Geoepidemiology of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in the South of Rondônia, Brazilian Amazon

American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) is one of the parasites with specific characteristics in several regions of Brazil. In recent years, there have been variations in the increase in the number of cases of this disease in different regions of the country. In the state of Rondônia, ACL is considered one of the endemic diseases. Objective: This study described epidemiological aspects of ACL in a subspace of Rondônia, Western Amazon, in the period between 2012 and 2013. Method: This is a retrospective epidemiological study developed in 02 municipalities located in the south of Rondônia according to with model developed by Paraguassu-Chaves [3] comprising the municipalities of Vilhena and Chupinguaia. Results: The study revealed that 370 human cases of ACL were reported in the study period. The male gender predominated with (89.5%) of the total cases, the age range (20 to 39) years (36.6%) prevailed, low schooling (80%) had a maximum of complete elementary education (62.5%). The greatest number of cases came from the urban zone (66.9%), resulting from the adaptation of sandflies to the periurbanization of cities in the Amazon, as predicted by Paraguassu-Chaves [3]. Some of these variables presented significant differences when compared to production and distribution in the State of Rondônia. Prevalence of autochthonous cases was 81.7%. Regarding the clinical aspects, the cutaneous lesion (CL) predominated with 90.8% of the new cases. As expected, the cases confirmed by confirmation criteria indicate 89.5% clinical-laboratory confirmation in the studied subspace and 94% in the State of Rondônia. Of the cases confirmed by evolution of the case prevailed to cure with 77.5% and 12.5% ignored or recorded in the blank. The dropout still stands out negatively with 8.4%. Conclusion: The ACL presents a public health problem due to its high endemicity. It was identified some important epidemiological variables for the study in the Brazilian Amazon and that can condition and / or determine areas associated with possible risks of infection by the parasites

Expressions of Human Sexuality in the Phallic and Latency Phases: Reports from a Field Observation in Children of Porto Velho, Brazil

The present study was conducted according to the Freudian subdivisions on human psychosexuality. The study on sexuality can be subdivided and directed to several themes, walking through several areas of knowledge, where each theoretical field contributes significantly to such study. This work was part of the studies of the discipline Human Sexuality of the Course of Psychology of the Federal University of Rondônia in the second semester of 2017 and reports an observation made with four children, having as subjects children in the age group of 3 to 8 years, whose names used in this Freud's contributions to human sexuality, with emphasis on the phallic phase and latency period, are fictitious and based on theory. To assist in the field observations on the phases, a plan of observations was made with a script of aspects to be observed considering the literature that already indicates some characteristics attributed to this stage of human life. As a result, it was observed that there are clear correspondences between the literature and the practice, however, there is a need to broaden the means and resources of observation to deepen the research, producing, in turn, a better analytical apparatus

Local Power as the Basis of the Understanding of the Federative Pact

The research aimed to describe the existing problems in the relationship between City, State and Federal Government, through the Brazilian Federative Pact, mainly for municipalities with population of less than 50,000 inhabitants. The research is structured from a qualitative perspective. The theoretical framework was built from the local power of the discussion based on the understanding of the federal pact and local interest and the municipality in Brazil. The paper argues that the federal pact is little debated, discussed, much less questioned by society in general, it only strengthens the lack of a legal and institutional framework for coordination and cooperation among federal entities in the country, which results in public policy fragmented the territory and without direction, causing waste of public resources

Rarity of monodominance in hyperdiverse Amazonian forests.

Tropical forests are known for their high diversity. Yet, forest patches do occur in the tropics where a single tree species is dominant. Such "monodominant" forests are known from all of the main tropical regions. For Amazonia, we sampled the occurrence of monodominance in a massive, basin-wide database of forest-inventory plots from the Amazon Tree Diversity Network (ATDN). Utilizing a simple defining metric of at least half of the trees ≥ 10 cm diameter belonging to one species, we found only a few occurrences of monodominance in Amazonia, and the phenomenon was not significantly linked to previously hypothesized life history traits such wood density, seed mass, ectomycorrhizal associations, or Rhizobium nodulation. In our analysis, coppicing (the formation of sprouts at the base of the tree or on roots) was the only trait significantly linked to monodominance. While at specific locales coppicing or ectomycorrhizal associations may confer a considerable advantage to a tree species and lead to its monodominance, very few species have these traits. Mining of the ATDN dataset suggests that monodominance is quite rare in Amazonia, and may be linked primarily to edaphic factors