Distinct physicochemical characteristics of different beef from Qinchuan cattle carcass

A total of 30 Qinchuan cattle were used to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of beef from three different parts of cattle carcass, namely longissimus dorsi (LD), serratus ventralis (SV) and semitendinosus (ST). Multiple parameters were ranked in the descending order of ST > SV > LD, and include muscle pH, protein, ash, drip loss, cooking loss, shear force and hydroxyproline (Hyp). In contrast, water, fat, lightness (L*) and redness (a*) was in the opposite order. C18:1 and C16:0 were the main intramuscular fatty acids (FA), and C19 - C22 were undetectable. The saturated fatty acids (SFA) content were ranked in the descending order of LD > SV > ST, whereas unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) were the opposite. The essential amino acid (EAA) content were ranked in the descending order of ST > SV ≥ LD. No significant differences in the contents of mineral elements were observed in LD, SV and ST. The ranking patterns were similar in both males and females. Taken together, these results revealed significant differences in physicochemical properties of LD, SV and ST, except the mineral elements.Key words: Cattle, Qinchuan breed, carcass, different beef, physicochemical characteristics

By-example Synthesis of Compactly Stored Textures

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel by-example texture synthesis algorithm. Unlike most present algorithms whose synthesized textures of different sizes must be stored in memory until rendering, our results are compactly stored as paths of the generative graphs. This is achieved by adapting the graph-based synthesis framework to be suitable for arbitrary types of textures. Two synthesis processes are carried out successively to grow the texture strip by strip to the desired horizontal and vertical dimensions, each of which is cast as a constrained shortest path problem that can be solved efficiently by our proposed algorithm. The strips are formed by consecutive cuts which are precomputed in the preprocessing step, and are selected with a redesigned mechanism accounting for both global and local matching errors. The variances make the graph-based synthesis framework also applicable to a wide variety of textures besides architectural textures, and the synthesis quality for them is greatly improved

Intelligent spectrum control in heterogeneous networks with high security capability

In this letter, an intelligent spectrum control (ISC) scheme is proposed to enhance the communication security performance in heterogeneous networks (Het-Nets), where the available spectrum can be efficiently managed by avoiding interferences flexibly with the aid of spectrum sensing technique. We analyze the security performance for the Het-Nets, and derive the closed-form expressions for the reliable transmission probability and the secrecy probability of the authorized user. Our numerical simulation results validate the accuracy of the analytical expressions, and imply that the Het-Nets with the ISC scheme can achieve a high security performance

An innovative vehicle-mounted GPR technique for fast and efficient monitoring of tunnel lining structural conditions

AbstractThe health status of a railway tunnel should be regularly inspected during its service period to ensure safe operation. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) has been used as a key technique for tunnel detection; however, so far, the measurements of GPR are only obtainable in contact mode. Such methods cannot meet the requirements of the operational tunnel disease census and regular inspections. Therefore, a new method—vehicle-mounted GPR with long-range detection—has been developed. It consists of six channels. The distance from its air-launched antenna to the tunnel lining is approximately 0.93 m–2.25 m. The scanning rate of each channel is 976 1/s. When the sampling point interval is 5 cm, the maximum speed can reach up to 175 km/h. With its speed and air-launched antenna, this system has a significant advantage over existing methods. That is, for an electrified railway, there is no need for power outages. Indeed, the proposed system will not interrupt normal railway operation. Running tests were carried out on the Baoji–Zhongwei and Xiangfan–Chongqing railway lines, and very good results were obtained