Effects of alkyl chain length of acrylates on sizing properties of grafted feather keratin

In this study, sizing properties of grafted feather keratin for high polyester content warp yarns have been improved bypreparing a series of feather keratin-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylate) through grafting acrylate monomers with various alkylchain lengths and hydrophilic monomer [acrylic acid (AA)] onto molecular chains of native feather keratin. The feed molarratio of AA/acrylate is kept constant during the preparation. Effects of alkyl chain length of acrylate monomers on sizingproperties of feather keratin-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylate) to polyester/cotton(65/35) blended warp yarns has been studiedin terms of tensile strength & elongation, abrasion resistance, and hairiness. The grafting of acrylates onto the molecularchains of feather keratin significantly improves the sizing properties of grafted feather keratin. With the increase in alkylchain length, the tensile strength, tensile elongation, and abrasion resistance of the sized yarns are improved, while thehairiness amount is increased. Acrylate monomers with different alkyl chain lengths during the preparation of graftedfeather keratin sizes can be selected according to various requirements for high polyester content warp yarns

In utero Exposure to Atrazine Disrupts Rat Fetal Testis Development

Atrazine (ATR) is a commonly used agricultural herbicide and a potential endocrine disruptor that may cause testicular dysgenesis. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of atrazine on fetal testis development after in utero exposure. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged daily with vehicle (corn oil, control) or atrazine (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg body weight/day) from gestational day 12 to 21. Atrazine dose-dependently decreased serum testosterone levels of male pups, with a significant difference from the control recorded at a dose of 100 mg/kg. In addition, atrazine significantly increased fetal Leydig cell aggregation at a dose of 100 mg/kg. Atrazine increased fetal Leydig cell number but not Sertoli cell number. However, atrazine down-regulated Scarb1 and Cyp17a1 in the fetal Leydig cell per se and Hsd17b3 and Dhh in the Sertoli cell per se. These results demonstrated that in utero exposure to atrazine disrupted rat fetal testis development

Effects of alkyl chain length of acrylates on sizing properties of grafted feather keratin

474-482In this study, sizing properties of grafted feather keratin for high polyester content warp yarns have been improved by preparing a series of feather keratin-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylate) through grafting acrylate monomers with various alkyl chain lengths and hydrophilic monomer [acrylic acid (AA)] onto molecular chains of native feather keratin. The feed molar ratio of AA/acrylate is kept constant during the preparation. Effects of alkyl chain length of acrylate monomers on sizing properties of feather keratin-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylate) to polyester/cotton(65/35) blended warp yarns has been studied in terms of tensile strength & elongation, abrasion resistance, and hairiness. The grafting of acrylates onto the molecular chains of feather keratin significantly improves the sizing properties of grafted feather keratin. With the increase in alkyl chain length, the tensile strength, tensile elongation, and abrasion resistance of the sized yarns are improved, while the hairiness amount is increased. Acrylate monomers with different alkyl chain lengths during the preparation of grafted feather keratin sizes can be selected according to various requirements for high polyester content warp yarns

Modeling and Dynamic Characteristics of a Novel High-Pressure and Large-Flow Water Hydraulic Proportional Valve

In the field of fully mechanized coal mining equipment, the hydraulic valve used in the hydraulic support is an on/off directional valve. There are many problems caused by the valve such as large pressure shock and discontinuous flow control. Therefore, a novel two-position three-way hydraulic proportional valve suitable for high-pressure and large-flow conditions is proposed to overcome the above problems. The novel valve utilizes a two-stage structure and the displacement follow-up principle is adopted between the pilot stage and the main stage to meet proportional control. In this paper, a simulation model of the novel proportional valve was established after a simplified analysis of the structural principle. Its reliability and the feasibility of the design were verified by the test results under different working conditions. Then, the step response characteristics of the proportional valve under different strokes were predicted and analyzed. Nonlinear characteristics were presented, and the closing time was shorter than the opening time because of the influence of nonlinear flow force. Under different ramp signals, the displacement of the main inlet spool was always approximately equal to the displacement of the pilot stage. Then, the motion relationship between the pilot stage and the main stage was studied, and the influence of the structural parameters on the stability was analyzed

Modeling and Dynamic Characteristics of a Novel High-Pressure and Large-Flow Water Hydraulic Proportional Valve

In the field of fully mechanized coal mining equipment, the hydraulic valve used in the hydraulic support is an on/off directional valve. There are many problems caused by the valve such as large pressure shock and discontinuous flow control. Therefore, a novel two-position three-way hydraulic proportional valve suitable for high-pressure and large-flow conditions is proposed to overcome the above problems. The novel valve utilizes a two-stage structure and the displacement follow-up principle is adopted between the pilot stage and the main stage to meet proportional control. In this paper, a simulation model of the novel proportional valve was established after a simplified analysis of the structural principle. Its reliability and the feasibility of the design were verified by the test results under different working conditions. Then, the step response characteristics of the proportional valve under different strokes were predicted and analyzed. Nonlinear characteristics were presented, and the closing time was shorter than the opening time because of the influence of nonlinear flow force. Under different ramp signals, the displacement of the main inlet spool was always approximately equal to the displacement of the pilot stage. Then, the motion relationship between the pilot stage and the main stage was studied, and the influence of the structural parameters on the stability was analyzed

Height measurement method of hydraulic support based on multi-sensor data fusio

In view of problems that height measurement of hydraulic support on fully mechanized coal mining face was difficult and measurement result was not accurate, taking two-column shield hydraulic support as an example, expression of hydraulic support height was derived which was calculated by use of hydraulic support attitude angle measured by tilt angle sensor. In order to reduce cumulative error of hydraulic support height measurement caused by angle measurement error of the tilt angle sensor, a height measurement method of hydraulic support based on multi-sensor data fusion was proposed. The method uses batch estimation algorithm and self-adaptive weighting algorithm to fuse hydraulic support height data respectively calculated by angle measured by tilt angle sensor at shield beam or front link. The experimental results show that height measurement error of the method is not more than 0.3 mm for 623.2 mm hydraulic support prototype, and accuracy is improved 1 mm in comparison with height measurement based on single tilt angle sensor

3-D optical networks-on-chip (NoC) for multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoC

Abstract — Networks-on-chip (NoC) is emerging as a key onchip communication architecture for multiprocessor systemson-chip (MPSoC). In traditional electronic NoCs, high bandwidth can be obtained by increasing the number of parallel metallic wires at the cost of more energy consumption. Optical NoCs are thus proposed to achieve low-power ultra-highbandwidth data transmission in optical domain. Electronic control technology could be a complement to the optical networks. Besides NoCs, three-dimensional integrated circuits (3D ICs) are another attractive solution for system performance improvement by reducing the interconnect length. The investigation of using 3D IC as a platform for the realization of mixed-technology electronic-controlled optical NoC has not been addressed until recently. In this paper, we propose a 3D electronic-controlled optical NoC implemented in a TSV-base

MR-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation of small breast tumors

Abstract Background To evaluate the technical success and patient safety of magnetic resonance-guided percutaneous microwave coagulation (MR-guided PMC) for breast malignancies. Methods From May 2018 to December 2019, 26 patients with breast tumors measuring 2 cm or less were recruited to participate in a prospective, single-institution clinical study. The primary endpoint of this study was the evaluation of treatment efficacy for each patient. Histochemical staining with α-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reduced (NADH)-diaphorase was used to determine cell viability following and efficacy of PMC. The complications and self-reported sensations from all patients during and after ablation were also assessed. The technical success of the PMC procedure was defined when the area of the NADH-diaphorase negative region fully covered the hematoxylin–eosin (H&E) staining region in the tumor. Results All patients had a complete response to ablation with no residual carcinoma on histopathological specimen. The mean energy, ablation duration, and procedure duration per tumor were 36.0 ± 4.2 kJ, 252.9 ± 30.9 S, and 104.2 ± 13.5 min, respectively. During the ablation, 14 patients underwent prolonged ablation time, and 1 patient required adjusting of the antenna position. Eleven patients had feelings of subtle heat or swelling, and 3 patients experienced slight pain. After ablation, one patient took two painkillers because of moderate pain, and no patients had postoperative oozing or other complications after PMC. Induration around the ablation area appeared in 16 patients. Conclusion MR-guided PMC of small breast tumors is feasible and could be applied in clinical practice in the future. Critical relevance statement MR-guided PMC of small breast tumors is feasible and could be applied in clinical practice in the future. Key points • MR-guided PMC of small breast tumors is feasible. • PMC was successfully performed for all patients. • All patients were satisfied with the final cosmetic result. Graphical Abstrac