Pattern Division Multiple Access with Large-scale Antenna Array

In this paper, pattern division multiple access with large-scale antenna array (LSA-PDMA) is proposed as a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme. In the proposed scheme, pattern is designed in both beam domain and power domain in a joint manner. At the transmitter, pattern mapping utilizes power allocation to improve the system sum rate and beam allocation to enhance the access connectivity and realize the integration of LSA into multiple access spontaneously. At the receiver, hybrid detection of spatial filter (SF) and successive interference cancellation (SIC) is employed to separate the superposed multiple-domain signals. Furthermore, we formulate the sum rate maximization problem to obtain the optimal pattern mapping policy, and the optimization problem is proved to be convex through proper mathematical manipulations. Simulation results show that the proposed LSA-PDMA scheme achieves significant performance gain on system sum rate compared to both the orthogonal multiple access scheme and the power-domain NOMA scheme.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, this paper has been accepted by IEEE VTC 2017-Sprin

Towards Hard-Positive Query Mining for DETR-based Human-Object Interaction Detection

Human-Object Interaction (HOI) detection is a core task for high-level image understanding. Recently, Detection Transformer (DETR)-based HOI detectors have become popular due to their superior performance and efficient structure. However, these approaches typically adopt fixed HOI queries for all testing images, which is vulnerable to the location change of objects in one specific image. Accordingly, in this paper, we propose to enhance DETR's robustness by mining hard-positive queries, which are forced to make correct predictions using partial visual cues. First, we explicitly compose hard-positive queries according to the ground-truth (GT) position of labeled human-object pairs for each training image. Specifically, we shift the GT bounding boxes of each labeled human-object pair so that the shifted boxes cover only a certain portion of the GT ones. We encode the coordinates of the shifted boxes for each labeled human-object pair into an HOI query. Second, we implicitly construct another set of hard-positive queries by masking the top scores in cross-attention maps of the decoder layers. The masked attention maps then only cover partial important cues for HOI predictions. Finally, an alternate strategy is proposed that efficiently combines both types of hard queries. In each iteration, both DETR's learnable queries and one selected type of hard-positive queries are adopted for loss computation. Experimental results show that our proposed approach can be widely applied to existing DETR-based HOI detectors. Moreover, we consistently achieve state-of-the-art performance on three benchmarks: HICO-DET, V-COCO, and HOI-A. Code is available at https://github.com/MuchHair/HQM.Comment: Accepted by ECCV202

Kriging analysis on CPTU data from offshore wind farm

publishedVersio

Biochemistry nanosensor based on hybrid metallic nanostructure array

A biochemistry nanosensor based on hybrid metallic nanostructure array was put forward in this paper. The hybrid metallic nanostructure array consists of two types Ag nanostuctures, spherical and pyramidal structures with the same period. A biochemistry sensor experiment is demonstrated by detecting the transmittance spectra of hybrid metallic nanostructure using Sciencetech spectrophotometer. The wave peaks of transmittance spectra have shifts when the metallic periods and the refractive index of Ag nanostuctures are different

Accumulation of cinnamic acid and vanillin in eggplant root exudates and the relationship with continuous cropping obstacle

The contents of cinnamic acid and vanillin in eggplant root exudates and soil were determined by HPLC. The results showed that cinnamic acid and vanillin might remain in soil after the root of eggplant is released. With the extending growth stage and planting year of eggplant, the contents in root exudates, rhizosphere and continuous cropping soil increased. In bioassay and field studies, the allelopathy of cinnamic acid and vanillin to the verticillium wilt (V. dahliae) and the eggplant was observed, and when the concentration of cinnamic acid or vanillin was at 1 and 4mmol ⇦ -1, it inhibited the eggplant growth, while the occurrence of verticillium wilt was promoted. A high concentration of cinnamic acid and vanillin caused eggplant autotoxicity and increased the risk of disease infection, which finally led to continuous cropping obstacle.Keywords: Cinnamic acid, vanillin, root exudates, soil, verticillium wilt, continuous cropping obstacl

Plant defense negates pathogen manipulation of vector behavior

1. Although many vector‐borne plant pathogens can alter vector behaviour to the pathogen\u27s benefit, how plants might counter such manipulation is unknown. 2. In the Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (‘TYLCV’)–Bemisia tabaci–tomato interaction, TYLCV‐mediated changes in Bemisia feeding improves viral uptake and transmission. We tested how jasmonic acid (‘JA’), a central regulator of plant antiherbivore defences, affected the ability of TYLCV to (A) manipulate Bemisia behaviour; and (B) infect plants. 3. Viruliferous Bemisia fed much more than virus‐free whiteflies on JA‐deficient plants, more than virus‐free whiteflies on controls, and similarly on high‐JA plants. 4. When TYLCV was transmitted via whiteflies, infection levels were lower in high‐JA plants relative to JA‐deficient and control plants. When TYLCV was transmitted via direct injection, JA‐overexpressed and JA‐deficient plants had similar infection levels. The JA‐mediated cessation of vector manipulation thus reduced infection and lessened pathogen impact. 5. The presence of the JA pathway in many plant species suggests that similar interactions may be widespread in nature

Hybrid metallic nanoparticles for excitation of surface plasmon resonance

A Ag nanostructure was put forward in this paper. There are two types of Ag nanoparticles, spherical and pyramidal particles. Both of them have the same period, but different height and shapes. The hybrid nanoparticles can produce the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which couples each other and leads to an extra peak transmission. Our UV-visible-IR spectrophotometer measurement results show that some extra small and sharp peaks appear besides the normal LSPR wave peaks in the transmittance spectrum. The hybrid Ag nanoparticles being used as nanosensors will be more sensitive and selective than the conventional LSPR-based nanosensors. © 2007 American Institute of Physics

Development of Near-Isogenic Lines in a Parthenogenetically Reproduced Thrips Species, \u3cem\u3eFrankliniella occidentalis\u3c/em\u3e

Although near-isogenic lines (NILs) can standardize genetic backgrounds among individuals, it has never been applied in parthenogenetically reproduced animals. Here, through multiple rounds of backcrossing and spinosad screening, we generated spinosad resistant NILs in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), with a haplo-diploid reproduction system. The resultant F. occidentalis NIL-R strain maintained a resistance ratio over 30,000-fold, which was comparable to its parental resistant strain, Spin-R. More importantly, F. occidentalis NIL-R shared 98.90% genetic similarity with its susceptible parental strain Ivf03. By developing this toolset, we are able to segregate individual resistance and facilitate the mechanistic study of insecticide resistances in phloem-feeding arthropods, a group of devastating pest species reproducing sexually as well as asexually