Sputtering ion source Final report, 29 Mar. - 30 Sep. 1963

Modified sputtering ion source analyses of solid

Ion Optics of Submicron Ion Beams

An electrostatic objective lens for focusing ion beams to very small diameters on a plane, conducting sample surface was designed. The lens can focus ions of either polarity in the decel-accel or accel-decel mode and collect and collimate secondary charged particles of either polarity emitted with low initial energy. Moreover, a microscopic mirror objective for visual observation of the sample surface in situ is incorporated in the electrostatic optics

Hawking Radiation for Non-minimally Coupled Matter from Generalized 2D Black Hole Models

It is well known that spherically symmetric reduction of General Relativity (SSG) leads to non-minimally coupled scalar matter. We generalize (and correct) recent results to Hawking radiation for a class of dilaton models which share with the Schwarzschild black hole non-minimal coupling of scalar fields and the basic global structure. An inherent ambiguity of such models (if they differ from SSG) is discussed. However, for SSG we obtain the rather disquieting result of a negative Hawking flux at infinity, if the usual recipe for such calculations is applied.Comment: 8 page

Comment on: ``Trace anomaly of dilaton coupled scalars in two dimensions''

The trace anomaly for nonminimally coupled scalars in spherically reduced gravity obtained by Bousso and Hawking (hep-th/9705236) is incorrect. We explain the reasons for the deviations from our correct (published) result which is supported by several other recent papers.Comment: 2 page