Influence of infliximab pretreatment on ischemia/reperfusion injury in rat intestine

The Pringle maneuver is used in hepatic surgery to prevent blood loss but is associated with ischemia- reperfusion injury. To investigate the effect of infliximab on inflammation and apoptosis in rat intestinal mucosa during ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. A total of 30 male Wistar albino rats were equally divided into three groups to be subjected to (i) sham operation (sham), (ii) IR injury via Pringle maneuver (pringle) or (iii) infliximab (IFX) group (IFX was given at a dose 3 mg/kg for 3 days before IR injury). Following reperfusion period of 60 min., intestinal tissue and blood samples were taken and processed by standard histological methods. The Pringle maneuver and following reperfusion caused significant histopathological changes, increased serum transaminases’ activity and the levels of oxidative stress markers and decreased glutathione peroxidase activity. IFX pretreatment partially prevented these changes. Infliximab pretreatment may protect intestinal mucosa against ischemia-reperfusion injury. Further studies are needed to investigate mechanism and evaluate safety and optimal dosing of IFX in humans exposed to the possible tissue damage by ischemia-reperfusion. (Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica 2014, Vol. 52, No. 1, 36–41

The effect of white tea on serum TNF-α/NF-κB and immunohistochemical parameters in cisplatin-related renal dysfunction in female rats

The study was funded by a grant from the scientific research foundation of Recep Tayyip Erdogan University .Objective: Nephrotoxicity is the most important side effect of the antineoplastic drug cisplatin, thereby restricting its use. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of white tea infusions (WT) against renal damage induced by cisplatin (CP) in rats by biochemical and histopathological means. Materials and methods: This study used 24 female Sprague Dawley rats at 12–14 weeks of age and weighing 250–300 g. Rats were divided into three groups: Control, CP and CP + WT groups. CP was injected 7 mg/kg i.p as a single dose/rat in the CP group. White tea was given at a dose of 0.5% (w/v) for 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, uric acid, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) along with caspase-3 in the kidney were evaluated in study. Results: BUN, creatinine, TNF-α NF-κB and IL-6 levels of the CP group showed a statisically significant increase in comparison to the control group. TNF-α NF-κB and IL-6 levels showed a statistically significant decrease in the CP + WT group with respect to the CP group. Caspase-3 levels in tubular epithelial cells decreased in CP + WT group compared with CP group (p = 0.02). Conclusion: White tea infusions reduced significantly the nephrotoxicity of CP. The anti-nephrotoxic feature of the infusion may be attributed primarily to its anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic characteristics

Neuron Types Of Cochlear Nucleus

The cochlear nuclei, located at the border between the medulla oblongata and pons around the point of entrance of acoustic nerve root, are the first neuronal centres to receive synaptic terminals from the acoustic nerve. The cochlear nucleus is the first relay station of the ascending auditory pathway that receives all efferent output coming from the cochlea. The cochlear nucleus is divided into a ventral part and a dorsal part, consisting of morphologically and physiology distinct types of neurons. Because the cochlear nucleus is related to hearing, it is also associated with language development and learning, therefore many morphological and physiological studies have been done in this nucleus. [Archives Medical Review Journal 2010; 19(2.000): 57-71

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen and iloprost on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion induced acute lung injury

YILMAZ, Yeliz/0000-0003-1811-122XWOS: 000455978400006PubMed: 30603632Purpose: To research the effects of iloprost (IL) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) combination treatment on lung injury and on tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) levels after tissue or organ ischemia-reperfusion, and on ischemia-reperfusion induced lung neutrophil sequestration. Methods: Forty white New Zealand rabbits were assigned randomly into 5 groups: HBO, IL, HBO+IL, control, and sham groups, TNF-alpha values were checked before ischemia, in the 1st hour of ischemia and in the 1st and 4th hours of reperfusion, also at the end of reperfusion period, plasma and tissue MPO values, MDA values, and sICAM-1 levels were detected. After sacrifice, the degree of lung injury was determined by histopathological examination. Results: Compared to the control group all therapy groups showed a drastically meaningful reduction in TNF-alpha increase in 1, 2, and 4 hours, Plasma and lung MDA, MPO, and sICAM-1 levels were significantly lower in IL, HBO, HBO+IL, and sham groups compared with the control group. IL and/or HBO suppressed MDA and MPO increase in the lung tissue and in plasma. Additionally, histopathological score was significantly lower in HBO, IL, HBO+IL, and sham groups than that of the control group. Conclusion: Both HBO and IL therapy have a beneficial effect by causing a meaningful reduction in TNF-alpha production, MPO, MDA, sICAM-1 levels and pulmonary neutrophil sequestration; which play a role, especially, in ischemia reperfusion induced lung damage

Effects of Infliximab against Methotrexate Toxicity in Splenic Tissue via the Regulation of CD3, CD68, and C200R in Rats

Mercantepe, Tolga/0000-0002-8506-1755WOS: 000484667700003PubMed: 31284287Methotrexate (MTX), which has been used in clinical practice for approximately 70 years, is still widely employed in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, and cancer. Although MTX toxicity causes nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, bone marrow suppression, pulmonary fibrosis, and gastrointestinal damage, previous studies have not addressed splenic toxicity. This is the first study to examine the effectiveness of infliximab (INF) against MTX-induced toxicity in splenic tissues via the regulation of CD3, CD68, and C200R. We investigated the effects of MTX on macrophages and T lymphocytes in the spleen at the molecular level and examined the protective potential of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha antagonist INF against MTX toxicity. Three groups of rats were set up. Group 1 received saline solution only, group 2 a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg), and group 3 INF (7 mg/kg) before administration of a single dose of MTX (20 mg/kg). All injections were given intraperitoneally. Spleen tissues were removed 5 days after MTX administration and evaluated for CD3, CD68, and CD200R using immunohistochemical staining. Finally, the mean numerical density of CD3+, CD68+, and CD200R+ cells was estimated by a histopathologist using StereoInvestigator 8. MTX increased the numerical densities of CD3+, CD68+, and CD200R+ cells (p < 0.05). We also observed that INF reduced the numerical densities of these cells following MTX administration (p < 0.05). INF may, therefore, be a promising candidate for the prevention of the deleterious effects on spleen tissue of MTX, used in the treatment of RA and cancer

Pathological Findings Observed in the Kidneys of Postnatal Male Rats Exposed to the 2100 MHz Electromagnetic Field

Mercantepe, Tolga/0000-0002-8506-1755WOS: 000466058100003PubMed: 30600117Background. the widespread use by young people of modern communication devices such as mobile phones means that they are particularly exposed to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and other problems. However, few studies have researched the effects of long-term exposure to EMF in the kidney. We therefore investigated oxidative stress and apoptosis in long-term exposure to 2100 megahertz (MHz) in a rat model. Materials and Methods. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into a control group (n = 8, no EMF exposure), a group exposed to 2100 MHz for 6 h for 30 d (n = 8), and a group exposed to 2100 MHz for 12 h for 30 d (n = 8). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed, using caspase-3 to evaluate apoptosis. Immediately after treatment, reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) in kidney tissue and serum levels of various biochemical compounds were measured to detect oxidative stress. Results. Deterioration was observed in the brush border in renal tubules of the EMF groups. the results of the immunohistochemical analysis revealed a greater number of positively stained renal tubular epithelial cells in the EMF groups as compared with that in the control group. in the EMF groups, renal MDA levels increased, and renal GSH levels decreased compared with those in the control group, as shown by a biochemical examination (p = 0.00 and p = 0.00, respectively). Conclusion. the findings showed that exposure to 2100 MHz for 6 and 12 h induced oxidative stress-mediated acute renal injury, depending on the length of exposure and dosage. (C) 2018 IMSS. Published by Elsevier Inc.Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Scientific Research Support Fund [2017-787]This work was supported by the Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Scientific Research Support Fund under Grant [2017-787]

Mobile phone radiation during pubertal development has no effect on testicular histology in rats

yilmaz, adnan/0000-0003-4842-1173WOS: 000369179000018PubMed: 24097363Mobile phones are extensively used throughout the world. There is a growing concern about the possible public health hazards posed by electromagnetic radiation emitted from mobile phones. Potential health risk applies particularly to the most intensive mobile phone users-typically, young people. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of mobile phone exposure to the testes, by assessing the histopathological and biochemical changes in the testicular germ cells of rats during pubertal development. A total of 12 male Sprague Dawley rats were used. the study group (n = 6) was exposed to a mobile phone for 1 h a day for 45 days, while the control group (n = 6) remained unexposed. the testes were processed with routine paraffin histology and sectioned. They were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, caspase 3, and Ki-67 and then photographed. No changes were observed between the groups (p > 0.05). the interstitial connective tissue and cells of the exposed group were of normal morphology. No abnormalities in the histological appearance of the seminiferous tubules, including the spermatogenic cycle stage, were observed. Our study demonstrated that mobile phones with a low specific absorption rate have no harmful effects on pubertal rat testicles.Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, TurkeyRecep Tayyip Erdogan UniversityThis work was supported by all authors with no external funding from a government agency or company. the animals, materials, and drugs were provided by the author L.T. as research fund from his institution (Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey.

Protective effects of amifostine, curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester against cisplatin-induced testis tissue damage in rats

Mercantepe, Tolga/0000-0002-8506-1755; Yazici, Zihni Acar/0000-0003-1603-6545WOS: 000428945200034PubMed: 29545862Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic drug that is usually used to treat a number of different types of cancer in the clinic. One of the most notable side effects of cisplatin use is infertility. the present study was designed to determine the non-oxidative testicular effects caused by the use of cisplatin in rats. the rats were randomly allocated to the experimental groups. the untreated rats represented the control group (group I) and the treatment groups were as follows: cisplatin alone (group II), cisplatin+amifostine (group III), cisplatin+curcumin (group IV), and cisplatin+caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE; group V). the present study observed that following cisplatin administration, the expression of nuclear factor-B (NF-)/p65, caspase-3 and 8-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) increased in germinal epithelium and Leydig cells. However, the expression of these markers decreased in groups III-V, most notably in the group treated with amifostine. cisplatin induced-damage was countered by amifostine and curcumin. the results revealed that the activation of NF-B, caspase-3 and 8-OHdG had a significant role in cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity. Thus, amifostine, curcumin and, to a lesser extent, CAPE have the potential for use as therapeutic adjuvants in cisplatin-induced testis injury