Nutrient Uptake and Utilization and Antioxidants of Fruits in Red Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Cultivar ‘Autumn Bliss’ in response to Fertilization under Extended Photoperiod

Annual-fruiting cultivars of red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) complete its entire cycle of vegetative growth, flowering, and fruiting in one growing season, which has not been well studied in response to treatments of photoperiod and fertilization. In this study, micro-propagated plantlets of ‘Autumn Bliss’ were planted in a greenhouse at Dalian, Northeast China. Some were treated with fertilizers at the rate of 12 g per plant (N-P2O5-K2O, 14-14-14) under extended photoperiod of 17 h with PPFD of 240 μmol m-2 s-1 at dark-time (Pho.+Fert.), while others were treated with longer photoperiod (Pho.) or with the control. Compared to the control, both growth and biomass in shoot part of ‘Autumn Bliss’ were promoted by the Pho.+Fert. treatment, but foliar nutrients declined as the symptom of nutrient dilution. The Pho. treatment had no effect on either growth or nutrient uptake in leaves, resulting in the symptom of nutrient depletion compared to the Control. Soil P availability positively correlated with foliar P concentration but negatively correlated with root length. Only the Pho.+Fert. treatment resulted in the advance of fruiting by two months at July when fruits were measured to have acceptable fruit weight of about 3 g and contents of anthocyanin at ~26.4 mg cyaniding-3-glucoside equiv. 100 g-1 Fw and total phenolic content at ~17.5 mg GAE 100 g-1 Fw

Management and planning of a collaborative construction planning process

Construction planning is performed in a multi-disciplinary environment in which it is crucial to explore interdependencies, manage the uncertainty of the information exchange and the understanding of the context. Current construction planning often works on a “throw over the wall” basis - plans are developed only or mainly for control purpose, and ignore the “how” aspect. Construction method planning is treated as a linear process and isolated from information and logistics management. Planners are often puzzled by information; they usually receive a large amounts of formal and informal communications with different formats, some of which are not relevant to their role. The quality of the information received is also often poor (i.e. incomplete design information). In order to deal with the uncertainty caused by insufficient information, guesses are frequently made in the planning process, which neither the initial planner, nor the downstream planner will later check. They are usually ignored and left until execution of the plan, when the problems reveal themselves. This paper argues the importance of effective management of information flow in a planning process and the need to improve the management and planning of construction planning. A collaborative planning process model using a dependency structure matrix tool to manage and optimize the construction planning process is presented

Theory and technical conception of carbon-negative and high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines

Safe, high-efficient, green and low-carbon mining is an eternal theme of coal mines. Near zero rock burst, near zero ecological damage and low-carbon, zero-carbon and carbon-negative green mining will become new requirements to ensure China's energy security supply and green low-carbon development. Backfill mining is the inevitable way to achieve these requirements. However, the existing theories, technologies, and methods of backfill mining are difficult to overcome the technical bottlenecks of high yield, high efficiency, and low-carbon mining, and it is imperative to reform the filling materials and filling modes. In view of the strategic goal of low-carbon coal mining of “kilometer deep mine resource development and ten-million-ton productivity mine filling (two thousands) ” and “near zero ecological damage and near zero rock burst (two near zeros)”. The definition and concept of carbon-negative & high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines has been systematically expounded, and the theoretical development for carbon-negative & high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines has been proposed, including the topological configuration and strength theory of CGIF (CO2 Gangue Innovative Framework) for high porosity filling materials structure, the carbon sequestration theory of CGIF mixture filling body, the reaction kinetics theory of fast adhesive gel bonding material, and the prevention and control of rock burst by filling mining in mining area. The key technical systems have been proposed, such as the preparation technology of gangue fast and efficient cementation high porosity filling material, the green and efficient preparation technology of fast and efficient cementation gel binding material, the negative carbon efficient filling mining technology of CGIF backfill, the negative carbon efficient filling mining technology, the technology of multi-face mining, and the full cycle three-dimensional efficient filling mining and rock burst prevention technology. On this basis, the “three stage” development plan of “basic research, technical research, and engineering demonstration” for carbon-negative & high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines has been clarified, and a theoretical and technical system for carbon-negative & high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines has been constructed. The CO2 storage capacity with carbon-negative & high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines has been evaluated. It is expected to achieve a new pattern of carbon neutrality in the entire process of coal development and utilization through carbon-negative mining and low-carbon utilization

Construction of Quality Evaluation Systems for Coffee Beans and Their Application to Chinese Coffee Beans

In order to explore quality evaluation methods for Chinese coffee beans for freshly ground coffee and instant coffee and to select evaluation indicators, the major quality indicators were selected from the basic quality indicators through the Delphi evaluation method and sequence relationship analysis to construct a quality index system. Then the differences in the major quality indicators of 53 coffee bean samples from different production areas in Yunnan and Hainan provinces were determined, the characteristic quality indicators of coffee beans for different purposes were selected by correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis, and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was conducted based on the comprehensive scores of the principal components of the samples. Finally, grain size, taste, aroma and carbohydrate content were selected as the characteristic quality indicators of instant coffee and grain size, taste, aroma and caffeine content as the characteristic quality indicators of freshly ground coffee. It is determined that the major varieties suitable for instant coffee are Catimor and Typica, and the major production area is Yunnan province. The major variety suitable for freshly ground coffee is Catimor, and the major production area is Yunnan province

Characteristic gene expression in the liver monocyte-macrophage-DC system is associated with the progression of fibrosis in NASH

BackgroundThe monocyte-macrophage-dendritic cell (DC) (MMD) system exerts crucial functions that may modulate fibrogenesis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In this study, we explored the cell characteristics, distribution and developmental trajectory of the liver MMD system in NASH mice with fibrosis and clarified characteristic genes of the MMD system involved in liver fibrosis progression in NASH mice and patients.MethodsSingle cells in liver tissue samples from NASH and normal mice were quantified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the MMD system by pseudotime analysis were validated by tyramide signal amplification (TSA)-immunohistochemical staining (IHC) and analyzed by second harmonic generation (SHG)/two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF).ResultsCompared with control mice, there were increased numbers of monocytes, Kupffer cells, and DCs in two NASH mouse models. From the transcriptional profiles of these single cells, we identified 8 monocyte subsets (Mono1-Mono8) with different molecular and functional properties. Furthermore, the pseudotime analysis showed that Mono5 and Mono6 were at the beginning of the trajectory path, whereas Mono2, Mono4, Kupffer cells and DCs were at a terminal state. Genes related to liver collagen production were at the late stage of this trajectory path. DEGs analysis revealed that the genes Fmnl1 and Myh9 in the MMD system were gradually upregulated during the trajectory. By TSA-IHC, the Fmnl1 and Myh9 expression levels were increased and associated with collagen production and fibrosis stage in NASH mice and patients.ConclusionsOur transcriptome data provide a novel landscape of the MMD system that is involved in advanced NASH disease status. Fmnl1 and Myh9 expression in the MMD system was associated with the progression of NASH fibrosis

Food Frontiers : An academically sponsored new journal

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