Selecting and Testing Cryptogam Species for Use in Wetland Delineation in Alaska

To support the determination of hydrophytic vegetation in wetland delineations in Alaska, USA, a series of tests were conducted to develop a group of “test positive” species to be used in a “cryptogam indicator.” In 2004, non-vascular cryptogam species (bryophytes, lichens, and fungi) from Interior and South-Central Alaska in the vicinities of Fairbanks and Anchorage were collected at a series of ten 50 × 50 cm plots along two 30 m transects in each of six upland and five wetland sites. Nineteen moss and liverwort species were selected from 86 species surveyed to test for wetland fidelity. In 2005, a plot-based analysis of frequency and cover data yielded a revised list of 17 bryophyte species that were specific to wetland communities dominated by black spruce, Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. Fungi and lichens were found to be inadequate wetland indicators in the sampled locations because the lichen species were sparsely distributed and the fungi were too ephemeral. The cryptogam indicator was thus restricted to bryophytes. Also in 2005, bryophytes were analyzed for their presence on microtopographic positions within the landscape, including tops of hummocks and hollows at the bases of hummocks. Upland bryophyte species were found on hummock tops inside the wetland boundary, but were not abundant in the hollows (p < 0.05). The fidelity of the species selected for use in the cryptogam indicator was tested. It was determined that if more than 50% of all bryophyte cover present in hollows is composed of one or more of the 17 wetland bryophytes tested in 2005, then vascular vegetation can be considered to be hydrophytic (p < 0.001).Afin d’étayer la présence de végétation hydrophytique dans les délimitations de zones humides de l’Alaska, aux États-Unis, une série de tests a été effectuée dans le but d’aboutir à un groupe d’espèces « de test positives » à utiliser avec un « indicateur de sporophyte ». En 2004, des espèces de sporophytes non vasculaires (bryophytes, lichens et champignons) de l’intérieur et du centre-sud de l’Alaska, aux environs de Fairbanks et d’Anchorage, ont été recueillies à une série de dix parcelles de 50 sur 50 cm le long de deux transects de 30 m dans chacun de six sites montagnards et de cinq sites humides. Dix-neuf espèces de mousse et d’hépatiques ont été choisies à partir de 86 espèces prélevées dans le but d’en déterminer la fidélité aux zones humides. En 2005, une analyse de fréquence de parcelles et des données de couverture ont permis d’obtenir la liste révisée de 17 espèces de bryophytes propres aux zones humides dominées par l’épinette noire, Picea mariana (P. Mill.) B.S.P. Nous avons constaté que les champignons et les lichens étaient des indicateurs de zones humides inadéquats aux sites échantillonnés parce que les espèces de lichen étaient réparties maigrement et que les champignons étaient trop éphémères. Par conséquent, l’indicateur de sporophytes a été restreint aux bryophytes. Également en 2005, nous avons analysé les bryophytes afin d’en déterminer la présence à des positions microtopographiques du paysage, ce qui comprenait le sommet de hummocks et les creux à la base de hummocks. Des espèces de bryophytes montagnardes ont été décelées aux sommets de hummocks à l’intérieur de la limite des zones humides, mais celles-ci n’abondaient pas dans les creux (p < 0.05). La fidélité des espèces choisies afin d’être utilisées dans l’indicateur de sporophytes a été testée. Nous avons déterminé que si plus de 50 % de toute la couverture de bryophyte présente dans les creux est composée de l’une ou plusieurs des 17 bryophytes de zones humides testées en 2005, la végétation vasculaire peut alors être considérée comme hydrophytique (p < 0,001)

Utilization of direct‐acting oral anticoagulation in solid organ transplant patients: A national survey of institutional practices

The safety and efficacy of direct‐acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and reversal strategies are not well established in the solid organ transplant population. This was a survey of pharmacists to assess DOAC and urgent reversal practices among adult transplant programs in the United States. A 27‐question survey was distributed to members of transplant pharmacy organization listservs between 5/28/19 and 6/30/19. A total of 115 responses were received from kidney (43.5%), heart (20.0%), lung (18.3%), liver (13.9%), and pancreas (4.4%) transplant programs. DOAC use prior to transplant was mostly prohibited in thoracic programs (77.3%) but more permissive in kidney transplant programs (64.0%). If permitted, apixaban (57.8%) was most preferred. At transplant surgery, reversal of DOAC was performed “as needed” (20.9%) or was not routine (18.3%). DOAC use post‐transplant was more permissive (94.3%). A majority of responders follow FDA recommended dosing in the setting of drug‐drug interactions (51.1%). Major factors influencing DOAC prescribing decisions included renal function, drug‐drug interactions, and insurance. High clinical practice variability exists regarding DOAC utilization and urgent reversal strategies in pre‐, peri‐, and post‐transplant stages. While more research is needed to refine the clinical landscape, many institutions are using DOAC therapy under the perception that they pose a similar risk of bleeding compared to a non‐transplant population.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155952/1/ctr13853_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/155952/2/ctr13853.pd

Results of preliminary reconnaissance trip to determine the presence of wetlands in wet forest habitats on the Island of Hawaii as part of the Hawaii Geothermal Project, October 1993

Report Number: DOE/OR/22109--T1In October 1993, the authors sampled soils, vegetation, and hydrology at eight sites representing a range of substrates, elevations, soil types, and plant community types within rainforest habitats on the Island of Hawaii. Their purpose was to determine whether any of these habitats were wetlands according to the 1987 Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. None of the rainforest habitats they sampled was wetland in its entirety. However, communities established on pahoehoe lava flows contained scattered wetlands in depressions and folds in the lava, where water could accumulate. Therefore, large construction projects, such as that associated with proposed geothermal energy development in the area, have the potential to impact a significant number and/or area of wetlands. To estimate those impacts more accurately, they present a supplementary scope of work and cost estimate for additional sampling in the proposed geothermal project area.U.S. Department of EnergyDOE Contract Number AI05-93OR2210

The National Wetland Plant List: 2013 wetland ratings

Volume: 2013-49Start Page: 1End Page: 24

ADDITIONS TO THE VASCULAR FLORA OF TETON COUNTY WYOMING USA

Volume: 40Start Page: 408End Page: 41

Epiphytes and the National Wetland Plant List

Volume: 2011-16Start Page: 1End Page: 3

The National Wetland Plant List: 2014 update of wetland ratings

Volume: 2014-41Start Page: 1End Page: 4