Helicopter rotor noise, part 2 Final report, 1 Dec. 1965 - 30 Nov. 1968

Experimental study of helicopter rotor nois

Helicopter noise: Blade slap. Part 2: Experimental results

Blade slap encountered in rotary wings and its effect on helicopter performance are reported. The results of various individual flight tests are presented and, where possible, correlated with one another. Observations from the subjective evaluation of blade slap are included, together with a modified form of the blade slap factor (BSF) which can be used as a design criteria

The influence of the noise environment on crew communications

The noise environment and how it affects crew communications in helicopters is considered. The signal to noise (S/N) ratio at the microphone and the effect of the attenuation provided by the helmet is discussed. This shows that the most important aspect is the S/N ratio at the microphone, particularly when helmets with improved attenuation characteristics are considered. Evidence is presented which shows that in high noise environments, the system S/N ratio is well below that required and hence there is an urgent need to reduce the cabin noise levels and improve the microphone rejection properties. Emphasis is placed on environmental/acoustic considerations

Giving patients choices during involuntary admission : a new intervention

Background: People who receive involuntary treatment are some of the most vulnerable in psychiatric services. They are more likely to have poorer social and clinical outcomes and to be disillusioned with and disengaged from care. Research indicates that patients’ experience in the first week of involuntary treatment is a critical period: a better experience of care in the first week predicts better quality of life and reduced readmission 1 year later. Patients have identified involvement in clinical decisions as key to improving their experience of care. The aim of this study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of an intervention to facilitate involvement in decision making for involuntary inpatients called OPeNS (Options, Preferences, Negotiate, and Summarise). Methods: This was a mixed method study. The OPeNS intervention was developed based on previous research carried out by a multidisciplinary team. Clinicians were trained to deliver it to involuntary inpatients. Feasibility indices (rates of participation in the intervention and time required to deliver it) were collected. Patients (N = 14) and clinicians (N = 5) provided qualitative data on their experience of the intervention in semi-structured interviews which were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The OPeNS intervention was found to be acceptable by both patients and clinicians and feasible to conduct within the first week of involuntary treatment. Patients’ and clinicians’ experiences of the intervention fall into two themes: ‘Enabling a different dynamic’ and ‘Clashing with usual practices and priorities’. Conclusion: The OPeNS intervention provides a structure that can be used by clinicians across disciplines to facilitate involving involuntary patients in decision making. Although challenges related to changing usual practices were identified, the intervention was received positively and was feasible to conduct in the first week of involuntary treatment

METHOD CONSIDERATIONS FOR COMPOUND IDENTIFICATION IN COMPLEX MIXTURES USING ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION ULTRAHIGH RESOLUTION MASS SPECTROMETRY

Biomass burning aerosols are highly complex organic mixtures of thousands of components with consequences for global climate. Complex mixture component identification requires accurate mass measurement capability to separate components on a milli-Dalton scale, frequently using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization. Certain sample preparations and the ionization process may introduce artifacts that obscure the composition of the sample. Two method considerations were explored using isotopically labeled 15NH4OH and MeOH-d3 to track artifact formation in biomass burning samples. Informatics techniques and a custom molecular formula assignment software were used to identify the isotopic atoms in artifact products. Sample preparation with NH4OH was found to significantly alter the detected complex mixture composition, potentially by NH4+ adduction and by reactions between NH3 and carbonyls. Solvation in MeOH likely induced artifact formation by converting carbonyls to esters and acetals/hemiacetals for non-aromatic species. In addition, Hydrogen-Deuterium exchange using MeOH-d1 was studied to infer the presence of amino and hydroxyl groups, and estimate the number of carboxyl functional groups. The results have important implications for ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry analyses of complex environmental samples and their labile H content

The effects of the go for the green challenge on electricity use, behaviors, and attitudes of Western Washington University residents.

This thesis investigates the effect of the Go for the Green Challenge (GGC), a multi-faceted, educational awareness and behavior change campaign originating in the Office of Sustainability, on residents of Western Washington University. Per capita residence hall electricity use figures in participating and control halls were evaluated. Surveys of residents gauged energy use behaviors, and a questionnaire assessed how hall leaders implemented GGC. Participating halls had significantly less electricity use than control halls. Correlation was significant between electricity reductions and certain components of GGC. The halls most affected by GGC had designs conducive to social diffusion and leaders that mobilized efforts to reduce electricity use and increase resident participation and awareness

Exploring homecare for people living with dementia using an ethnographic approach

Background: Most people living with dementia prefer to remain in their own homes. Support from homecare services can enable this, yet homecare workers often receive limited training and support. Aim: To learn and understand from the experiences of homecare workers how they can be better trained and supported in their role, and how they can support independence in people living with dementia. Methods: I conducted a systematic review of observation methods used to study homecare. This informed the design of my ethnographic study, comprising participant observations with 16 homecare workers and 17 clients living with dementia, and 82 qualitative interviews with people living with dementia, family carers, homecare staff and health and social care professionals. I triangulated the data and thematically analysed the findings. I used my findings to inform the coproduced NIDUS-Professional training and support intervention. Findings: The value of homecare relationships and the significance of the home were two prominent, overarching findings. Relationships between homecare workers, clients, family carers and other health and social care professionals were often complex to navigate, yet were key to meeting the needs of people living with dementia. Care provision in the home setting transitioned the environment into a hybrid space between the clients’ domestic space and the homecare workers’ workplace. Conclusion: In highlighting the significance of the home for people living with dementia, I posit the importance of responsive, person-centred and home-centred care. Relational and emotional aspects of homecare are central to workers’ training and support. Establishing interdependent, collaborative relationships with clients can enable meaningful decision-making and active participation in daily tasks. Recognising and valuing homecare workers’ position amongst multidisciplinary dementia-care services, alongside managerial and peer support, may reduce some of the role’s associated challenges. Moving towards professionalisation of the homecare workforce is a clear direction for future research, policy and practice

Bubble Mania

Through my research design, I will derive a trend of the average price of the S&P 500 for the past 100 years. This trend will be a representation of the fundamental valuation of the stock market. Previous studies suggest the S&P 500 should trend upward at 6-7% per year (Lynch 1989). Then, I analyze the deviation from this trend during the mid-1980s bubble and the technology bubble of the late 1990s. I run a regression using consumer confidence and sentiment indices. My modified hypothesis is that the deviation of actual S&P 500 prices from predicted “fundamental” S&P 500 prices during the years 1985- 2001 is started by changes in consumer confidence and consumer sentiment. If the variables explain a lot of the deviation, then the herd mentality theory predicts the creation and destruction of bubbles

Rating helicopter noise

The effectiveness of the EPNL procedure in quantifying helicopter blade slap and tail rotor noise heard on approach some distance from the flyover position is addressed. Alternative methods of rating helicopter noise are reviewed including correction procedures to the EPNL concept which account for blade slap and tail rotor noise. The impact of the use of such corrections is examined