Regional Discrimination in P2P Lending of China

Through empirical analysis of individual micro data from one peer-to-peer lending platform, this paper aims to expand the research on regional discrimination in China\u27s P2P lending market from a new perspective. Descriptive statistics of orders and difference test of success rate show that, for cities of different grades, there is a huge difference in the success rate. The main empirical finding is that under the control of other factors, city grade has a significant positive effect on loan success rate, namely the success rate of cities developing better is higher, revealing the existence of regional discrimination. Further study find the default rate of less developed cities, whose success rate is lower, is relatively higher, which proves the regional discrimination here is a rational statistical discrimination

A Novel Deep Learning Framework for Internal Gross Target Volume Definition from 4D Computed Tomography of Lung Cancer Patients

In this paper, we study the reliability of a novel deep learning framework for internal gross target volume (IGTV) delineation from four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT), which is applied to patients with lung cancer treated by Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT). 77 patients who underwent SBRT followed by 4DCT scans were incorporated in a retrospective study. The IGTV_DL was delineated using a novel deep machine learning algorithm with a linear exhaustive optimal combination framework, for the purpose of comparison, three other IGTVs base on common methods was also delineated, we compared the relative volume difference (RVI), matching index (MI) and encompassment index (EI) for the above IGTVs. Then, multiple parameter regression analysis assesses the tumor volume and motion range as clinical influencing factors in the MI variation. Experimental results demonstrated that the deep learning algorithm with linear exhaustive optimal combination framework has a higher probability of achieving optimal MI compared with other currently widely used methods. For patients after simple breathing training by keeping the respiratory frequency in 10 BMP, the four phase combinations of 0%, 30%, 50% and 90% can be considered as a potential candidate for an optimal combination to synthesis IGTV in all respiration amplitudes

A Systematic Review of Technology Interventions for Justice-Involved People

More than 2.3 million people are held in incarceration in the US with a high recidivism rate, high substance use disorders (SUD) percentage, and 3 times higher HIV infection than normal Americans. Unfortunately, this group receives inadequate preparation opportunities and assistance during their reentry into their communities. Smartphones and other mobile devices are widely accessible for justice-involved people (JIP) post-incarceration despite the variations of socioeconomic groups. Mobile phone ownership reached 96% in 2019 in the US, 71% of the low-income population have smartphones. Hence, technology interventions may be a way to reach out to this group and effectively intervene and assist them with their needs. Multiple technology intervention studies for the post-incarceration period were identified for JIP. To the best of our knowledge, there are no systematic reviews that evaluated the effectiveness of the current technology interventions targeting the needs of JIP post-incarceration. The purpose of this research is to identify the gaps in the current knowledge base and determine new research questions to advance the technology interventions targeting JIP post-incarceration. To achieve our goal, we conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) checklist. The search queries include mobile phone or app or smartphone or “mobile app*” or mHealth or “mobile health” with incarcerat* or recidivis* or justice-involve* or jail or prison* or parole* or probat* or reentry, with either (SUD or OUD or substance use disorder*” or addict* or intervention) or (Job or employ* or housing or food or transport* or child* or *care or course* or financ* or support or educat*). We limited our search to (i) titles and abstracts, (ii) full-text English-language articles, (iii) published from 2010 (the smartphone era started in 2007 and had been prevailing since 2010) to 2021, (iv) in peer-reviewed journals and conferences. A total of 610 papers were identified, after removing duplicates and papers that do not meet the inclusion criteria, 22 papers were included for our literature review. Multiple technology interventions focused on SUD, HIV, other diseases, and their feasibility and effectiveness. Only a few interventions targeted job search, technical literacy, and case management. No study focused on other important areas, such as housing, financial support, childcare, food, and transportation. Three main research themes were identified: access to treatment, access to employment, and self-management support. In conclusion, mobile technology interventions are feasible and effective in assisting people post-incarceration. However, studies that were applied in isolation may limit the effectiveness of new interventions, because all the factors are dependent on each other. A holistic technology intervention platform to addresses different needs and provide diverse assistance simultaneously to support a successful reentry is recommended for future research

Investigating User Satisfaction: An Adaptation of IS Success Model for Short-term Use

Research studies investigating the acceptance of information systems mostly focused on systems designed for long-term use without considering systems designed for one-time or short-term use. However, systems designed for short-term use are part of the health information technology portfolio. We propose a theoretical model inspired by the D&M IS success model to investigate user satisfaction, as a measure of acceptance, with a web-based decision aid designed for short-term use to support “goals of care” decision-makers. We hypothesize that media richness, perceived social presence, and trust affect system quality and information quality, which affects user satisfaction and implementation outcomes. We propose a mixed-methods study to test our hypotheses using eye-tracking, surveys, and interviews

Investigating User Satisfaction: An Adaptation of IS Success Model for Short-term Use

Research investigating the acceptance of information systems mostly focuses on systems designed for long-term use, rather than one-time or short-term use. However, short-term use systems are part of the health information technology portfolio. We propose a theoretical model inspired by the D&M IS Success Model to investigate user satisfaction, as a measure of acceptance, with a web-based decision aid designed for short-term decision-making. We hypothesize that media richness affects perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, learnability, information quality, perceived social presence, and trust, which eventually affect user satisfaction. We propose a mixed method to test hypotheses using eye-tracking, surveys, and interviews. As a pilot qualitative study (N=8), the survey outcomes indicated that constructs performed well (mean 7-point Likert scores >= 5.15 and mean system usability scale = 75). The eye-tracking and interview results showed that participants prefer multimedia, and pictures and visual designs drew their attention to the decision aid website

Design and Evaluation of the Probation/Parole and Reentry Coach App (PARCA): A Platform to Support a Successful Reentry into Community

Justice-involved people (JIP), especially those with substance use disorder (SUD), face multiple challenges and inadequate resources as they re-enter their communities post-incarceration. Technology interventions have proven to be feasible in supporting this unique population. In this study, we applied iterative development methodology and user-centered design to develop and evaluate a technology artifact called Probation/Parole and Reentry Coach App (PARCA) composed of a JIP mobile app and justice team (JT) portal. PARCA assists recently released JIP with SUD with their reentry. We completed three feedback cycles involving healthcare and criminal justice experts and JIP (N=16) in design workshops, interviews, and usability studies. We collected and analyzed qualitative (semi-structured interviews) and quantitative (System Usability Scale and app use) data. As a pilot study that focuses on qualitative observations, the results indicate that PARCA provides an excellent usability experience for JIP (SUS scores>80) and is useful and satisfactory (based on qualitative responses)

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Effect of metformin on nonalcoholic fatty liver based on meta-analysis and network pharmacology

Background:  Whether metformin is related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is controversial. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between metformin and NAFLD that may predict the metformin potential of these lesions and new prevention strategies in NAFLD patients. Methods:  The meta-analysis was analyzed by Revman 5.3 softwares systematically searched for works published through July 29, 2022. Network pharmacology research based on databases, Cytoscape 3.7.1 software and R software respectively. Results:  The following variables were associated with metformin in NAFLD patients: decreased of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (mean difference [MD] = −10.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −21.85 to 0.16, P = .05); decreased of aspartate amino transferase (AST) level (MD = −4.82, 95% CI = −9.33 to −0.30, P = .04); decreased of triglyceride (TG) level (MD = −0.17, 95% CI = −0.26 to −0.08, P = .0002); decreased of total cholesterol (TC) level (MD = −0.29, 95% CI = −0.47 to −0.10, P = .003); decreased of insulin resistance (IR) level (MD = −0.42, 95% CI = −0.82 to −0.02, P = .04). In addition, body mass index (BMI) (MD = −0.65, 95% CI = −1.46 to 0.16, P = .12) had no association with metformin in NAFLD patients. 181 metformin targets and 868 NAFLD disease targets were interaction analyzed, 15 core targets of metformin for the treatment of NAFLD were obtained. The effect of metformin on NAFLD mainly related to cytoplasm and protein binding, NAFLD, hepatitis B, pathway in cancer, toll like receptor signaling pathway and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The proteins of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF1A), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (NFE2L2), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS3), nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 (NR3C1), PI3K catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA), and silencing information regulator 2 related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) may the core targets of metformin for the treatment of NAFLD. Conclusion:  Metformin might be a candidate drug for the treatment of NAFLD which exhibits therapeutic effect on NAFLD patients associated with ALT, AST, TG, TC and IR while was not correlated with BMI. HIF1A, NFE2L2, NOS3, NR3C1, PIK3CA, and SIRT1 might be core targets of metformin for the treatment of NAFLD