Reliability Parameter Interval Estimation of NC Machine Tools considering Working Conditions

Aiming at the problem that the parameter interval estimation of NC machine tool’s reliability model considering working conditions established by Hongzhou is difficult to implement, given that it has several independent variables, an improved interval estimation method based on Bootstrap is proposed. Firstly, the two-step estimation method was used to calculate the point estimation of NC machine tool’s reliability parameter in test field, based on which B resamplings are generated based on the point estimation. The reliability parameter’s point estimation of the resamplings was obtained by maximum likelihood estimation. Permutation of B point estimations was made in ascending order and the interval estimations were obtained by the α quantile of the permutation. Case study indicated that the location and length of the interval estimation of NC machine tools’ reliability parameter, under different levels of working condition covariates, vary obviously

Clinical observation and management of COVID-19 patients

Three leading infectious disease experts in China were invited to share their bedside observations in the management of COVID-19 patients. Professor Taisheng Li was sent to Wuhan to provide frontline medical care. He depicts the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, he observes the significant abnormality of coagulation function and proposes that the early intravenous immunoglobulin and low molecular weight heparin anticoagulation therapy are very important. Professor Hongzhou Lu, a leader in China to try various anti-viral drugs, expresses concern on the quality of the ongoing clinical trials as most trials are small in scale and repetitive in nature, and emphasizes the importance of the quick publication of clinical trial results. Regarding the traditional Chinese medicine, Professor Lu suggests to develop a creative evaluation system because of the complicated chemical compositions. Professor Wenhong Zhang is responsible for Shanghai’s overall clinical management of the COVID-19 cases. He introduces the team approach to manage COVID-19 patients. For severe or critically ill patients, in addition to the respiratory supportive treatment, timely multiorgan evaluation and treatment is very crucial. The medical decisions and interventions are carefully tailored to the unique characteristics of each patient

Site occupancy and photoluminescence properties of a novel deep-red-emitting phosphor NaMgGdTeO6:Mn4+ with perovskite structure for w-LEDs

A novel kind of deep red-emitting phosphor NaMgGdTeO6:Mn4+ prepared by a high-temperature solid-state reaction method is reported in this article. Rietveld refinement for the representative NaMgGdTeO6 host showed that its crystal structure is isostructural with that of the NaMgLaTeO6 compound. XRD measurements for the representative samples indicated a pure phase for the as-prepared phosphors and the successful introduction of Mn4+ into this matrix. Under UV or blue excitation, the NaMgGdTeO6:0.01Mn(4+) shows a narrow emission band ranging from 12,500 cm(-1) (800 nm) to 16,667 cm(-1) (606 nm) centered at 14,347 cm(-1) (697 nm), which has been attributed to the Mn4+ spin and parity-forbidden transition E-2(g)->(4)A(2g). Monitored at 697 nm, the phosphor exhibits a wide excitation band from 40,000 cm(-1) (250 nm) to 16,667 cm(-1) (600 nm) with four Gaussian peaks at 31,546 cm(-1) (317 nm), 28,329 cm(-1) (353 nm), 24,630 cm(-1) (406 nm), and 20,833 cm(-1) (480 nm), corresponding to the O2--> Mn4+ charge-transfer transition and the Mn4+ spin-allowed transitions (4)A(2g)-> T-4(1g), (4)A(2g)-> T-2(2g) and (4)A(2g)-> T-4(2g), respectively, which can match well with commercial UV and blue chips. The optimal Mn4+-doping percentage for this phosphor was determined to be NaMgGdTeO6:0.01Mn(4+) with a quantum yield of 41.19% upon 365 nm excitation. Concentration quenching took place with further Mn4+-concentration increase in NaMgGdTeO6:Mn4+, where the energy transfer mechanism was analyzed to be an electronic dipoledipole interaction. Moreover, the luminescent decay times monitored at 697 nm showed a reasonable decrease with increasing Mn4+ concentration. The time-resolved emission spectra and decay times monitored at 680 and 720 nm of NaMgGdTeO6:0.01Mn(4+) led to the distinguishing of two kinds of Mn4+ sites in the crystal structure. In addition, the temperature-dependent luminescence properties illustrated a good luminescence thermal stability. These results suggest that this kind of phosphor can be considered as a supplement of the red component for w-LEDs

FRIOD: a deeply integrated feature-rich interactive system for effective and efficient outlier detection

In this paper, we propose an novel interactive outlier detection system called feature-rich interactive outlier detection (FRIOD), which features a deep integration of human interaction to improve detection performance and greatly streamline the detection process. A user-friendly interactive mechanism is developed to allow easy and intuitive user interaction in all the major stages of the underlying outlier detection algorithm which includes dense cell selection, location-aware distance thresholding, and final top outlier validation. By doing so, we can mitigate the major difficulty of the competitive outlier detection methods in specifying the key parameter values, such as the density and distance thresholds. An innovative optimization approach is also proposed to optimize the grid-based space partitioning, which is a critical step of FRIOD. Such optimization fully considers the high-quality outliers it detects with the aid of human interaction. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that FRIOD can improve the quality of the detected outliers and make the detection process more intuitive, effective, and efficient

Numerical investigation on effects of fringing reefs on low-frequency oscillations within a harbor

The low-frequency (LF) oscillations inside an elongated rectangular harbor near the offshore fringing reef excited by bi-chromatic short wave groups are simulated using a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model. Based on a LF wave analysis procedure, effects of reef-face slope and reef ridge on the maximum LF wave amplitude, the free and the bound LF waves and their relative components inside the harbor are investigated systematically under the conditions of the 2nd to the 5th modes and wave breaking occurring over the reef. Results show that the variation trends of the maximum LF wave amplitude and the free LF wave amplitude with respect to the reef-face slope are almost identical with each other for all the four modes studied in this paper, no matter whether the reef ridge exists or not. For the 4th and 5th modes, the reef ridge has obvious influences on the LF waves inside the harbor. Under these two modes, the existence of the reef ridge always decreases the bound LF wave amplitude and its ratio to the free LF wave amplitude inside the harbor, while its influences on the maximum LF wave amplitude and the free LF wave amplitude both depend on the reef-face slope

Distribution of Propranolol in Periocular Tissues: A Comparison of Topical and Systemic Administration

Purpose: Oral propranolol has become a promising treatment of capillary hemangiomas (CHs) despite concerns of side effects associated with systemic beta-blockers. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of propranolol in periocular tissues and in plasma after topical application of propranolol as compared with intravenous and oral administration of propranolol. Methods: Each rabbit received propranolol as ophthalmic solution (1%) in one eye (1.5 mg dose), intravenous injection (1.5 mg dose), or commercially available propranolol oral solution (5 mg dose). The periocular tissues (e.g., eyelids and extraocular muscles) and blood were collected and assayed for propranolol. Results:After topical instillation of 1.5 mg propranolol, high amounts of propranolol were rapidly delivered to the eyelids and extraocular muscles (4−32 μg/g at 1 h after dosing). The drug in these tissues was slowly cleared, and significant amounts of the drug (\u3e0.4 μg/g) were still present at 24 h after the topical application. After oral administration of a clinically relevant dose of 5 mg propranolol, the drug concentrations in the periocular tissues were relatively low ( Conclusions: Topical administration can provide increased concentrations of propranolol in the periocular tissues and, thus, is superior to systemic administration for the treatment of periocular CH

Numerical investigation on effects of fringing reefs on low-frequency oscillations within a harbor

The low-frequency (LF) oscillations inside an elongated rectangular harbor near the offshore fringing reef excited by bi-chromatic short wave groups are simulated using a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model. Based on a LF wave analysis procedure, effects of reef-face slope and reef ridge on the maximum LF wave amplitude, the free and the bound LF waves and their relative components inside the harbor are investigated systematically under the conditions of the 2nd to the 5th modes and wave breaking occurring over the reef. Results show that the variation trends of the maximum LF wave amplitude and the free LF wave amplitude with respect to the reef-face slope are almost identical with each other for all the four modes studied in this paper, no matter whether the reef ridge exists or not. For the 4th and 5th modes, the reef ridge has obvious influences on the LF waves inside the harbor. Under these two modes, the existence of the reef ridge always decreases the bound LF wave amplitude and its ratio to the free LF wave amplitude inside the harbor, while its influences on the maximum LF wave amplitude and the free LF wave amplitude both depend on the reef-face slope

A parametric method to estimate environmental energy efficiency with non-radial adjustment: an application to China

To estimate the performance of China in terms of energy use efficiency during the first two decades of the twenty-first century while also taking into consideration pollutant emission, this study uses a panel data set covering 30 provincial administrative regions in mainland China for the period 2000–2016. To overcome problems with the DEA-based method, this study proposes an SFA-based model that can estimate environmental energy efficiency while maintaining the regularity constraints imposed on undesirable output, by using Bayesian technique. Our empirical results show that the average value of environmental energy efficiency during the whole sample period changed from 0.7858 in 2000 to 0.7726 in 2016, with an average value of 0.7812 over the whole period. This result is in sharp contrast with findings based on the often-used GDP/energy and GDP/undesirable output indexes, both of which show an improving trend over same sample period. This study suggests that more sophisticated indexes should be used to evaluate meaningful energy efficiency and environmental protection-related performance

Prevalence of hyperglycemia among adults with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS in China

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of hyperglycemia among HIV-infected persons who are not receiving antiretroviral therapy is unknown. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to estimate the prevalence of hyperglycemia among Chinese adults with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS. METHODS: Two thousand and six newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients from 10 provinces and municipalities in China were selected during 2009 to 2010. After an overnight fast, serum samples were collected to measure glucose concentrations. Demographics and medical histories were recorded. Factors associated with the presence of diabetes were analysed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Among the 2006 patients, 75.67% were male. Median age was 40 years (range: 18–86 years). 19.99% had hyperglycemia, 9.47% had impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and 10.52% had diabetes. The prevalences of hyperglycemia, of IFG and of diabetes were 21.54%, 10.28% and 11.27% among men and 15.16%, 6.97% and 8.20% among women, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes increased with increasing age (7.00%, 13.36% and 21.21% among patients who were 18–40, 40–60, and ≥60 years of age respectively) and with decreasing CD4 count (6.74%, 8.45%, 9.69%, and 12.66% among patients with CD4 count of ≥350, 200–350, 50–200, and < 50/mm(3) respectively). The prevalence of diabetes was higher among ethnic minority patients than among the Han patients (14.37% versus 9.24%). The logistic analysis showed that older age, lower CD4 count and minority ethnicity were significantly associated with an increased risk of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperglycemia is highly prevalent among Chinese adults with newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS. Older age, lower CD4 count and minority ethnicity are associated with increased risk of diabetes. All newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS individuals should be routinely evaluated for hyperglycemia