Average Consensus in Multiagent Systems with the Problem of Packet Losses When Using the Second-Order Neighbors’ Information

This paper mainly investigates the average consensus of multiagent systems with the problem of packet losses when both the first-order neighbors’ information and the second-order neighbors’ information are used. The problem is formulated under the sampled-data framework by discretizing the first-order agent dynamics with a zero-order hold. The communication graph is undirected and the loss of data across each communication link occurs at certain probability, which is governed by a Bernoulli process. It is found that the distributed average consensus speeds up by using the second-order neighbors’ information when packets are lost. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods

Controlling Capillary-Driven Fluid Transport in Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices Using a Movable Valve

This paper describes a novel, strategy for fabricating the movable valve on paper-based microfluidic devices to manipulate capillary-driven fluids. The movable valve fabrication is first realized using hollow rivets as the-holding center it, control the paper channel in different layer movement that Jesuits in the :channel's connection or disconnection. The relatively simple Valve fabrication procedure is robust, Versatile, and, compatible with microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mu PADs) with differing levels of complexity. It is remarkable that the movable valve can be convenient and free to control fluid without the timing setting; advantages that make it user-friendly for untrained users to carry out the complex multistep operations. For the, performance of the Movable valve to be-verified, several different designs of mu PADs were tested and obtained with satisfactory results. In addition; in the proof-of-concept enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay experiments, we demonstrate the use of these valves in mu PADs for the successful analysis of samples of carcino-embryonic antigen, showing good sensitivity and reproducibility. We hope this technique will open new avenues for the fabrication of paper-based valves in an easily adoptable and widely available way on mu PADs and provide potential point-of-Care applications in the future.This paper describes a novel, strategy for fabricating the movable valve on paper-based microfluidic devices to manipulate capillary-driven fluids. The movable valve fabrication is first realized using hollow rivets as the-holding center it, control the paper channel in different layer movement that Jesuits in the :channel's connection or disconnection. The relatively simple Valve fabrication procedure is robust, Versatile, and, compatible with microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (mu PADs) with differing levels of complexity. It is remarkable that the movable valve can be convenient and free to control fluid without the timing setting; advantages that make it user-friendly for untrained users to carry out the complex multistep operations. For the, performance of the Movable valve to be-verified, several different designs of mu PADs were tested and obtained with satisfactory results. In addition; in the proof-of-concept enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay experiments, we demonstrate the use of these valves in mu PADs for the successful analysis of samples of carcino-embryonic antigen, showing good sensitivity and reproducibility. We hope this technique will open new avenues for the fabrication of paper-based valves in an easily adoptable and widely available way on mu PADs and provide potential point-of-Care applications in the future

4,5-Bis(4-meth­oxy­phen­oxy)phthalonitrile

The title compound, C22H16N2O4, was obtained unintentionally as the product of an attempted synthesis of a new phthalocyanine. The dihedral angles formed by the central benzene ring with the aromatic rings of the meth­oxy­phen­oxy groups are 85.39 (5) and 64.19 (5)°

The Expected Number of Background Disease Events during Mass Immunization in China

It is critical to distinguish events that are temporarily associated with, but not caused by, vaccination from those caused by vaccination during mass immunization. We performed a literature search in China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Pubmed databases. The number of coincident events was calculated based on its incidence rate and periods after receipt of a dose of hypothesized vaccine. We included background incidences of Guillain-Barre´ syndrome, anaphylaxis, seizure, sudden adult death syndrome, sudden cardiac death, spontaneous abortion, and preterm labour or delivery. In a cohort of 10 million individuals, 7.71 cases of Guillain-Barre´ syndrome would be expected to occur within six weeks of vaccination as coincident background cases. Even for rare events, a large number of events can be expected in a short period because of the large population targeted for immunization. These findings may encourage health authorities to screen the safety of vaccines against unpredictable pathogens