Incremental fast relevance vector regression model based multi-pollutant emission prediction of biomass cogeneration systems

Exact and trusty prediction of pollutant emissions is pivotal for optimal combustion control in biomass cogeneration systems, which possess multiple variables, high-volume data streams, and dynamic characteristics. Aiming at the multivariate dynamic systems, this paper extends a classical fast relevance vector regression (FRVR) algorithm into a multivariate form to accomplish synchronous multi-pollutant prediction. Meanwhile, a flexible and effective online training strategy is proposed to solve the problems of low accuracy of multi-step prediction and lack of dynamic updating capability. First, the given dataset is divided utilizing the k-means clustering method to enhance the clustering of similar features and expedite the prediction process. Then, the classical FRVR algorithm is extended into a multiple-output form, enabling the simultaneous prediction of multiple pollutant emissions. Moreover, the incremental learning method is introduced into the proposed multivariate FRVR model to improve its dynamic performance and online learning ability. Finally, the proposed method’s effectiveness is verified through a biomass cogeneration systems case. Experimental findings fully illustrate that the proposed method provides the lower RMSE and MAE while runtime decreases by 50% and R^2 reaches 96%. The proposed method significantly outperforms others, showing excellent potential in the pollutant prediction field

Two New Oleanane-Type Triterpenoids from Platycodi Radix and Anti-proliferative Activity in HSC-T6 Cells

Two new oleanane-type triterpenoids, named platycodonoids A and B (1, 2), together with five known saponins, including platycodin D (3), deapioplatycodin D (4), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl polygalacic acid (5), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin (6) and polygalacin D (7), were isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. On the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence, the structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2β,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxy-28-nor-olean-12-en-16-one (1) and 2β,3β,23,24- tetrahydroxy-28-nor-olean-12-en-16-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). Compounds 1–7 were evaluated for their in vitro anti-proliferative activity against the HSC-T6 cell line

Two New Oleanane-Type Triterpenoids from Platycodi Radix and Anti-proliferative Activity in HSC-T6 Cells

Two new oleanane-type triterpenoids, named platycodonoids A and B (1, 2), together with five known saponins, including platycodin D (3), deapioplatycodin D (4), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl polygalacic acid (5), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl platycodigenin (6) and polygalacin D (7), were isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. On the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence, the structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2β,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxy-28-nor-olean-12-en-16-one (1) and 2β,3β,23,24- tetrahydroxy-28-nor-olean-12-en-16-one-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). Compounds 1–7 were evaluated for their in vitro anti-proliferative activity against the HSC-T6 cell line

Carthami flos: a review of its ethnopharmacology, pharmacology and clinical applications

ABSTRACTCarthami flos, the dried floret of Carthamus tinctorius L., Asteraceae (safflower), has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat a broad range of ailments, such as coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, gynecologic disease, stroke, and hypertension. However, although several studies on Carthami flos have been done consecutively, the results are usually scattered across various documents. This review aims to provide up-to-date information on the traditional uses, pharmacology, clinical applications, and toxicology of Carthami flos in China and thereby to provide a basis for further investigation of its use to treat dissimilar diseases. Various ethnomedical uses of Carthami flos have been documented in many ancient Chinese books. Crude extracts and isolated compounds from Carthami flos show a broad range of pharmacological properties, such as protective effects on brain tissue, on osteoblasts, and in myocardial ischemia, as well as anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antitumor, and antidiabetic activities. To date, safflower and safflor yellow injections have been used to treat coronary heart disease, chronic pulmonary heart disease, cerebrovascular diseases, orthopedic diseases, and diabetes mellitus. Regarding the toxicology of Carthami flos, among the side effects that have been observed are allergic reaction, spermatogenetic failure, fatty liver, and nephrotoxicity

Article Two New Oleanane-Type Triterpenoids from Platycodi Radix and Anti-proliferative Activity in HSC-T6 Cells

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Polyphenols with Anti-Proliferative Activities from Penthorum Chinense Pursh

Two new polyphenols, penthorumin C (1) and 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone-4-O- [4ꞌ,6ꞌ-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose (2), along with four known polyphenolic acids, pinocembrin-7-O-[4ꞌꞌ,6ꞌꞌ-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose(3), pinocembrin-7-O-[3ꞌꞌ-O- galloyl- 4ꞌꞌ,6ꞌꞌ-hexahydroxydiphenoyl]-β-D-glucose (4), thonningianin A (5), and thonningianin B (6) were isolated from Penthourm chinense. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-proliferative activity in HSC-T6 cells, and 2 and 5 showed significant activity, with IC50 values of 12.7 and 19.2 μM, respectively

Computational Workflow to Study the Diversity of Secondary Metabolites in Fourteen Different Isatis Species

The screening of real features among thousands of ions remains a great challenge in the study of metabolomics. In this research, a workflow designed based on the MetaboFR tool and “feature-rating” rule was developed to screen the real features in large-scale data analyses. Seventy-four reference standards were used to test the feasibility, with 83.21% of real features being obtained after MetaboFR processing. Moreover, the full workflow was applied for systematic characterization of 14 species of the genus Isatis, with the result that 87.72% of real features were retained and 69.19% of the in-source fragments were removed. To gain insights into metabolite diversity within this plant family, 1697 real features were tentatively identified, including lipids, phenylpropanoids, organic acids, indole derivatives, etc. Indole derivatives were demonstrated to be the best chemical markers with which to differentiate different species. The rare existence of indole derivatives in Isatis cappadocica (cap) and Isatis cappadocica subsp. Steveniana (capS) indicates that the biosynthesis of indole derivatives could play a key role in driving the chemical diversity and evolution of genus Isatis. Our workflow provides the foundations for the exploration of real features in metabolomics, and has the potential to reveal the chemical composition and marker metabolites of secondary metabolites in plant fields