A Joint Network Coding and Scheduling Algorithm in Wireless Network

Network coding (NC) is an emerging technique of packet forwarding thatencodes packets at relay node in order to increase network throughput. It is understoodthat the performance of NC is strongly dependent on the physical layer as well as theMAC layer, and greedy coding method may in fact reduce the network throughputowing to the reduction in the spatial reuse. In this paper, we propose a NC-awarescheduling method combining link aggregation to improve the network throughput byconsidering the interplay between NC and spatial reuse. Simulation resultsdemonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed link aggregation method compared withthe unicast transmission model

24 GHZ frequency modulation continuous wave radar front end system on substrate

Introduction -- Front-end system design -- Radar antenna design -- SIW/SIC mixers and surface-volume integration -- Integration of system-on-substrate and system experiments -- Conclusion and future work

A Survey on Off-chain Networks: Frameworks, Technologies, Solutions and Challenges

Blockchain has received increasing attention in academia and industry. However, the increasing transaction volumes and limited on-chain storage underscore scalability as a key challenge hindering the widespread adoption of blockchain. Fortunately, off-chain networks that enable transactions outside the blockchain show promising potential to mitigate the scalability challenge. Off-chain solutions that address blockchain scalability hurdles, such as payment channel networks, facilitate secure and fast off-chain transactions, thus relieving the main chain's strain. In this article, we provide a comprehensive review of key technologies, solutions, and challenges of off-chain networks. First, we introduce the background of off-chain networks encompassing design motivation, framework, overview, and application scenarios. We then review the key issues and technologies associated with off-chain networks. Subsequently, we summarize the mainstream solutions for the corresponding key issues. Finally, we discuss some research challenges and open issues in this area.Comment: 30 pages, 5 figure

LHPP promotes the intracellular reactive oxygen species accumulation and sensitivity of gastric cancer to cisplatin via JNK and p38 MAPK pathways

Background. Cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapy drug for the treatment of gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, GC patients who are resistant to cisplatin often do not benefit from it. Therefore, finding a key molecule that affects cisplatin sensitivity is expected to enhance the efficacy of cisplatin in GC treatment. Methods. The human GC cell lines SGC-7901 and BGC-823 were used. The protein chip array was used to screen the cisplatin-resistance genes from the complete response and non-complete response GC patients’ tissues, then, the differential gene expression analysis, GO function annotation analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed. The GC tissue chip in the GEO database was analyzed to screen the target gene. Flow cytometry, Hoechst 33342 staining assay, Western Blot, MTT, tumor sphere formation, cell cycle, and apoptosis assays were performed to explore the effect of Phospholysine Phosphohistidine Inorganic Pyrophosphate Phosphatase (LHPP) on the apoptosis, stemness, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation of cisplatin-resistant GC cells treated with cisplatin. In vivo, the cisplatin-resistant GC cell lines transfected with pcDNA-LHPP or si-LHPP were injected subcutaneously into mice to construct GC subcutaneous xenograft GC models. Results. Based on protein chip array and bioinformatics analysis, it was found that LHPP is the core molecule in the cisplatin resistance regulatory network in GC, and its expression is down-regulated in GC cisplatin-resistant tissues and cells. In vitro and in vivo experimental results show that the up-regulated expression of LHPP is closely related to the increase in sensitivity of GC to cisplatin. Mechanically, we found that overexpression of LHPP may inhibit the activation of the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, promote cisplatininduced ROS accumulation, suppress stemness, and enhance the sensitivity of GC to cisplatin. Conclusions. Up-regulation of LHPP may inhibit the activation of the JNK and p38 MAPK pathways, attenuate stemness, and enhance the accumulation of intracellular ROS, thereby promoting cisplatin-mediated GC cell apoptosis and enhancing cisplatin sensitivity

Intelligent-Reflecting-Surface-Assisted UAV Communications for 6G Networks

In 6th-Generation (6G) mobile networks, Intelligent Reflective Surfaces (IRSs) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as promising technologies to address the coverage difficulties and resource constraints faced by terrestrial networks. UAVs, with their mobility and low costs, offer diverse connectivity options for mobile users and a novel deployment paradigm for 6G networks. However, the limited battery capacity of UAVs, dynamic and unpredictable channel environments, and communication resource constraints result in poor performance of traditional UAV-based networks. IRSs can not only reconstruct the wireless environment in a unique way, but also achieve wireless network relay in a cost-effective manner. Hence, it receives significant attention as a promising solution to solve the above challenges. In this article, we conduct a comprehensive survey on IRS-assisted UAV communications for 6G networks. First, primary issues, key technologies, and application scenarios of IRS-assisted UAV communications for 6G networks are introduced. Then, we put forward specific solutions to the issues of IRS-assisted UAV communications. Finally, we discuss some open issues and future research directions to guide researchers in related fields

Analysis of the effects of curvature and thickness on elastic wave velocity in cornea-like structures by finite element modeling and optical coherence elastography

Wave models that have been used to extract the biomechanical properties of the cornea from the propagation of an elastic wave are based on an assumption of thin-plate geometry. However, this assumption does not account for the effects of corneal curvature and thickness. This study conducts finite element (FE) simulations on four types of cornea-like structures as well as optical coherence elastography (OCE) experiments on contact lenses and tissue-mimicking phantoms to investigate the effects of curvature and thickness on the group velocity of an elastic wave. The elastic wave velocity as determined by FE simulations and OCE of a spherical shell section decreased from ∼2.8 m/s to ∼2.2 m/s as the radius of curvature increased from 19.1 mm to 47.7 mm and increased from ∼3.0 m/s to ∼4.1 m/s as the thickness of the agar phantom increased from 1.9 mm to 5.6 mm. Both the FE simulation and OCE results confirm that the group velocity of the elastic wave decreases with radius of curvature but increases with thickness. These results demonstrate that the effects of the curvature and thickness must be considered in the further development of accurate wave models for reconstructing biomechanical properties of the cornea