Circular 73

An assessment of Growth of Infrastructure Booms have been a common element in the development of frontier areas in the 19th and 20th centuries. Most commonly, the booms have been associated with resource development such as the mineral booms of the western United States. Booms usually involve some type of dramatic short- term change which has wide-ranging implications (Gilmore, 1976). Since the arrival of the Russians in Alaska, six major booms have occurred: furs, whales, salmon, minerals, military, and petroleum. Each of these booms has, to some degree, created changes in the landscape of Alaska, in particular, the infrastructural base, which in turn has facilitated subsequent development, either another major boom, or a smaller development. For example, agricultural development has been enhanced by mineral, military, and petroleum booms in Alaska. The cumulative impact on infrastructure of more than one boom, or multibooms, as it is referred to here, is the focus of this paper. One problem encountered in studying booms is that there is no general agreement on what constitutes a boom. Detailed studies of booms in communities such as Dixon’s (1978) analysis of Fairbanks and Gilmore’s multi-community work in the Great Plains—Rocky •mountain regions, contained no specific definition of the term “boom”. Yet it was clear in each study that something dramatic had occurred. More general historical studies of the Western mineral bonanzas (Greever, 1963) or the Klondike gold rush (Berton, 1958) likewise suggest a number of factors such as population rise, influx of money, resource extraction, and infrastructure expansion. But in each case, there is no specific factor or define rate of something that specifically qualifies a time period as a boom. In this study, we are concerned with dramatic change of events which have had a major impact on the geographic landscape of an area, As a framework for the initial study, we review those events which have been given attention as boom-type activities in the historical literature of Alaska (Rogers, 1962; Naske and Slotnick, 1987)

Misc. Pub. 92-3

Entrance to the Chena Hot Springs Road is only 5 miles from downtown Fairbanks. The road provides an excellent opportunity to see an example o f the diversity of agricultural production in the Tanana Valley

Assessment Methods for Virtual Laboratories in Civil Engineering Technology

Old Dominion University has developed an extensive distance learning system that includes 40 remote sites. A majority of the sites are located at community colleges. There are 30 sites in Virginia, three sites in North Carolina, one site in Washington State and one site in Arizona. In addition, there are four sites at Higher Education Centers in Virginia and one site at a local industrial facility. The Civil Engineering Technology curriculum requires three laboratory courses, which are a challenge in the distance learning environment because of the lack of laboratory equipment and computers at the broadcast sites. The three courses include a laboratory in materials testing, a laboratory in soils testing and a laboratory using commercially available structural analysis and design software. In an effort to better evaluate the performance of students in the distant classes in comparison to that of the students in the on-site classes, changes have been implemented for these courses. This paper discusses concerns with this process and provides a summary of our efforts to improve assessment for these courses

Project-Based Freshmen Engineering Courses in Civil Engineering Technology

Old Dominion University (ODU) has developed two fundamental courses for freshmen engineering students. The first course introduces the fundamentals of the practice of engineering including innovation, creativity, design and manufacturing, commercialization, teaming skills, environmental impact, and ethics. The second course is an exploration of engineering and engineering technology disciplines with an emphasis on projects. The purpose of these courses is to engage the students in the application of engineering early in their course of study with the hope that their interest will be reinforced and the likelihood of their being retained as students will increase. The courses are divided into three five-week modules that are distributed among departments within the college. The Engineering Technology department is responsible for two of the five-week modules in the second, projects-based course. One module is comprised of the civil, mechanical and electrical engineering technology curricula and the other module is comprised of strictly civil engineering technology. This paper describes the freshmen engineering courses and outlines the projects that have been developed for Civil Engineering Technology at Old Dominion University. The Civil Engineering Technology program has seen an increase in students since the implementation of this freshmen project based courses, and the program has seen an increase in interest from freshmen students

CubeSat Measures World's First Ice Cloud Map to Support Climate Research

Virginia Diodes, Inc. received NASA SBIR Awards to fund research and development for a lesser developed region of the electromagnetic spectrumterahertz waves. Their work led to funding from NASA ESTO, and the resulting CubeSat (named IceCube) captured the worlds first ice cloud map, which will contribute to our understanding of Earths climat

A Hybrid Course in Fundamentals of Building Construction Using Combination Archived Video and Live Session Distance Learning

A course in the Fundamentals of Building Construction has been a curricular requirement of the Civil Engineering Technology Program (CET) since its inception. This course was taught traditionally as an on-campus class. Over the last ten years, the CET program has expanded to contain an extensive distance learning component, with at least half of the enrollment located off campus. The model for the typical distance-learning class is to meet for three hours, once a week, with a fully interactive (voice) live class. In consideration of the demand of a growing distance learning system, it was decided to restructure this class into a hybrid class using archived video segments available online for student access through a distance learning system. A limitation of the system is that the fully live interactive courses require a separate classroom with special configuration at each remote site. Limitations on the number of the available classrooms at remote sites hinder the expansion of all programs. This change in format will permit a reduction in the time allocated to the live interactive component, with associated advantages and disadvantages for both the student and the system. This paper will discuss the presentation and organization of the hybrid class, the advantages and disadvantages of the approach and an assessment of the hybrid class outcomes compared o the fully interactive model

The Bulletin, School of Nursing Alumni Association, 1978

Alumni Calendar Recognition Plaque A Letter from the President Officers and Chairpersons Jefferson - Past, Present and Future Annual Reports School of Practical Nursing Sesqui Pledge Completed Alumnae Data 1891-1978 Committee Reports A.N.A. Convention Report The Liberation of a POW Resume of Alumni Meetings Cocktails and Conversation Class News Luncheon Gusts - Class of 1978 Marriages Births In Memoriam Alumni Notices School of Nursing Notice

Multiple impact therapy : evaluation and design for future study

The theoretical underpinnings of Washington County Children\u27s Services Division (CSD) Immediate Conflict-Resolution Family Treatment Program include the systems theory of family therapy with a focus on communication and roles. One of the many approaches to helping families in crisis, it incorporates theories regarding assessment of and intervention in families in crisis. Finally, while it draws upon several different approaches to family therapy, the Washington County program is most closely related to Multiple Impact Therapy (MIT). Thus, a review of relevant literature must address portions of the above enumerated theories that illuminate the thinking behind the Immediate Conflict- Resolution Family Treatment Program. While each of the four components of the literature review (systems theory, family crisis theory, assessment of families in crisis, and Multiple Impact Therapy) represents a topic area of breadth and complexity, the aspects of each topic area which seem most relevant to Washington County\u27s MIT project have been reviewed

Optical Spectroscopy of Supernova 1993J During Its First 2500 Days

We present 42 low-resolution spectra of Supernova (SN) 1993J, our complete collection from the Lick and Keck Observatories, from day 3 after explosion to day 2454, as well as one Keck high-dispersion spectrum from day 383. SN 1993J began as an apparent SN II, albeit an unusual one. After a few weeks, a dramatic transition took place, as prominent helium lines emerged in the spectrum. SN 1993J had metamorphosed from a SN II to a SN IIb. Nebular spectra of SN 1993J closely resemble those of SNe Ib and Ic, but with a persistent H_alpha line. At very late times, the H_alpha emission line dominated the spectrum, but with an unusual, box-like profile. This is interpreted as an indication of circumstellar interaction.Comment: 19 pages plus 13 figures, AASTeX V5.0. One external table in AASTeX V4.0, in landscape format. Accepted for publication in A

Research-Based Web Design & Usability Guidelines [2006 edition]

The new edition of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Research-Based Web Design and Usability Guidelines. These guidelines reflect HHS’ commitment to identifying innovative, research-based approaches that result in highly responsive and easy-to-use Web sites for the public. These guidelines help move us in that direction by providing practical, yet authoritative, guidance on a broad range of Web design and communication issues. Having access to the best available research helps to ensure we make the right decisions the first time around and reduces the possibility of errors and costly mistakes