Possible Evidence For Axino Dark Matter In The Galactic Bulge

Recently, the SPI spectrometer on the INTEGRAL satellite observed strong 511 keV line emission from the galactic bulge. Although the angular distribution (spherically symmetric with width of \sim 9 degree) of this emission is difficult to account for with traditional astrophysical scenarios, light dark matter particles could account for the observation. In this letter, we consider the possibility that decaying axinos in an R-parity violating model of supersymmetry may be the source of this emission. We find that \sim 1-300 MeV axinos with R-parity violating couplings can naturally produce the observed emission.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. Version accepted by Physical Review

Resonance and frequency-locking phenomena in spatially extended phytoplankton-zooplankton system with additive noise and periodic forces

In this paper, we present a spatial version of phytoplankton-zooplankton model that includes some important factors such as external periodic forces, noise, and diffusion processes. The spatially extended phytoplankton-zooplankton system is from the original study by Scheffer [M Scheffer, Fish and nutrients interplay determines algal biomass: a minimal model, Oikos \textbf{62} (1991) 271-282]. Our results show that the spatially extended system exhibit a resonant patterns and frequency-locking phenomena. The system also shows that the noise and the external periodic forces play a constructive role in the Scheffer's model: first, the noise can enhance the oscillation of phytoplankton species' density and format a large clusters in the space when the noise intensity is within certain interval. Second, the external periodic forces can induce 4:1 and 1:1 frequency-locking and spatially homogeneous oscillation phenomena to appear. Finally, the resonant patterns are observed in the system when the spatial noises and external periodic forces are both turned on. Moreover, we found that the 4:1 frequency-locking transform into 1:1 frequency-locking when the noise intensity increased. In addition to elucidating our results outside the domain of Turing instability, we provide further analysis of Turing linear stability with the help of the numerical calculation by using the Maple software. Significantly, oscillations are enhanced in the system when the noise term presents. These results indicate that the oceanic plankton bloom may partly due to interplay between the stochastic factors and external forces instead of deterministic factors. These results also may help us to understand the effects arising from undeniable subject to random fluctuations in oceanic plankton bloom.Comment: Some typos errors are proof, and some strong relate references are adde

Surface Analysis of Alloy 22 Coupons Exposed for five years to Concentrated Ground Waters

Alloy 22 (N06022) is the candidate material for the corrosion resistant, outer barrier of the nuclear waste container. Two of the potential corrosion degradation modes of the container are uniform corrosion and localized corrosion. A testing program at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is being carried out for Yucca Mountain to determine the susceptibility of Alloy 22 to these two forms of corrosion using long-term immersion tests. Metallic coupons were exposed to several electrolyte solutions simulating concentrated ground water from pH 3 to 10 at 60 C and 90 C. This paper summarizes results on the characteristics of the surface deposits as well as the corrosion rate of 122 coupons of Alloy 22 obtained after more than a five-year exposure. The surface deposits consisted primarily of salt components in the respective solutions. Results showed little general corrosion and the absence of localized (crevice) corrosion

BRST Analysis of Physical States for 2D (Super) Gravity Coupled to (Super) Conformal Matter

We summarize some recent results on the BRST analysis of physical states of 2D gravity coupled to c<=1 conformal matter and the supersymmetric generalization.Comment: 11 page

Non-linear Structures in Non-critical NSR String

We investigate the Ward identities of the \W_{\infty} symmetry in the super-Liouville theory coupled to the super-conformal matter of central charge ${\hat c}_M = 1-2(p-q)^2 /pq$. The theory is classified into two chiralities. For the positive chirality, all gravitationally dressed scaling operators are generated from the $q-1$ gravitational primaries by acting one of the ring generators in the R-sector on them repeatedly. After fixing the normalizations of the dressed scaling operators, we find that the Ward identities are expressed in the form of the {\it usual} \W_q algebra constraints as in the bosonic case: \W^{(k+1)}_n \tau =0, $(k=1,\cdots,q-1 ;~ n \in {\bf Z}_{\geq 1-k})$, where the equations for even and odd $n$ come from the currents in the NS- and the R-sector respectively. The non-linear terms come from the anomalous contributions at the boundaries of moduli space. The negative chirality is defined by interchanging the roles of $p$ and $q$. Then we get the \W_p algebra constraints.Comment: 22 pages, Latex file, YITP/U-94-16, UT-Komaba/94-1

Frictional drag between quantum wells mediated by phonon exchange

We use the Kubo formalism to evaluate the contribution of acoustic phonon exchange to the frictional drag between nearby two-dimensional electron systems. In the case of free phonons, we find a divergent drag rate ($\tau_{D}^{-1}$). However, $\tau_{D}^{-1}$ becomes finite when phonon scattering from either lattice imperfections or electronic excitations is accounted for. In the case of GaAs quantum wells, we find that for a phonon mean free path $\ell_{ph}$ smaller than a critical value, imperfection scattering dominates and the drag rate varies as $ln (\ell_{ph}/d)$ over many orders of magnitude of the layer separation $d$. When $\ell_{ph}$ exceeds the critical value, the drag rate is dominated by coupling through an electron-phonon collective mode localized in the vicinity of the electron layers. We argue that the coupled electron-phonon mode may be observable for realistic parameters. Our theory is in good agreement with experimental results for the temperature, density, and $d$-dependence of the drag rate.Comment: 45 pages, LaTeX, 8 postscript file figure

SALT FOG TEST OF SAM2X5 COATED STAINLESS STEEL CYLINDER

A salt fog test of an iron-based amorphous metal, SAM2X5, coated Type 316L stainless steel (SS316L) cylinder was made. The cylinder was 30-inch diameter by 88-inch long, and 3/8-inch thick. One end was welded shut with a SS316L end cap before coating. The body of the cylinder and the end cap were both coated. The cylinder was coated with SAM2X5 by the HVOF thermal spray process. The coating thickness was 0.015-inch to 0.019-inch thick. The cylinder was tested in a horizontal position. Also included in the test for reference purposes were five coupons (2-inch x 2-inch x 1/8-inch) of uncoated Type 1018 carbon steel (1018CS). The test used an abbreviated form of GM 9540P. Each cycle was 6 hours in duration and the cylinder and reference samples were exposed to a total of eight cycles. The cylinder was in relatively good condition after the test. Along the body of the cylinder only two pinpoint spot sized signs of rust were seen. The 1018CS reference specimens were extensively rusted