666 research outputs found
Efficient Cross-Domain Federated Learning by MixStyle Approximation
With the advent of interconnected and sensor-equipped edge devices, Federated
Learning (FL) has gained significant attention, enabling decentralized learning
while maintaining data privacy. However, FL faces two challenges in real-world
tasks: expensive data labeling and domain shift between source and target
samples. In this paper, we introduce a privacy-preserving, resource-efficient
FL concept for client adaptation in hardware-constrained environments. Our
approach includes server model pre-training on source data and subsequent
fine-tuning on target data via low-end clients. The local client adaptation
process is streamlined by probabilistic mixing of instance-level feature
statistics approximated from source and target domain data. The adapted
parameters are transferred back to the central server and globally aggregated.
Preliminary results indicate that our method reduces computational and
transmission costs while maintaining competitive performance on downstream
tasks.Comment: Accepted at the Adapting to Change: Reliable Multimodal Learning
Across Domains Workshop @ ECML PKKD 202
The Ursinus Weekly, February 9, 1942
Dancers at Lorelei to slide and glide with Wally Spotts • Vespers speaker calls attention to spiritual conflict • College work-study plan to enable students to work in defense plants • Toyland Fantasy by Betty Urich will be script for May Pageant • Pre-med society hears outline of specialists\u27 work • Women to meet Swarthmore in debate Wednesday night • Attention, men! • Callahan, Curtis, and Heckman to lead panel discussion at IRC • Central Nominating Committee elects Joyce Tuers chairman • Activity schedules are curtailed due to accelerated program • Students present gift to Miss Moll as token of esteem and farewell • Heibel sets next Monday as deadline for Lantern articles • For prospective sisters! • Curtain Club to stage three one-act plays for Mothers\u27 Day program • Members of Y retreat to Arcola in order to formulate program • Scum to cream is Horatio tale of frosh through rushing week • Commentator: Today, the war; Tomorrow - ? • Blood for the Red Cross • Superficiality exemplified • Society notes • Wrestlers face Mules Thursday • Bear clan surprises by holding Lions to 49-46 but hapless Dutchmen outfit baffles Bears Saturday, 39-36 • Outstanding addition: Arno Kuhn • Dutchmen frosh blast cubs, 40-22, Saturday • Freshman quintet drops game to Albright, 40-27 • Intramurals stressed in World War I; Classes shortened also • Snell\u27s Jay-Vees win close game from Reading teamhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/3116/thumbnail.jp
XMM-Newton observations of the hot spot galaxy NGC 2903
We report on the first deeper X-ray broad-band observation of the hot spot
galaxy NGC 2903 obtained with XMM-Newton. X-ray imaging and spectra of the
spiral barred galaxy were obtained from XMM-Newton archival data to study its
X-ray population and the conditions of the hot gas in its central region. We
investigate the spectral properties of the discrete point-source population and
give estimates of their X-ray spectral parameters. By analysing the RGS
spectra, we derive temperature and abundances for the hot gas located in its
central region. A total of six X-ray point sources (four of them ULX
candidates) were detected in the energy range of 0.3-10.0 keV located within
the galaxy D25 optical disk. Three of these sources are detected for the first
time, and one of them with a luminosity of higher than 10^39 erg/s. After
fitting three different models, we were able to estimate their luminosities,
which are compatible with those of binaries with a compact object in the form
of black holes (BHs) rather than neutron stars (NSs). We extracted the combined
first-order RGS1 and RGS2 spectra of its central region, which display several
emission lines. Both O\,{\sc vii} and lines seem to be of similar
strength, which is consistent with the presence of the collisionally ionized
gas that is typical of starburst galaxies. We fitted the spectrum to a model
for a plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium (CIE) and the continuum was
modelled with a power law, resulting in a plasma temperature of T = 0.31 \pm
0.01 keV and an emission measure EM \equiv n_Hn_eV =6.4_{-0.4}^{+0.5}\times
10^{61}^{-3}. We also estimated abundances that are consistent with solar
values.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, resubmission
corrects typographical errors and improves exposition according to the
referee's suggestion
Dynamical tunneling in molecules: Quantum routes to energy flow
Dynamical tunneling, introduced in the molecular context, is more than two
decades old and refers to phenomena that are classically forbidden but allowed
by quantum mechanics. On the other hand the phenomenon of intramolecular
vibrational energy redistribution (IVR) has occupied a central place in the
field of chemical physics for a much longer period of time. Although the two
phenomena seem to be unrelated several studies indicate that dynamical
tunneling, in terms of its mechanism and timescales, can have important
implications for IVR. Examples include the observation of local mode doublets,
clustering of rotational energy levels, and extremely narrow vibrational
features in high resolution molecular spectra. Both the phenomena are strongly
influenced by the nature of the underlying classical phase space. This work
reviews the current state of understanding of dynamical tunneling from the
phase space perspective and the consequences for intramolecular vibrational
energy flow in polyatomic molecules.Comment: 37 pages and 23 figures (low resolution); Int. Rev. Phys. Chem.
(Review to appear in Oct. 2007
Classical Limit of Demagnetization in a Field Gradient
We calculate the rate of decrease of the expectation value of the transverse
component of spin for spin-1/2 particles in a magnetic field with a spatial
gradient, to determine the conditions under which a previous classical
description is valid. A density matrix treatment is required for two reasons.
The first arises because the particles initially are not in a pure state due to
thermal motion. The second reason is that each particle interacts with the
magnetic field and the other particles, with the latter taken to be via a
2-body central force. The equations for the 1-body Wigner distribution
functions are written in a general manner, and the places where quantum
mechanical effects can play a role are identified. One that may not have been
considered previously concerns the momentum associated with the magnetic field
gradient, which is proportional to the time integral of the gradient. Its
relative magnitude compared with the important momenta in the problem is a
significant parameter, and if their ratio is not small some non-classical
effects contribute to the solution.
Assuming the field gradient is sufficiently small, and a number of other
inequalities are satisfied involving the mean wavelength, range of the force,
and the mean separation between particles, we solve the integro- partial
differential equations for the Wigner functions to second order in the strength
of the gradient. When the same reasoning is applied to a different problem with
no field gradient, but having instead a gradient to the z-component of
polarization, the connection with the diffusion coefficient is established, and
we find agreement with the classical result for the rate of decrease of the
transverse component of magnetization.Comment: 22 pages, no figure
Waning efficacy in a long-term AAV-mediated gene therapy study in the murine model of Krabbe disease
Neonatal AAV9-gene therapy of the lysosomal enzyme galactosylceramidase (GALC) significantly ameliorates central and peripheral neuropathology, prolongs survival, and largely normalizes motor deficits in Twitcher mice. Despite these therapeutic milestones, new observations identified the presence of multiple small focal demyelinating areas in the brain after 6-8 months. These lesions are in stark contrast to the diffuse, global demyelination that affects the brain of naive Twitcher mice. Late-onset lesions exhibited lysosomal alterations with reduced expression of GALC and increased psychosine levels. Furthermore, we found that lesions were closely associated with the extravasation of plasma fibrinogen and activation of the fibrinogen-BMP-SMAD-GFAP gliotic response. Extravasation of fibrinogen correlated with tight junction disruptions of the vasculature within the lesioned areas. The lesions were surrounded by normal appearing white matter. Our study shows that the dysregulation of therapeutic GALC was likely driven by the exhaustion of therapeutic AAV episomal DNA within the lesions, paralleling the presence of proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors and glia. We believe that this is the first demonstration of diminishing expression in vivo from an AAV gene therapy vector with detrimental effects in the brain of a lysosomal storage disease animal model. The development of this phenotype linking localized loss of GALC activity with relapsing neuropathology in the adult brain of neonatally AAV-gene therapy-treated Twitcher mice identifies and alerts to possible late-onset reductions of AAV efficacy, with implications to other genetic leukodystrophies
Development of online use of theory of mind during adolescence: an eye-tracking study
We investigated the development of theory of mind use through eye-tracking in children (9–13 years old, n = 14), adolescents (14–17.9 years old, n = 28), and adults (19–29 years old, n = 23). Participants performed a computerized task in which a director instructed them to move objects placed on a set of shelves. Some of the objects were blocked off from the director’s point of view; therefore, participants needed to take into consideration the director’s ignorance of these objects when following the director’s instructions. In a control condition, participants performed the same task in the absence of the director and were told that the instructions would refer only to items in slots without a back panel, controlling for general cognitive demands of the task. Participants also performed two inhibitory control tasks. We replicated previous findings, namely that in the director-present condition, but not in the control condition, children and adolescents made more errors than adults, suggesting that theory of mind use improves between adolescence and adulthood. Inhibitory control partly accounted for errors on the director task, indicating that it is a factor of developmental change in perspective taking. Eye-tracking data revealed early eye gaze differences between trials where the director’s perspective was taken into account and those where it was not. Once differences in accuracy rates were considered, all age groups engaged in the same kind of online processing during perspective taking but differed in how often they engaged in perspective taking. When perspective is correctly taken, all age groups’ gaze data point to an early influence of perspective information
Comparison of long-term mortality risk following normal exercise vs adenosine myocardial perfusion SPECT
A higher frequency of clinical events has been observed in patients undergoing pharmacological vs exercise myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). While this difference is attributed to greater age and co-morbidities, it is not known whether these tests also differ in prognostic ability among patients with similar clinical profiles.
We assessed all-cause mortality rates in 6,069 patients, followed for 10.2 ± 1.7 years after undergoing exercise or adenosine SPECT. We employed propensity analysis to match exercise and adenosine subgroups by age, gender, symptoms, and coronary risk factors. Within our propensity-matched cohorts, adenosine patients had an annualized mortality rate event rates that was more than twice that of exercise patients (3.9% vs 1.6%, P < .0001). Differences in mortality persisted among age groups, including those <55 years old. In the exercise cohort, mortality was inversely related to exercise duration, with comparable mortality noted for patients exercising <3 min and those undergoing adenosine testing.
Among patients with normal stress SPECT tests, those undergoing adenosine testing manifest a mortality rate that is substantially higher than that observed among adequately exercising patients, but comparable to that observed among very poorly exercising patients. This elevated risk underscores an important challenge for managing patients undergoing pharmacological stress testing
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