Effects of the initial water curing time on the corrosion behavior of steel bar corrosion in fly ash concrete

AbstractConcrete specimens made of 30% fly ash (FA) replacement ratio and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) were fabricated to study the effects of the initial water curing time on the corrosion behavior of the embedded steel bar. The specimens were cured in water tank for 5days, 7days, 14days and 28days respectively at a normal temperature of 20□, then taken out and stored at an indoor natural environment. At the exposure time of 60days, 120days and 180days, steel bars' corrosion current densities icorr, corrosion potentials Ecorr in FA and OPC concrete specimens and their electrical resistivities ρc were tested. Results indicate that the initial wet curing time has important effects on steel bars' corrosion behaviors in both FA concrete and OPC concrete. With the increase of the initial wet curing time, steel bars' icorr all tend to decrease and Ecorr tend to increase. The longer the initial wet curing time, the higher the protective ability of FA concrete, compared to OPC concrete. Under the normal temperature, the shorter initial wet curing time of 5days and 7days for FA concrete showed worse protective ability than OPC concrete. However, when the initial wet curing time surpasses 14days, FA concrete behaves better than OPC concrete

Statistical analysis of fast hard X-ray bursts by SMM observations and microwave bursts by ground-based observations

In order to understand the relationship between fast hard X-ray bursts (HXRB) and microwave bursts (MWB), data were used from the following publications: NASA Technical Memorandum 84998; Solar Geological Data (1980 to 1983); monthly report of Solar Radio Emission; and NASA and NSF: Solar Geophysical Data (1980 to 1983). For analyzing individual events, the criterion of the same event for HXRB and MWB is determined by peak time difference. There is a good linear correlation between the physical parameter of HXRB and MWB

Lepton-flavored electroweak baryogenesis

We explore lepton-flavored electroweak baryogenesis, driven by CP-violation in leptonic Yukawa sector, using the τ−μ system in the two Higgs doublet model as an example. This setup generically yields, together with the flavor-changing decay h→τμ, a tree-level Jarlskog invariant that can drive dynamical generation of baryon asymmetry during a first-order electroweak phase transition and results in CP-violating effects in the decay h→ττ. We find that the observed baryon asymmetry can be generated in parameter space compatible with current experimental results for the decays h→τμ, h→ττ, and τ→μγ, as well as the present bound on the electric dipole moment of the electron. The baryon asymmetry generated is intrinsically correlated with the CP-violating decay h→ττ and the flavor-changing decay h→τμ, which thus may serve as “smoking guns” to test lepton-flavored electroweak baryogenesis

Correlating Gravitational Waves with WW-boson Mass, FIMP Dark Matter, and Majorana Seesaw Mechanism

We study a minimal extension of the Standard Model by introducing three right-handed neutrinos and a new scotogenic scalar doublet, in which the mass splittings between neutral and charged components are responsible for the $W$-boson mass newly measured by the CDF collaboration. This model can not only generate non-vanishing Majorana neutrino masses via the interaction of right-handed neutrinos and scotogenic scalars, but also explain the Universe's missing matter in the form of FIMP dark matter. We also study the influence of the mass splitting on the first order electroweak phase transition, and find that it can further enhance the transition strength and thus induce gravitational waves during the phase transition, which may be detected in the forthcoming detectors such as U-DECIGO.Comment: References updated, accepted for publication in Science Bulleti

Methotrexate nanoparticle delivery system for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in pediatric patients

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of methotrexate (MTX) nanoparticles in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods: In this randomized, open-label clinical study, 28 pediatric patients with moderate to severe IBD were randomly assigned to treatment (MTX  nanoparticles,15 mg/week) or control (azathioprine, AZA, 2 mg/kg/day) group.  Nanoparticles were synthesized by adding calcium chloride to sodium alginate solution containing MTX, and was further treated with poly-L-lysine aqueous  solution. The nanoparticles were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential and drug encapsulation efficacy. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, and disease activity scores were used to assess IBD remission.Results: Nanoparticle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficacy were 164.4 ± 6.9 nm, -32.6 ± 3.7 mV, and 97.8 ± 4.2 %, respectively. After 12 weeks of therapy, the mean Pediatric Crohn's Disease Activity Index (PCDAI) scores for control and treatment groups were 22.3 ± 2.14 and 16.8 ± 1.87, respectively, while mean Pediatric Ulcerative Colitis Activity (PUCAI) Index scores were 24.3 ± 1.47 and18.7 ± 1.92, respectively. Eight patients in the treatment and five patients in the control group achieved remission. Biochemical parameters varied significantly between the groups.Conclusion: MTX nanoparticles are safe and more effective than standard first-line IBD therapy. However, further studies are required to determine the suitability of the formulation for therapeutic use.Keywords: Pediatric patient, Methotrexate nanoparticle, Inflammatory bowel disease, Azathioprin