The origin of polarity asymmetries in the history of the geomagnetic field

The behavior of magnetohydrodynamic stationary modes in the presence of an imposed weak magnetic field originating separately from the dynamo is studied. A rare class of stationary states is found that exhibit high sensitivity to the presence of weak imposed fields. The amplitude of the difference between the total fields of opposite polarity is much larger than the amplitude of the imposed nondynamo fields. It is proposed that Earth's magnetic field operates in such a mode, highly sensitive to the presence of an ambient field. An argument is given to explain why the terrestrial dynamo should choose to operate in one of these rare states. Implications are discussed for the general mechanism of dynamo magnetic field equilibrium in planets

The effect of thermal diffusion on the formation of interface resistance on oxide-coated cathodes.

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityThe goal of this investigation is to determine many of the factors which contribute to cathode interface resistance formation in a commercial type twin triode and to analyze these factors quantitatively by well known chemical and physical methods, However, since the vacuum tube represents such a complex system it is necessary to introduce this problem by reference to early history and many of the parameters associated with vacuum tube manufacture. With reference to historical introduction, the electron theory of metals, with special emphasis on the role which work function plays, is discussed. [TRUNCATED

A Systematic Review of the Evidence for the Sustainability of Household Water Treatment Interventions

This systematic review assesses the quantity and quality of evidence for the sustainability of household water treatment (HWT) since the World Health Organization (WHO) recently endorsed HWT based on growing evidence of HWT's ability to improve microbial water quality, effectiveness at reducing diarrheal disease, cost-effectiveness, and rapid application and acceptance. A large portion of the world population still relies on unsafe sources of drinking water, but whether HWT can support scaling-up efforts and be considered sustainable, it remains to be seen. Ultimately this systematic review found limited evidence of a sustained uptake and usage of HWT interventions, and results from studies that found high levels of confirmed usage after one year must be considered alongside their methodological quality

Judicial Incentives and Indeterminacy in Substantive Review of Administrative Decisions

In the Chevron and State Farm cases the Supreme Court announced what appeared to be controlling standards for substantive review of administrative decisions. Instead, the Chevron framework has broken down, and State Farm has been all but ignored by agencies and the courts, including the Supreme Court. This article accounts for this breakdown by analyzing the impact of judicial incentives on substantive review in administrative law

Judicial Incentives and Indeterminacy in Substantive Review of Administrative Decisions

Uppsatsen tydliggör och beskriver innehållet i elva lokala överenskommelser (LÖK) mellan civilsamhället och offentlig sektor. Studien visar också hur relationen mellan parterna avspeglas i texterna. Uppsatsen visar också på hur olika idéer och synsätt i överenskommelserna kan få praktiska konsekvenser för civilsamhället

Parton distributions in the photon from γ∗γ\gamma^* \gamma and γ∗p\gamma^* p scattering

Leading order parton distributions in the photon are extracted from the existing $F_2^\gamma$ measurements and the low-$x$ proton structure function. The latter is related to the photon structure function by assuming Gribov factorization to hold at low $x$. The resulting parton distributions in the photon are found to be consistent with the Frankfurt-Gurvich sum rule for the photon.Comment: 8 pages, including 4 figure

Development of advanced digital techniques for data acquisition processing and communication Interim scientific report

Design, video data characteristics, error control, and compression algorithms for Mars television mapping missio