5,192 research outputs found
DiPlomat: A Dialogue Dataset for Situated Pragmatic Reasoning
Pragmatic reasoning plays a pivotal role in deciphering implicit meanings
that frequently arise in real-life conversations and is essential for the
development of communicative social agents. In this paper, we introduce a novel
challenge, DiPlomat, aiming at benchmarking machines' capabilities on pragmatic
reasoning and situated conversational understanding. Compared with previous
works that treat different figurative expressions (e.g. metaphor, sarcasm) as
individual tasks, DiPlomat provides a cohesive framework towards general
pragmatic understanding. Our dataset is created through the utilization of
Amazon Mechanical Turk ( AMT ), resulting in a total of 4, 177 multi-turn
dialogues. In conjunction with the dataset, we propose two tasks, Pragmatic
Identification and Reasoning (PIR) and Conversational Question Answering (CQA).
Experimental results with state-of-the-art (SOTA) neural architectures reveal
several significant findings: 1) large language models ( LLMs) exhibit poor
performance in tackling this subjective domain; 2) comprehensive comprehension
of context emerges as a critical factor for establishing benign human-machine
interactions; 3) current models defect in the application of pragmatic
reasoning. As a result, we call on more attention to improve the ability of
context understanding, reasoning, and implied meaning modeling
Phase-locked scroll waves defy turbulence induced by negative filament tension
Scroll waves in a three-dimensional media may develop into turbulence due to negative tension of the filament. Such negative tension-induced instability of scrollwaves has been observed in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction systems. Here we propose a method to restabilize scroll wave turbulence caused by negative tension in three-dimensional chemical excitable media using a circularly polarized (rotating) external field. The stabilization mechanism is analyzed in terms of phase-locking caused by the external field, which makes the effective filament tension positive. The phase-locked scrollwaves that have positive tension and higher frequency defy the turbulence and finally restore order. A linear theory for the change of filament tension caused by a generic rotating external field is presented and its predictions closely agree with numerical simulations
The Nullity of Bicyclic Signed Graphs
Let \Gamma be a signed graph and let A(\Gamma) be the adjacency matrix of
\Gamma. The nullity of \Gamma is the multiplicity of eigenvalue zero in the
spectrum of A(\Gamma). In this paper we characterize the signed graphs of order
n with nullity n-2 or n-3, and introduce a graph transformation which preserves
the nullity. As an application we determine the unbalanced bicyclic signed
graphs of order n with nullity n-3 or n-4, and signed bicyclic signed graphs
(including simple bicyclic graphs) of order n with nullity n-5
Why a local moment induces an antiferromagnetic ordering: An RVB picture
Based on a Gutzwiller projected BCS wavefunction, it is shown that a local
S=1/2 moment is present around a vacancy site (zinc impurity) in a form of
staggered magnetic moments, which is a direct consequence of the short-ranged
resonating-valence-bond (RVB) pairing in the spin background.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
High-Q exterior whispering gallery modes in a metal-coated microresonator
We propose a kind of plasmonic whispering gallery modes highly localized on
the exterior surface of a metal-coated microresonator. This exterior (EX)
surface mode possesses high quality factors at room temperature, and can be
efficiently excited by a tapered fiber. The EX mode can couple to an interior
(IN) mode and this coupling produces a strong anti-crossing behavior, which not
only allows conversion of IN to EX modes, but also forms a long-lived
anti-symmetric mode. As a potential application, the EX mode could be used for
a biosensor with a sensitivity high up to 500 nm per refraction index unit, a
large figure of merit, and a wide detection range
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