Anxiety in patients under electrophysiological interventions and related factors

زمینه و هدف: مداخلات الکتروفیزیولوژیک یکی از جدیدترین روش‌های تشخیص و درمان دیس‌ریتمی‌ها هستند که می‌توانند همانند دیگر روش‌های تهاجمی موجب اضطراب بیماران گردند. اضطراب از این جهت حائز اهمیت است که می تواند باعث کاهش اثربخشی مداخله گردد؛ لذا این مطالعه با هدف بررسی میزان اضطراب بیماران تحت مداخلات تشخیصی و درمانی الکتروفیزیولوژیک و شناسایی عوامل فردی و بالینی مرتبط با آن صورت گرفته است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی که به صورت مقطعی انجام شد، 72 نفر از بیماران در انتظار مداخلات تشخیصی و درمانی الکتروفیزیولوژیک بستری در بیمارستان دکتر حشمت شهر رشت به روش تدریجی از اردیبهشت تا مرداد ماه سال 1392 انتخاب و وارد مطالعه شدند. داده های پژوهش با استفاده از ابزاری 2 بخشی شامل پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی– بالینی و ابزار اضطراب و افسردگی بیمارستانی (فقط بخش اضطراب این ابزار) به روش مصاحبه و مشاهده یافته های ثبت شده در پرونده در محدوده زمانی 5-3 ساعت قبل از مداخله الکتروفیزیولوژی گردآوری شدند. یافته ها: بین میانگین نمره اضطراب نمونه ها با جنسیت ارتباط معناداری وجود داشت و میانگین اضطراب در زنان به طور معناداری بیش از مردان بود (001/0≥P). همبستگی معکوس معناداری نیز بین میانگین نمره اضطراب نمونه ها با سن آنان (03/0>P و 255/0-=r) به دست آمد؛ بدین ترتیب که نمرات اضطراب نمونه ها با افزایش سن آنان کاهش می یافت. نتیجه گیری: بر اساس نتایج این مطالعه پرستاران باید کنترل اضطراب را در بیماران زن و در سنین جوان تر با دقت بیشتری مورد توجه قرار دهند تا بتوان با کنترل اضطراب این افراد، به اثر بخشی بیشتر مداخلات الکتروفیزیولوژیک دست یافت

Predictors of intention to quit smoking among hospital male personnel

Smoking is the most preventable cause of premature death in the world and its disadvantages impose heavy financial burden on the health system. Among the behavioral models of health education, the most applicable one in smoking cessation is Transtheoretical Model (TTM). This study aimed to detect the predictors of smoking cessation among hospital male personnel. The participants were 200 current and former smokers Personnel working at four hospitals. The instruments included decisional balance scale, self-efficacy scale, processes of change scale (behavioral and experiential), and stages of change which were completed by self-report. Descriptive statistics analysis showed that 66.5% of participants were located in the earlier stages of change. Bivariate spearman correlations showed that self-efficacy, processes of change and decisional balance were significantly correlated with the stage of change. Besides, ordinal regression revealed that experiential processes of change, self-efficacy and behavioral processes were the strongest predictors for the change stages of smoke cessation. The current study revealed that the readiness to quit smoking is significantly predicted by the mechanisms of self-efficacy and the process of change such as environment reevaluation, stimulus control and counter conditioning, which can lead to positive progress in the change stages of smoke cessation. The findings of this study showed that using TTM for smoking cessation would be very effective in improving readiness to quit smoking among hospitals personnel

Study the relationship between medical sciences students' self-esteem and academic achievement of Guilan university of medical sciences

Background: Achievement of productivity and improvement of quality in the educational system is the effective, influential factors for countries development. Academic achievement is the main objective of the training program and the most important concerns of teachers, education officials, and university Student's families. Self-esteem is one of the factors affecting student academic achievement. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between self-esteem and academic achievement in Medical Sciences students of in 2014–2015. Subjects and Methods: This is a descriptive–correlational study. In this study, 537 university students were selected using random stratified sampling method from Guilan University of Medical Sciences in 2014–2015. Data were collected using the standard self-esteem questionnaire of Cooper Smith consisting of four elements (general, social, familial, and educational) and a demographic questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive statistics such as Spearman correlation and Logistic Regression. Results: The results indicated a significant relationship between grade point average and educational self-esteem (P = 0.002, r = 0.135) and global self-esteem (P = 0.02, r = 0.102). There was also a significant relationship between composite Index educational status and general self-esteem (P = 0.019, r = 0.102) and academic achievement (P = 0.007, r = 0.116) and global self-esteem (P = 0.020, r = 0.102). Conclusions: According to the results, the highest mean score of self-esteem was related to the familial element, and the lowest average was in terms of social self-esteem, therefore, given the importance and necessity of self-esteem in academic achievement, strengthening of all aspects of self-esteem is suggested

Evaluation of childbirth self-efficacy and associated factors among pregnant women

BACKGROUND: Increasing the rate of Normal Vaginal Delivery (NVD) and reducing elective cesarean section is one of the important concerns, especially in Iran. Childbirth self-efficacy can play an important role in managing the fear of childbirth and increasing the rate of NVD. The aim of this study was to determine demographic, fertility, and social factors related to childbirth self-efficacy.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a single-group, single-stage, multivariate, cross-sectional study that assessed childbirth self-efficacy and associated factors in 358 eligible pregnant women with gestational age of 37 weeks and over in Guilan (North Iranian province) from November 2018 to July 2019. Data collection was performed based on consecutive sampling method from the pregnant women referring to the prenatal clinic. Data collection tools included a demographic and reproductive characteristics questionnaire; Lowe's childbirth self-efficacy Inventory and Zimet's perceived social support multidimensional questionnaire.RESULTS: There was a significant relationship between the educational level of pregnant women and Outcome Expectancy (OE) and Self-efficacy Expectancy (EE) and also between the spousal level of education and OE (P < 0.05). Parity, previous experience of birth, participation in pregnancy preparation classes, access to information sources about childbirth, and birth preference were significantly related to OE and EE (P < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between the two domains of perceived social support, spouse and friends, and the OE and EE (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression model revealed that birth preference was a predictor for OE and EE, while a pregnant woman's education level and perceived social support in the domain of significant others were predictors for OE. Spousal age, mean family income, and participation in the prenatal preparation classes were predictors for EE.CONCLUSIONS: Regarding the importance of self-efficacy in childbirth in encouraging pregnant women to perform NVD, pregnancy and childbirth preparation classes with an emphasis on concepts including self-efficacy of childbirth should be focused by midwives and other health-care workers in order to improve pregnant women's knowledge regarding the benefits of NVD and to strengthen their belief in the benefits of pain-compatible actions

Implementation of birth plans integrated into childbirth preparation classes for vaginal birth: a qualitative study of women, their husbands and clinicians' perspectives in Iran.

BACKGROUND: Understanding women's experience of birth planning is necessary for introducing and implementing this process in the Iranian maternity services. This study aims to explore perceptions of birth plan implementation in Iran from the perspective of women, their husbands, and clinicians. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted in Iran. Qualitative data were collected from November 2020 to March 2021 by conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews with ten mothers who prepared a birth plan, and 15 key informants (obstetricians, midwives, and husbands) who were involved in the implementation process of birth plans. Data were analyzed using conventional qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Data reduction process resulted in 380 codes that were categorized in 16 subcategories and five main categories. The main categories were "Guide and pattern of preparing for childbirth pathway", "Maternal empowerment and sense of triumph", "Facilitating and enhancing communication", "Successful transition to parenthood and women's satisfaction", and "Challenges associated with implementation of the birth plan". The overarching theme "Birth plan: The missing link in promotion of vaginal birth in Iran" was constructed from these categories. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study highlight the effectiveness of the implementation of birth plan along with childbirth preparation classes for increasing the likelihood of a successful vaginal birth and promoting empowerment and satisfaction in women during the childbirth process. The findings of this study could pave the way for developing, introducing, and implementing of birth plan in Iran

Effect of birth plans integrated into childbirth preparation classes on maternal and neonatal outcomes of Iranian women: A randomized controlled trial.

Peer reviewed: TrueBACKGROUND: Involvement of women in the decision-making process during childbirth plays an important role in their physical and psychosocial preparation. A birth plan allows the woman to express her expectations and facilitates her participation in her own care. The present study is the first to assess the implementation of birth plans integrated into childbirth preparation classes in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: This study is a randomized controlled clinical trial performed on 300 pregnant women at 32-33 weeks of gestation referring to four public health centers in Tehran, Iran. The participants were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups using block randomization method. A training session on the items of the birth plan checklist was held in the fifth session of childbirth preparation classes for the participants in the intervention group. Accordingly, a birth plan was prepared according to the requests of mothers. The birth plan was implemented after the women were admitted to the maternity ward. The primary outcomes were frequency of vaginal birth, mean duration of labor stages, and mean score of childbirth satisfaction. We used a checklist of maternal and neonatal outcomes, Mackey's childbirth satisfaction questionnaire, and a partogram form for data collection. Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and logistic regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Vaginal birth rates were significantly higher in women who had birth plans compared with those without (81.9% vs. 48.7%, p < 0.001). Also, the lengths of the first and the second stages of labor were significantly shorter in women having a birth plan (p = 0.02). Women in the birth plan group were significantly more satisfied with the process of labor and childbearing (p < 0.001), and started breastfeeding after birth earlier than those in the control group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Having a birth plan and attending childbirth preparation classes can increase the rate of normal vaginal birth. Also, according to our results, women's participation in the decision- making process and fulfilling their preferences during birth can improve maternal and neonatal outcomes and childbirth satisfaction.Trial registration: IRCT20190415043283N2. 2020-12-07