzos significativos ĂĄ soja. Por fim, as espĂ©cies podem ser recomendadas para maiores estudos em campo como culturas de cobertura em grandes ĂĄreas no sistema de plantio direto.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale
The long-term impact of a program to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infections in a surgical intensive care unit
Dispersion of multi-walled carbon nanotubes in [BMIM]PF 6 for electrochemical sensing of acetaminophen
The influence of functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (fMWCNT) in the presence of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM]PF6) in different ratios was investigated on the acetaminophen (ACOP) electrochemical determination. The electrochemical behavior of the ACOP exhibited a pair of well-defined redox peaks, suggesting that the reversibility of ACOP was significantly improved in comparison to irreversible oxidation peak on bare GCE. The redox process was controlled by adsorption, involves two electrons and the value of apparent rate constant (ks) was equal to 14.7âŻs-1âŻÂ±âŻ3.6âŻs-1. The analytical curves were obtained for concentrations of ACOP ranging from 0.3 to 3.0âŻÎŒmolâŻL-1. The values of the detection limit were calculated from SWV and found to be 6.73âŻĂâŻ10-8âŻmolâŻL-1. The proposed electrochemical sensor exhibited good stability and reproducibility and was applied for ACOP determination in tablets (TylenolÂź and TylenolÂźDC) with satisfactory results.The authors gratefully acknowledge funding provided by the following Brazilian agencies: CNPq-INCT (Proc. 573925/2008-9 and 573548/2008-0), CAPES/Funcap (2133/2012/Proc. 23038.007973/2012-90), CNPq-PVE (Proc. 400223/2014-7 and 303596/2014-7), PRONEX/FUNCAP (Proc. PR2-0101-00030.01.00/15) and CNPq (Proc. 302801/2014-6). R.N. Gomes thanks CAPES and C.P. Sousa thanks CAPES-PNPD for their grants. The authors also are grateful to the Central AnalĂtica-UFC/CT-INFRA/MCTI-SISNANO/PrĂł-Equipamentos CAPES for technical support and Prof. Pierre BasĂlio Almeida Fechine and MsC. Davino Machado Andrade Neto for Zeta potential analysis.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
(Bio)Sensing Strategies Based on Ionic Liquid-Functionalized Carbon Nanocomposites for Pharmaceuticals: Towards Greener Electrochemical Tools
The interaction of carbon-based nanomaterials and ionic liquids (ILs) has been thoroughly exploited for diverse electroanalytical solutions since the first report in 2003. This combination, either through covalent or non-covalent functionalization, takes advantage of the unique characteristics inherent to each material, resulting in synergistic effects that are conferred to the electrochemical (bio)sensing system. From one side, carbon nanomaterials offer miniaturization capacity with enhanced electron transfer rates at a reduced cost, whereas from the other side, ILs contribute as ecological dispersing media for the nanostructures, improving conductivity and biocompatibility. The present review focuses on the use of this interesting type of nanocomposites for the development of (bio)sensors specifically for pharmaceutical detection, with emphasis on the analytical (bio)sensing features. The literature search displayed the conjugation of more than 20 different ILs and several carbon nanomaterials (MWCNT, SWCNT, graphene, carbon nanofibers, fullerene, and carbon quantum dots, among others) that were applied for a large set (about 60) of pharmaceutical compounds. This great variability causes a straightforward comparison between sensors to be a challenging task. Undoubtedly, electrochemical sensors based on the conjugation of carbon nanomaterials with ILs can potentially be established as sustainable analytical tools and viable alternatives to more traditional methods, especially concerning in situ environmental analysisThis work was financed by FEDERâFundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional funds through the COMPETE 2020âOperacional Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization (POCI), and by Portuguese funds through FCTâFundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia in the framework of the project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029547âPTDC/ASP-PES/29547/2017.
This work received support by UIDB/50006/2020, UIDP/50006/ 2020 and LA/P/0008/2020 by the Fundação para a CiĂȘncia e a Tecnologia (FCT), MinistĂ©rio da CiĂȘncia, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior (MCTES) through national funds. T.M.B.F. Oliveira thanks the Brazilian agencies CNPq (Proc. 420261/2018-4 and 308108/2020-5) and FUNCAP (Proc. BP4-0172-00111.01.00/20) for their financial support, and he is grateful to UFCA and CAPES (Finance code 001) for supporting his investigations. F.W.P. Ribeiro thanks all support provided by the UFCAâs Pro-Rectory of Research and Innovation and the funding provided by FUNCAP-BPI (Proc. BP4-0172-00150.01.00/20) and CNPq (Proc. 406135/2018-5). P. de Lima-Neto thanks the financial support received from CNPq projects 408626/2018-6 and 304152/2018-8 and FUNCAP project FCT-00141-00011.01.00/18. A. N. Correia thanks the financial support received from CNPq projects: 305136/2018-6 and 405596/2018-9info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Sensitive bi-enzymatic biosensor based on polyphenoloxidasesâgold nanoparticlesâchitosan hybrid filmâgraphene doped carbon paste electrode for carbamates detection
A bi-enzymatic biosensor (LACCâTYRâAuNPsâCS/GPE) for carbamates was prepared in a single step by electrodeposition of a hybrid film onto a graphene doped carbon paste electrode (GPE). Graphene and the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were morphologically characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and laser Doppler velocimetry. The electrodeposited hybrid film was composed of laccase (LACC), tyrosinase (TYR) and AuNPs entrapped in a chitosan (CS) polymeric matrix. Experimental parameters, namely graphene redox state, AuNPs:CS ratio, enzymes concentration, pH and inhibition time were evaluated. LACCâTYRâAuNPsâCS/GPE exhibited an improved MichaelisâMenten kinetic constant (26.9 ± 0.5 M) when compared with LACCâAuNPsâCS/GPE (37.8 ± 0.2 M) and TYRâAuNPsâCS/GPE (52.3 ± 0.4 M). Using 4-aminophenol as substrate at pH 5.5, the device presented wide linear ranges, low detection limits (1.68Ă10â 9 ± 1.18Ă10â 10 â 2.15Ă10â 7 ± 3.41Ă10â 9 M), high accuracy, sensitivity (1.13Ă106 ± 8.11Ă104 â 2.19Ă108 ± 2.51Ă107 %inhibition Mâ 1), repeatability (1.2â5.8% RSD), reproducibility (3.2â6.5% RSD) and stability (ca. twenty days) to determine carbaryl, formetanate hydrochloride, propoxur and ziram in citrus fruits based on their inhibitory capacity on the polyphenoloxidases activity. Recoveries at two fortified levels ranged from 93.8 ± 0.3% (lemon) to 97.8 ± 0.3% (orange). Glucose, citric acid and ascorbic acid do not interfere significantly in the electroanalysis. The proposed electroanalytical procedure can be a promising tool for food safety control
Metallochlorophylls of magnesium, copper and zinc: evaluation of the influence of the first coordination sphere on their solvatochromism and aggregation properties
In this study the role of different metal centers (magnesium, zinc and copper) on the enhancement of the hydrophilic character of metallochlorophylls, was evaluated. The solvatochromism as well as the aggregation process for these compounds in water/ethanol mixtures at different volume ratios were evaluated using Fluorescence, and Resonant Light Scattering (RLS) measurements, aiming to characterize the behavior of these compounds. Independently on the studied metallochlorophyll, the presence of at least 60% of water results in a considerable increase in the fluorescence emission, probably a direct consequence of a lower aggregation of these compounds, which is confirmed by the results from RLS measurements. Additionally, the results suggest that magnesium and zinc chlorophyll should be promising phototherapeutic agents for Photodynamic Therapy.No presente estudo, o papel de diferentes centros metĂĄlicos (magnĂ©sio, zinco e cobre) sobre o carĂĄter hidrofĂlico de metaloclorofilas foi avaliado. O solvatocromismo, assim como o processo de agregação para esses compostos, em misturas ĂĄgua/etanol foram avaliados usando medidas de fluorescĂȘncia e de espalhamento de luz ressonante (ELR), visando caracterizar o comportamento desses compostos. Independente da metaloclorofila estudada, a presença de ao menos 60% de ĂĄgua resulta em incremento considerĂĄvel na emissĂŁo de fluorescĂȘncia apresentada por esses compostos. Isso, provavelmente, Ă© uma conseqĂŒĂȘncia direta de uma menor agregação, o que Ă© confirmado pelos resultados de ELR. Adicionalmente, os resultados sugerem que as clorofilas de magnĂ©sio e de zinco devem ser promissores agentes fototerapĂȘuticos para emprego em Terapia FotodinĂąmica.FAPESPFundação AraucĂĄriaFAPEMIGCNPqNanobra
Economic impact of treatment for surgical site infections in cases of total knee arthroplasty in a tertiary public hospital in Brazil
The aim of this study was to estimate the additional cost of treatment of a group of nosocomial infections in a tertiary public hospital. A retrospective observational cohort study was conducted by means of analyzing the medical records of 34 patients with infection after total knee arthroplasty, diagnosed in 2006 and 2007, who met the criteria for nosocomial infection according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To estimate the direct costs of treatment for these patients, the following data were gathered: length of hospital stay, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and surgical procedures performed. Their costs were estimated from the minimum values according to the Brazilian Medical Association. The estimated cost of the antibiotics used was also obtained. The total length of stay in the ward was 976 days, at a cost of US 5,031.37. Forty-two debridement procedures were performed, at a cost of US 15,359.25. US 1,735.16 on vacuum assisted closure therapy, microsurgical flaps, implant removal, spacer use, and surgical revision. The total additional cost of these cases of hospital infection in 2006 and 2007 was of US$ 91,843.75. Based on that, we demonstrate that the high cost of treatment for hospital infections emphasizes the importance of taking measures to prevent and control hospital infection
Impact of restriction of cefepime use on the antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacilli related to healthcare-associated infections in an orthopedic hospital
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