LES EFFETS DE LA CROISSANCE ET DE L'ENDETTEMENT SUR LES MULTIPLES DE CAPITAUX PROPRES : REPRESENTATION THEORIQUE ET COMPARAISON INTERNATIONALE

Cet article s‟interroge sur le rôle de la croissance et de l‟endettement sur l‟apport informationnel de la valeur comptable des fonds propres. A cette fin, un modèle de type Residual Income est développé et ses implications empiriques testées sur un échantillon d‟entreprises américaines, de pays développés hors Etats-Unis et de pays émergents sur la période 2000-2007. Les résultats montrent que dans la plupart des pays considérés, l‟association entre la valeur comptable et la valeur de marché des fonds propres dépend significativement du stade de croissance et des modalités de financement caractérisant l‟entreprisen entreprise en la matière. Par ailleurs, l'engagement affectif envers la profession est lié à l'acquisition de compétences en matière de RSE.Residual income – Association studies – ERC – Endettement – Book value

Prevalence and clinical significance of solitary pulmonary sub-segmental microembolism

BACKGROUND: Solitary pulmonary microembolism is rarely discussed as a distinct diagnostic entity. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence and clinical significance of embolism limited to subsegmental branches in a group of patients discharged from hospital on anticoagulants with a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism based on ventilation-perfusion imaging followed by selective angiography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of 29 consecutive patients with classic signs of pulmonary embolism at angiography, we identified a subgroup of 5 patients with sub-segmental embolism, which was solitary in all cases. RESULTS: Clinical presentation included chest pain (2/5), shortness of breath (2/5, or hypoxemia (1/5). Chest X-rays were normal (2/5), or showed pulmonary oedema (1/5) or atelectasis with (1/5), or without (1/5) pleural effusion. VQ imaging patterns included small subsegmental mismatch (1/5), one segment mismatch (1/5), single (1/5) or triple (2/5) match. The site and size of the microemboli found at angiography were incompatible with the location and severity of symptoms in 4/5 (80%) patients, and with location and extent of Chest X-ray findings and with VQ patterns in all patients. VQ abnormalities were either either disproportionably larger or were non congruent with the vascular territory compromised by the subsegmental embolus. CONCLUSIONS: Sub-segmental pulmonary micro-emboli were always solitary, and not uncommon, comprising 17% of all patients with pulmonary embolism. The location and size of the emboli were inconsistent with clinical, Chest X-ray and scintigraphic findings, suggesting that isolated microemboli are a serendipitous finding, of no clinical significance

La réactivité des analystes financiers en temps de crise au sein de la zone euro

Cet article étudie le lien de causalité entre les variations de cours boursiers et les révisions des prévisions de bénéfice par action formulées par les analystes financiers de la zone Euro lors de la crise financière de 2007-2008. L'étude montre qu'en 2008, les révisions des prévisions avaient un lien moins fort qu'en 2006, année de référence, avec les variations contemporaines de cours et plus fort avec les variations des 3 derniers mois. Ces résultats sont robustes lorsqu'on contrôle les effets du nombre des analystes, du volume des transactions et de l'asymétrie d'information. A partir de ces résultats, nous concluons que les analystes n'ont pas été source d'une information accélérant le krach boursier mais ont ajusté progressivement leur production pour la mettre en accord avec les sentiments du marché.Marché boursier ; Prévisions des analystes ; Résultat comptable

Competition from emerging countries, international relocation and their impacts on employment

International relocation has become a topical issue in recent months, in France as elsewhere in Europe. This working paper is a set of four articles. Guillaume Daudin and Sandrine Levasseur provide an assessment of the impact of international relocation on French employment. Georges Pujals deals with offshore outsourcing in the financial sector from a European perspective. Catherine Mathieu and Henri Sterdyniak focus on policy measures taken or to be taken in face of job losses in the French economy. Jean-Luc Gaffard and Michel Quéré show that free competition alone is not optimal for European economies and that a combination of structural and growth oriented macroeconomic policies is needed

Awareness Tool for Safe and Responsible Driving (OSCAR) : A Potential Educational Intervention for Increasing Interest, Openness and Knowledge About the Abilities Required and Compensatory Strategies Among Older Drivers

Abstract : Objective: This pilot study aimed to verify the impact of the awareness tool for safe and responsible driving (OSCAR) on older adults’ (1) interest, openness, and knowledge about the abilities and compensatory strategies required for safe driving; (2) awareness of changes that have occurred in their own driving abilities; and (3) actual utilization of compensatory strategies. Methods: A preexperimental design, including a pretest (T0) and posttest (T1) 8 to 10 weeks after exposure to the intervention, was used with 48 drivers aged between 67 and 84. The participants had a valid driving license and drove at least once a week. Results: Overall, the results demonstrate that OSCAR increased interest, openness, and knowledge about the abilities and compensatory strategies of older drivers (P < .01). After exposure to OSCAR, the majority of the participants confirmed that changes had occurred in at least one of their abilities. Moreover, half of the older drivers reported having started using 6 or more compensatory strategies. Conclusion: In summary, in addition to increasing older adults’ interest, openness, and knowledge to discussion about driving, OSCAR also improved awareness of the changes that could negatively impact safe driving and enhanced utilization of compensatory strategies. While promoting safe driving and the prevention of crashes and injuries, this intervention could ultimately help older adults maintain or increase their transportation mobility. More studies are needed to further evaluate OSCAR and identify ways to improve its effectiveness

Le FORUM, Vol. 39 No. 4

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/francoamericain_forum/1047/thumbnail.jp

In-Space Utilisation of Asteroids::“Answers to Questions from the Asteroid Miners”

The aim of the Asteroid Science Intersections with In-­Space Mine Engineering (ASIME) 2016 conference on September 21-­‐22, 2016 in Luxembourg City wasto provide an environment for the detailed discussion of the specific properties of asteroids, with the engineering needs of space missions that utilize asteroids.The ASIME 2016 Conference produced a layered record of discussions from theasteroid scientists and the asteroid miners to understand each other’s key concerns and to address key scientific questions from the asteroid mining companies: Planetary Resources, Deep Space Industries and TransAstra. These Questions were the focus of the two day conference, were addressed byscientists inside and outside of the ASIME Conference and are the focus ofthis White Paper.The Questions from the asteroid mining companies have been sorted into the three asteroid science themes: 1) survey, 2) surface and 3) subsurface and 4)Other. The answers to those Questions have been provided by the scientists with their conference presentations or edited directly into an early open-­‐access collaborative Google document (August 2016-­‐October 2016), or inserted byA. Graps using additional reference materials. During the ASIME 2016 last two-­‐hours, the scientists turned the Questions from the Asteroid Miners around by presenting their own key concerns: Questions from the Asteroid Scientists. These answers in this White Paper will point to the Science Knowledge Gaps (SKGs) for advancing the asteroid in-­‐space resource utilisation domain