Applying Bag of System Calls for Anomalous Behavior Detection of Applications in Linux Containers

In this paper, we present the results of using bags of system calls for learning the behavior of Linux containers for use in anomaly-detection based intrusion detection system. By using system calls of the containers monitored from the host kernel for anomaly detection, the system does not require any prior knowledge of the container nature, neither does it require altering the container or the host kernel.Comment: Published version available on IEEE Xplore (http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7414047/) arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1611.0305

The Role of Trust as an Informal Institution in the Informal Sector in Africa

The study analyses an unexplored issue of how trust, framed as an informal institution, plays an important role in business operations in the informal sector by filling the vacuum left by the lack of formal institutions. It brings together ‘snapshots’ from other studies that show how trust plays a role in the informal sector. In the author’s approach, trust is framed under informal institutions. Under this framework the author presents a larger picture of the significant role of trust as an informal institution used in the business operations within the informal sector in Africa. In the study, trust is analysed from two main dimensions, namely: Social Networks Dimension and Business Cooperation Dimension. The study is divided into four main sections: the first section presents an overview of the informal sector; the second section analyses the Social Networks Dimension, the third section analyses the Business Cooperation Dimension, and the fourth part  concludes by hypothesizing a causal relationship between trust, the two  dimensions, and socio-economic development.Key Words: trust; informal institutions; informal sectorL’étude analyse la question inexplorée de la confiance qui, lorsqu’elle est perçue comme une institution informelle, joue un rôle important dans les opérations commerciales qui rythment le secteur informel en comblant le vide créé par l’absence d’institutions formelles. L’étude compile des « images ponctuelles » présentées par d’autres études qui soulignent le rôle important de la confiance dans le secteur informel. Selon la perspective de l’auteur, les institutions informelles constituent le terreau fertile à l’existence de la confiance. Dans ce même cadre, l’auteur réchampit ensuite le rôle de la confiance en tant qu’institution  informelle dont le secteur informel en Afrique se sert dans ses opérations commerciales. Cette étude analyse la confiance à l’aune de deux dimensions principales, à savoir: la dimension Réseaux Sociaux et la dimension Coopération entre Entreprises. L’étude s’articule autour de quatre principales sections: la première partie présente une vue d’ensemble du secteur informel, la deuxième section analyse la dimension Réseaux Sociaux, la troisième section analyse la dimension Coopération entre  Entreprises, et la quatrième partie conclut en émettant l’hypothèse de l’existence d’un lien de causalité entre la confiance, les deux dimensions, et le  développementsocio-économique.Mots clés : Confiance, institutions informelles, secteur informel

Hindered rotation and heterogeniety in gas-solid interactions: 1. Non-spherical potential functions for the adsorption of N₂ and CO₂ on graphitized carbon P33 (2700°); 2. Two-surface virial analysis for the adsorption of Ar, Kr and Xe on hexagonal boron nitride

Ph.D.Robert A. Pierott

Rheological investigation of three South African gold mine pulps

A method is described which enables the user to determine the rheological parameters of a fast settling slurry using conventional viscometric measuring equipment. The effect of concentration, temperature and pH on these parameters is investigated. The results agree with those obtained by previous workers using different viscometers. However, this method allows a more detailed characterization of all the properties. A literature survey was carried out and two semi-empirical correlations were found, which allow the effect of either concentration, temperature or pH on the rheological parameters to be investigated

North American Business Strategies Towards Climate Change

Business has become a key part of the fabric of global environmental governance, considered here as the network which orders and regulates economic activity and its impacts. We argue that businesses generally are willing to undertake limited measures consistent with a fragmented and weak policy regime. Further, the actions of businesses act to create, shape and preserve that compromised regime. We examine three types of indicators of business responses in North America: ratings by external organizations, commitments regarding emissions, and joint political action. We find business response to be highly ambiguous, with energetic efforts yielding few results

Atmospheric Chemistry Over Southern Africa

During the southern African dry season, regional haze from mixed industrial pollution, biomass burning aerosol and gases from domestic and grassland fires, and biogenic sources from plants and soils is worsened by a semi-permanent atmosphere gyre over the subcontinent. These factors were a driver of several major international field campaigns in the 1990s and early 2000s, and attracted many scientists to the region. Some researchers were interested in understanding fundamental processes governing chemistry of the atmosphere and interaction with climate change. Others found favorable conditions for evaluating satellite-derived measurements of atmospheric properties and a changing land surface. With that background in mind a workshop on atmospheric chemistry was held in South Africa. Sponsored by the International Commission for Atmospheric Chemistry and Global Pollution (ICACGP; http://www.icacgp.org/), the workshop received generous support from the South African power utility, Eskom, and the Climatology Research Group of the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. The purpose of the workshop was to review some earlier findings as well as more recent findings on southern African climate vulnerability, chemical changes due to urbanization, land-use modification, and how these factors interact. Originally proposed by John Burrows, president of ICACGP, the workshop was the first ICACGP regional workshop to study the interaction of air pollution with global chemical and climate change. Organized locally by the University of the Witwatersrand, the workshop attracted more than 60 delegates from South Africa, Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe, France, Germany, Canada, and the United States. More than 30 presentations were given, exploring both retrospective and prospective aspects of the science. In several talks, attention was focused on southern African chemistry, atmospheric pollution monitoring, and climate processes as they were studied in the field campaigns such as Transport and Atmospheric Chemistry Near the Equator-Atlantic (TRACE-A), Southern African Fire-Atmosphere Research Initiative (SAFARI-92), and Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI 2000). Since those large international efforts, satellites have matured enough to enable quantifiable measurements of regional land surface, atmosphere, and ocean. In addition, global and chemical transport models have also been advanced to incorporate various data. Thus, the timing of the workshop was right for a full-fledged re-assessment of the chemistry, physics, and socio-economical impacts caused by pollution in the region, including a characterization of sources, deposition, and feedbacks with climate change