Comparative analysis of thalamic and hippocampal volume in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy responsive or not to drug therapy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the variation of thalamic and hippocampal volume in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) refractory or responsive to drug therapy. METHODS: We analyzed 26 patients with MTLE responsive to drug therapy, 25 refractory and 23 controls through the manual delineation of anatomic limits of the hippocampus and thalamus, in sequential sections of MR images. The DISPLAY software was used. Statistical analysis was performed using the program Systat 9. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between controls and patients groups for thalamic volumes ipsilateral to epileptogenic focus (p=0.00004). There was no statistical difference between the 3 groups for the volumes of the thalamus contralateral to the epileptogenic focus. There was significant correlation between ipsilateral hippocampus and thalamus ipsilateral to epileptogenic focus (r=0.35, p=0.004). The older the age, the lower the ipsilateral thalamic volume (p=0.002 and r=-0.37). CONCLUSION: The data showed that hippocampal atrophy is also present in patients with TLE and good seizure control. The atrophy of thalamus was correlated with the age of patients, which may also indicate that other factors besides the seizure frequency influences the degree of damage of this structure.OBJETIVO: Verificar variação no volume hipocampal e talâmico entre pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal mesial (ELTM) refratários ou responsivos ao tratamento medicamentoso. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 26 pacientes com ELTM com boa resposta ao tratamento medicamentoso (grupo benigno), 25 refratários e 23 controles por meio do delineamento manual dos limites anatômicos do hipocampo e tálamo, em cortes sequenciais das imagens de RM. O Software DISPLAY foi utilizado. Análise estatística foi realizada com o programa Systat 9. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença estatística entre os controles e os grupos benigno e refratário para os volumes do tálamo ipsilateral ao foco epileptogênico (p=0,00004). Não houve diferença estatística entre os três grupos para os volumes de tálamo contralateral ao foco epileptogênico. Houve correlação significativa entre hipocampo ipsilateral e tálamo ipsilateral ao foco epileptogênico (r=0,35 e p=0,004). Quanto maior a idade, menor o volume talâmico ipsilateral (p=0,002 e r=-0,37). CONCLUSÃO: Os dados demonstraram que atrofia hipocampal está presente também em pacientes com ELTM e bom controle medicamentoso, sem diferença significativa com a atrofia de pacientes refratários. A atrofia do tálamo foi correlacionada com a idade dos pacientes, o que também pode indicar que outros fatores além da frequência de crises influenciam o grau de lesão nesta estrutura.414

Behavioral manifestations in a Brazilian non-demented C9orf72-negative ALS population

Cognitive decline and behavioral changes are common features in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and imply worse prognosis as well as increased disease burden for patients and caregivers. Currently, there is a lack of studies regarding behavioral profile in Brazilian ALS cohorts. We assessed the prevalence and profile of behavioral impairment (ALSbi) in a Brazilian non-demented C9orf72-negative ALS cohort according to broad behavioral assessment and the latest consensus. Among 76 initially recruited consecutive ALS patients, 70 were included, including seven ALS type 8 (VAPB-related ALS) individuals. Patients with Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) diagnosis were excluded. Sixteen ALS patients (23%) were diagnosed as ALSbi. Among ALS type 8 individuals, 2 (28.6%) were diagnosed as ALSbi. Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI) total scores did positively correlate with age, but not with other demographic or clinical data. Apathy was the most prevalent finding in the ALSbi subgroup, although the prevalence (20%) was smaller than reported in previous literature. Dysphoria and anxiety were also prevalent findings in the whole ALS cohort. Future studies with larger cohorts and validated ALS-specific tools are needed in order to expand our knowledge211-2100106CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQNão te