4,600 research outputs found
Women and the Republican Party, 1854-1924
Review of: Women and the Republican Party, 1854-1924. Gustafson, Melanie Susan
Women and the Republican Party, 1854-1924
Review of: Women and the Republican Party, 1854-1924. Gustafson, Melanie Susan
Geometry of weak lensing of CMB polarization
Hu [Phys. Rev. D62 (2000) 043007] has presented a harmonic-space method for
calculating the effects of weak gravitational lensing on the cosmic microwave
background (CMB) over the full sky. Computing the lensed power spectra to first
order in the deflection power requires one to formulate the lensing
displacement beyond the tangent-space approximation. We point out that for CMB
polarization this displacement must undergo geometric corrections on the
spherical sky to maintain statistical isotropy of the lensed fields. Although
not discussed by Hu, these geometric effects are implicit in his analysis.
However, there they are hidden by an overly-compact notation that is both
unconventional and rather confusing. Here we aim to ameliorate this deficiency
by providing a rigorous derivation of the lensed spherical power spectra.Comment: 3 page
Iron in marine waters
The soluble and particulate iron in marine waters of the North Pacific were determined spectrophotometrically by utilizing the iron complexes of alpha, alphabipyridyl and bathophenanthroline…
Membrane glucocorticoid receptors are localised in the extracellular matrix and signal through the MAPK pathway in mammalian skeletal muscle fibres
A number of studies have previously proposed the existence of glucocorticoid receptors on the plasma membrane of many cell types including skeletal muscle fibres. However, their exact localisation and the cellular signalling pathway(s) they utilise to communicate with the rest of the cell are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the localisation and the mechanism(s) underlying the non-genomic physiological functions of these receptors in mouse skeletal muscle cells. The results show that the receptors were localised in the cytoplasm in myoblasts, in the nucleus in myotubes and in the extracellular matrix, in satellite cells and in the proximity of mitochondria in adult muscle fibres. Also, they bound laminin in a glucocorticoid-dependent manner. Treating small skeletal muscle fibre bundles with the synthetic glucocorticoid, beclomethasone dipropionate, increased the phosphorylation (=activation) of extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1&2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. This occurred within 5min and depended on the fibre-type and the duration of the treatment. It was also abolished by the glucocorticoid receptor inhibitor, mifepristone, and a monoclonal antibody against the receptor. From these results we conclude that the non-genomic/non-canonical physiological functions of glucocorticoids, in adult skeletal muscle fibres are mediated by a glucocorticoid receptor localised in the extracellular matrix, in satellite cells and close to mitochondria and involve activation of the MAPK pathway
Parameterized lower bound and NP-completeness of some -free Edge Deletion problems
For a graph , the -free Edge Deletion problem asks whether there exist
at most edges whose deletion from the input graph results in a graph
without any induced copy of . We prove that -free Edge Deletion is
NP-complete if is a graph with at least two edges and has a component
with maximum number of vertices which is a tree or a regular graph.
Furthermore, we obtain that these NP-complete problems cannot be solved in
parameterized subexponential time, i.e., in time ,
unless Exponential Time Hypothesis fails.Comment: 15 pages, COCOA 15 accepted pape
Development of a Papua New Guinean onshore carbonate reservoir: A comparative borehole image (FMI) and petrographic evaluation
The depositional and diagenetic controls on carbonate platform evolution are notoriously heterogeneous and difficult to determine from standard subsurface wireline logging techniques. Here, a combined borehole image (FMI e Fullbore Formation MicroImager) and petrographic study allowed evaluation of depositional and diagenetic trends across an Australasian subsurface buildup that is a major recent gas discovery. The Elk and Antelope gas fields are hosted in Tertiary reefal, platformal and associated deep water carbonates in the present day foothills region of the Fold and Thrust Belt in the Gulf Province of Papua New Guinea. A full suite of FMI logs (>2800 m), and 292 thin sections (mainly from sidewall cores and cuttings) from both platform flank and shallow water deposits were evaluated during this study. Despite the obvious scale differences between the datasets there was some correlation between the independent petrography and FMI studies for: a) picking major facies boundaries, and b) interpretation of depositional environments, the latter particularly for slope and deep water deposits. However, thin section petrography proved critical in understanding primary depositional textures and secondary alteration features through the shallow-water carbonates where complex diagenetic overprinting had strongly impacted original fabric, and/or in regions affected by “gas smearing”. The petrographic study allowed more detailed examination of diagenesis and its impact on rock fabric (which links to the FMI textures). Component analysis and depositional textures identified in thin section are good indicators of original depositional environment.Full FMI coverage allowed textural definition on a dm/m scale, identification and characterisation of vertical changes, and likely large-scale variations in depositional environments and sequences. It was clear from combining the results of the two studies that diagenesis as well as depositional fabric had a strong impact on resultant FMI facies. The diagenetic overprinting would have been difficult to extract from the FMI data without the benefit of the petrographic work. This study shows the merits of selective petrographic analysis to calibrate the quality of facies interpretation from FMI images, and proved critical for enhancing and in places revising initial FMI interpretations
Unit Interval Editing is Fixed-Parameter Tractable
Given a graph~ and integers , , and~, the unit interval
editing problem asks whether can be transformed into a unit interval graph
by at most vertex deletions, edge deletions, and edge
additions. We give an algorithm solving this problem in time , where , and denote respectively
the numbers of vertices and edges of . Therefore, it is fixed-parameter
tractable parameterized by the total number of allowed operations.
Our algorithm implies the fixed-parameter tractability of the unit interval
edge deletion problem, for which we also present a more efficient algorithm
running in time . Another result is an -time algorithm for the unit interval vertex deletion problem,
significantly improving the algorithm of van 't Hof and Villanger, which runs
in time .Comment: An extended abstract of this paper has appeared in the proceedings of
ICALP 2015. Update: The proof of Lemma 4.2 has been completely rewritten; an
appendix is provided for a brief overview of related graph classe
Real-world outcomes of rapid regional hepatitis c virus treatment scale-up among people who inject drugs in Tayside, Scotland.
A Synaptic Strategy for Consolidation of Convergent Visuotopic Maps
The mechanisms by which experience guides refinement of converging afferent pathways are poorly understood. We describe a vision-driven refinement of corticocollicular inputs that determines the consolidation of retinal and visual cortical (VC) synapses on individual neurons in the superficial superior colliculus (sSC). Highly refined corticocollicular terminals form 1–2 days after eye-opening (EO), accompanied by VC-dependent filopodia sprouting on proximal dendrites, and PSD-95 and VC-dependent quadrupling of functional synapses. Delayed EO eliminates synapses, corticocollicular terminals, and spines on VC-recipient dendrites. Awake recordings after EO show that VC and retina cooperate to activate sSC neurons, and VC light responses precede sSC responses within intervals promoting potentiation. Eyelid closure is associated with more protracted cortical visual responses, causing the majority of VC spikes to follow those of the colliculus. These data implicate spike-timing plasticity as a mechanism for cortical input survival, and support a cooperative strategy for retinal and cortical coinnervation of the sSC.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant EY006039
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