Determining the effectiveness of two new reading programs in the Lower Alloways Creek School

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the two new reading programs on the improvement of students\u27 reading scores and the enhancement of instruction in the Lower Alloways Creek School District using an action research design. Teachers involved in using the new programs were surveyed. Student grades from the previous year in the first marking period and the current year during the first marking period were analyzed and compared. At the time of the study, the school enrollment was approximately 220 students. Grades first through eighth were included in the study. The research instruments were a survey to the teachers and a comparison of reading grades. The data analysis procedure for the surveys and grade comparison had three steps. First data was organized, coded, and then categorized by consistent patterns. The researcher concluded that the new reading programs (MacMillan/McGraw/Hill and Glencoe) implemented in the Lower Alloways Creek School were not as effective as the reading programs used in the 2003-2004 school year

The gastroprotective action of the oral gel “quertulin” on rats which received adrenalin at background dysbiosis

Aim: To determine gastroprotective effectiveness of the oral gel “Quertulin” on rats which received adrenalin at background dysbiosis.Methods: The mucoso-adgesive oral phytogel “Quertulin” (quercetin + inulin + calcium citrate) was used. The dysbiosis was reproduced by lincomycin introduction with water in dose of 60 mg/kg during 5 days. The oral application of adrenalin gel (0,18 mg/kg) made everyday during 10 days. The activities of elastase, urease, lysozyme, catalase and content of malonic dialdehide (MDA) were determined into gastric mucosa.Results: It was established lowering of levels of elastase and MDA, but raise of lysozyme by adrenalin action. The introduction of adrenalin background dysbiosis was raised elastase and urease activities. The oral application of quertulin normalized the levels of elastase, MDA, urease, lysozyme, but raised the activity of catalase.Conclusion: The oral applications of adrenalin has gastroprotective action at the expense of the activity of lysozyme and catalase rise. The oral applications of quertulin make gastroprotective action at introduction of adrenalin background dysbiosis at the expense rise level of antioxidant system and lowering the dysbiosis degree

PALEOARCHEAN MAFIC ROCKS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN SIBERIAN CRATON: PRELIMINARY GEOCHRONOLOGY AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION

The Siberian craton consists of Archean blocks, which were welded up into the same large unit by ca 1.9 Ga [Gladkochub et al., 2006; Rojas-Agramonte et al., 2011]. The history of the constituent Archean blocks is mosaic because of limited number of outcrops, insufficient sampling coverage because of their location in remote regions and deep forest and difficulties with analytical studies of ancient rocks, which commonly underwent metamorphic modifications and secondary alterations. In this short note, we report data on discovery of unusual for Archean mafic rocks of ultimate fresh appearance. These rocks were discovered within southwestern Siberian craton in a region near a boundary between Kitoy granulites of the Sharyzhalgai highgrade metamorphic complex and Onot green-schist belt (Fig. 1). Here we present preliminary data on geochronology of these rocks and provide their geochemical characterization.The Siberian craton consists of Archean blocks, which were welded up into the same large unit by ca 1.9 Ga [Gladkochub et al., 2006; Rojas-Agramonte et al., 2011]. The history of the constituent Archean blocks is mosaic because of limited number of outcrops, insufficient sampling coverage because of their location in remote regions and deep forest and difficulties with analytical studies of ancient rocks, which commonly underwent metamorphic modifications and secondary alterations. In this short note, we report data on discovery of unusual for Archean mafic rocks of ultimate fresh appearance. These rocks were discovered within southwestern Siberian craton in a region near a boundary between Kitoy granulites of the Sharyzhalgai highgrade metamorphic complex and Onot green-schist belt (Fig. 1). Here we present preliminary data on geochronology of these rocks and provide their geochemical characterization

Effect of dietary fats on endogenous oleic acid biosynthesis in rat liver

Aim: Determine the effect of dietary fats with different fatty acid composition on the biosynthesis of oleic acid and its metabolic precursors in the liver . Methods: High linoleic sunflower oil (HLSO), high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) and palm oil (PO) were used. Rats were fed a semi-synthetic fat-free diet (FFD) and fat diets containing 5 % of the above oils (instead of starch) for 30 days. Liver lipids were divided into 3 fractions: neutral lipids (NL), phospholipids (PL) and free fatty acids (FFA). The fatty acid composition of the fractions was determined by gas chromatography. The “activity” of fatty acid synthase was determined from the total content of the products of this reaction (C16:0 and C16:1). The “activity” of palmitic acid elongase was determined by the ratio С18:0/С16:0, as well as by the formula (С18:0+С18:1)/(С16:0–С16:1). The “activity” of stearic acid desaturase (SCD1) was determined by the ratio C16:1/C16:0 (SCD16) and by the ratio C18:1/C18:0 (SCD18). Results: In rats treated with fat diets, the content of palmitic and oleic acids is reduced only in the NL fraction, and to the greatest extent when consuming the diet with HLSO. The “activity” of palmitic acid elongase increases significantly with the consumption of a diet with HLSO. SCD16 desaturase “activity” decreases with fat diet, while SCD18 desaturase “activity” increases. The level of SCD18 is significantly higher than the level of SCD16. Consumption of HLSO reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA in rat liver lipids, while the intake of HOSO increases it. Conclusions: HLSO diet reduces the endogenous biosynthesis of oleic and palmitic acids, as determined by the analysis of the rat liver NL fraction. A fat diet reduces SCD16 “activity” but increases SCD18 “activity”, especially when fed a diet with HOSO. The diet with HLSO reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA in liver lipids

Prevention of colitis in rats receiving palm oil on the background of dysbiosis by using quertulin

Aim: Identify the possibility of preventing colitis that develops in rats when consuming palm oil against dysbiosis. Materials and Methods: Antidysbiosis agent "Quertulin" (Quercetin + Inulin + Citrate Ca) was used. Biological experiments were performed on rats receiving a non-fat diet (NFD). The second group of rats received a diet in which 15% of starch was replaced with 15% palm oil containing 42% palmitic acid (C16:0). The third group of rats received a diet of palm oil and, in addition, received quertulin 400 mg / kg daily for 38 days. Rats of the 2nd and 3rd groups for development of dysbiosis from the first day of the experiment received lincomycin (60 mg / kg) with drinking water for 5 days. The activity of elastase, catalase, urease, lysozyme and the content of malodialdehyde (MDA) was determined in the gut mucosal homogenates. The ratio of catalase and MDA was calculated by the antioxidant-prooxidant index of API, according to the ratio of relative activity of urease and lysozyme – the degree of dysbiosis. Results: In rats receiving palm oil on the background of dysbiosis, the activity of elastase, urease, MDA content and the degree of dysbiosis increases in the mucosa of the colon, but the activity of catalase, lysozyme, and index API decreases. In rats receiving quertulin, the level of elastase, MDA, catalase, urease and lysozyme normalized, the API index increased and the degree of dysbiosis decreased. Conclusions: Consumption of palm oil on the background of dysbiosis causes the development of colitis and dysbiosis by reducing the level of nonspecific immunity and antioxidant protection. Antidysbiotic mean Quertulin has mucosoprotective action

Therapeutic and preventive effect of feed additives on the state of periodonts of rats with experimental dysbiosis

Aim. Determine the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of feed additives on the condition of the periodontium in case of dysbiosis. Methods. As feed additives, we used flour from pea straw (FPS), oilcake from ordinary (high-linoleic) sunflower seeds (OOS) and oilcake from high-oleic sunflower seeds (OHOS), which were added to the composition of feed for rats in an amount of 10% instead of the same amount of grain wheat. The duration of feeding was 18 days. Experimental dysbiosis was reproduced using the antibiotic lincomycin. The activity of urease, lysozyme, catalase, elastase and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined in the gums of rats. Results. An increase in the level of urease, elastase, MDA and a slight decrease in the activity of lysozyme and catalase were found in rats with dysbiosis. The consumption of FPS and OOS had little effect on the biochemical parameters of the gums; however, the consumption of OHOS significantly reduced the activity of elastase, the level of MDA and normalized the level of urease. Conclusion. Under conditions of dysbiosis, periodontitis develops, which can be prevented by consuming high-oleic sunflower oilcake

Development of dysbiosis in the organism of rats receiving a high-fat diet

Background. To determine the effect on the degree of dysbiosis in the organs and tissues of rats treated with high-fat diet (HFD) using fats with various fatty acid compositions.Methods. We used ordinary (high-linoleic) sunflower oil, high-oleic sunflower oil, butter, palm and coconut oils. Rats were fed with 15 % of each of the fats for 64 days. In the blood serum from v.cava and v. porta, in the liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscles and intestinal mucosa, urease activity (an indicator of bacterial insemination), lysozyme activity (a factor of non-specific immunity) were determined, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated from the ratio of relative urease and lysozyme activities. Results. The activity of urease in the blood of v. porta increased in rats treated with HFD, and was significantly higher than in the blood of v.cava. In most of the studied tissues, urease activity increased after HFD, with the exception of rats receiving high-oleic sunflower oil (HOSO). In contrast, lysozyme activity was reduced in most tissues, with the exception of rats treated with HOSO. The degree of dysbiosis increased after HFD with the exception of rats treated with HOSO.Conclusion. HFD increases the translocation of bacteria from the intestine. The liver partially neutralizes the microflora coming from the intestines. In blood serum from v. cava and v. porta, urease activity (an indicator of bacterial contamination), lysozyme activity (nonspecific immunity factor) were determined in the liver, heart, brain, skeletal muscle and intestinal mucosa, and the degree of dysbiosis was calculated by the ratio of the relative activities of urease and lysozyme.Results. Blood urease activity v. porta was elevated in rats treated with HFD and was significantly higher than in blood v. cava. In most of the tissues studied, urease activity increased after HFD with the exception of rats treated with high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO), the development of dysbiosis in all tissues of the body. The exception is HOSO, which does not cause the development of dysbiosis and inflammation

Mineralizing activity of periodontal bone tissue of rats with experimental diabetes

Background. To determine the effect of diabetes on the state of periodontal bone tissue. Methods. In rats, diabetes mellitus of the first type (DM1) was reproduced with the help of alloxan and diabetes mellitus of the second type (DM2) with the help of protamine. The activity of alkaline (ALP) and acid (ACP) phosphatases, calcium content, protein and elastase activity were determined in periodontal bone tissue. The level of biochemical markers of inflammation and protective systems was determined in the blood serum and in the gums. The mineralizing activity of bone tissue was determined by the ALP/ACP ratio. Results. It was established that the mineralizing activity of periodontal bones is significantly higher in males and increases with age. The reproduction of DM1 and DM2 in rats caused a significant decrease in the mineralizing activity of periodontal bone tissue and insignificant changes in the level of calcium and protein. In rats with diabetes, an inflammatory process develops in the gums (increase in the level of elastase) against the background of a decrease in the level of markers of protective systems (catalase and lysozyme). Conclusion. A decrease in the level of mineralizing activity of periodontal bone tissue under conditions of diabetes can be the reason for the development of diabetic periodontitis

Experimental treatment of dysbiosis in colitis with hepatitis

Nonspecific colitis (inflammation of the colon mucosa) is a common gastroenterological disease. The causative factors of this disease are intestinal dysbiosis, which leads to an increase in blood concentration of intestinal endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide), as well as impaired liver antimicrobial function. The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of preventing colitis, which develops as a result of a combination of dysbiosis and hepatitis, with the help of biotrit, which has an antidysbiotic and hepatoprotective effect. The experiments were conducted on 24 white rats of the Wistar line (males, 1 month old), divided into 3 equal groups: 1 - control (normal); 2 - dysbiosis + hepatitis without treatment; 3 - dysbiosis + hepatitis + drug "Biotrit". Dysbiosis was caused by the antibiotic lincomycin, which was given to rats with drinking water at a dose of 60 mg / kg for the first 5 days. Toxic hepatitis was reproduced in rats using hydrazine hydrochloride. Studies have shown that the phytopreparation Biotrit has a mucosoprotective effect in experimental nonspecific colitis due to both antidysbiotic and antioxidant effects

Influence of antidysbiotic drugs on the liver of rats with experimental non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

High-fat diets combined with the introduction of lincomycin causes the development of steatohepatitis. Introduction antidysbiotic drugs (pro- and prebiotics) has a therapeutic effect