1,794 research outputs found
Milton Keynes: an outline cost-benefit study
This is a preliminary survey of some of the factors which would need to
be investigated in the design and cost-benefit analysis of alternative
transport systems for Milton Keynes. It outlines the framework within which
further work can be developed and provides some order-of-magnitude estimates
for basic elements in the transport cost-benefit equations
Milton Keynes - preliminary estimates of regional traffic flows in 1981
The Milton Keynes Development Corporation and their planning
consultants have asked the College Transport Group to investigate the
scale of likely regional traffic flows into and out of Milton Keynes.
At this stage the emphasis is on providing information for the preparation
of a Master Plan for the city itself, rather than detailed traffic
estimates for planning transport systems in the surrounding region.
Population estimates for 1981 have been obtained from County
Councils for areas within a 20 mile radius of the new city, and the
proportions attracted to Milton Keynes for work and shopping assessed
using gravity model techniques. Separate estimates have been made of
work journeys from the city to regional employment and to London.
Possible upper and lower limits to these forecasts are included to
account for many uncertainties in the absolute and relative growth of
population, employment and shopping opportunities in the city itself and
in the surrounding region. The results are presented as traffic flews
into and out of octant sectors around the city. Flows to the east are
greater than to the west with work trip flows of the order of 2,500 person
trips each way in the most heavily loaded sectors. A 1981 city population
of 150,000 is likely to produce at least 1,500 daily commuters to London
using the fast rail service, with an additional 200 commuters from the region
using Milton Keynes railway station
Partial purification of tumour-specific transplantation antigens from methylcholanthrene-induced murine sarcomas by immobilized lectins.
Plasma membranes isolated from two immunogenic, non-cross-protecting, MC sarcomas were shown to retain the specific rejection antigens of whole cells as well as serologically detected H-2 antigens. Solubilization of the membranes with sodium deoxycholate gave quantitative release of H-2 and retained the rejection specificity of the tumour from which it was derived. Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis (PAGE) showed no extensive degradation of membrane components during solubilization. The solubilized TSTAs were further characterized and purified on columns of 4 different lectins immobilized on sepharose beads. TSTA from both tumours bound to WGA but not to Con A, LCH or RCA columns. Specific activity was retained after elution from the WGA column. Serologically detectable H-2 bound to the Con A and LCH columns only. Clear separation of H-2 from TSTA activity was thus obtained. Furthermore the WGA-binding material represents a source for further purification of TSTA molecules in order to explore the basis for their diversity
Oral health promotion in acute hospital setting: a quality improvement programme
Tooth extraction is the most common hospital procedure for children aged 6â10 years in England. Tooth decay is almost entirely preventable and is inequitably distributed across the population: it can cause pain, infection, school absences and undermine overall health status. An oral health programme (OHP) was delivered in a hospital setting, comprising: (1) health promotion activities; (2) targeted supervised toothbrushing (STB) and (3) staff training. Outcomes were measured using three key performance indicators (KPI1: percentage of children/families seeing promotional material; KPI2: number of children receiving STB; KPI3: number of staff trained) and relevant qualitative indicators. Data were collected between November 2019 and August 2021 using surveys and data from the online booking platform. OHP delivery was impacted by COVID-19, with interventions interrupted, reduced, eliminated or delivered differently (eg, in-person training moved online). Despite these challenges, progress against all KPIs was made. 93 posters were deployed across the hospital site, along with animated video 41% (233/565) of families recalled seeing OHP materials across the hospital site (KPI1). 737 children received STB (KPI2), averaging 35 children/month during the active project. Following STB, 96% participants stated they learnt something, and 94% committed to behaviour change. Finally, 73 staff members (KPI3) received oral health training. All people providing feedback (32/32) reported learning something new from the training session, with 84% (27/32) reporting that they would do things differently in the future. Results highlight the importance of flexibility and resilience when delivering QI projects under challenging conditions or unforeseen circumstances. While results suggest that hospital-based OHP is potentially an effective and equitable way to improve patient, family and staff knowledge of good oral health practices, future work is needed to understand if and how patients and staff put into practice the desired behaviour change and what impact this may have on oral health outcomes
Cross-Cultural Understanding of Health Assessments for People with Intellectual Disability: An Australian resource in the Philippines
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has resulted in the involvement of high income countries in international development assistance to people with disabilities in low and middle income countries. Healthcare tools designed in high income countries and delivered in low and middle income countries may not be appropriate to the context of the lives of people with disabilities. We undertook a short qualitative study of participantsâ views of an Australian-designed comprehensive health assessment tool, with participation from a WHO-Collaborating non-government organisation in regional Philippines. We also examined the participantsâ perceptions of the barriers to healthcare for Filipinos with intellectual disabilities. Responses to the comprehensive health assessment tool were positive although participants agreed that both linguistic and cultural translation would enhance wider use of the tool. The barriers identified included poverty, family isolation, stigma and communication issues as preventing appropriate healthcare delivery to Filipinos with intellectual disability. Consideration must be given to the complexities of transference of healthcare resources to a low and middle income country context, as well as the systemic and cultural barriers to appropriate healthcare provision to people with disabilities
Redshift clustering in the Hubble Deep Field
We present initial results from a redshift survey carried out with the Low
Resolution Imaging Spectrograph on the 10~m W. M. Keck Telescope in the Hubble
Deep Field. In the redshift distribution of the 140 extragalactic objects in
this sample we find 6 strong peaks, with velocity dispersions of
{\kms}. The areal density of objects within a particular peak, while
it may be non-uniform, does not show evidence for strong central concentration.
These peaks have characteristics (velocity dispersions, density enhancements,
spacing, and spatial extent) similar to those seen in a comparable redshift
survey in a different high galactic latitude field (Cohen et al 1996),
confirming that the structures are generic. They are probably the high redshift
counterparts of huge galaxy structures (``walls'') observed locally.Comment: 14 pages, including 2 figures, to appear in ApJ Letter
Caltech Faint Galaxy Redshift Survey X: A Redshift Survey in the Region of the Hubble Deep Field North
A redshift survey has been carried out in the region of the Hubble Deep Field
North using the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph at the Keck Observatory.
The resulting redshift catalog, which contains 671 entries, is a compendium of
our own data together with published LRIS/Keck data. It is more than 92%
complete for objects, irrespective of morphology, to mag in the HDF
itself and to mag in the Flanking Fields within a diameter of 8 arcmin
centered on the HDF, an unusually high completion for a magnitude limited
survey performed with a large telescope. A median redshift is reached
at .
Strong peaks in the redshift distribution, which arise when a group or poor
cluster of galaxies intersect the area surveyed, can be identified to in this dataset. More than 68% of the galaxies are members of these
redshift peaks. In a few cases, closely spaced peaks in can be resolved
into separate groups of galaxies that can be distinguished in both velocity and
location on the sky.
The radial separation of these peaks in the pencil-beam survey is consistent
with a characteristic length scale for the their separation of 70 Mpc
in our adopted cosmology (, ). Strong
galaxy clustering is in evidence at all epochs back to . (abstract
abridged)Comment: Accepted to the ApJ. This version contains all the figures and
tables. 2 minor typos in table 2b correcte
Peer mentorship and positive effects on student mentor and mentee retention and academic success
This study examined how the introduction of peer mentorship in an undergraduate health and social welfare programme at a large northern university affected student learning. Using an ethnographic case study approach, the study draws upon data collected from a small group of mentors and their mentees over a period of one academic year using interviews, reflective journals, assessment and course evaluation data.
Analysis of the data collected identified a number of key findings: peer mentorship improves assessment performance for both mentee and mentor; reduces stress and anxiety, enhances participation and engagement in the academic community, and adds value to student outcomes
How should we incentivize private landowners to "produce" more biodiversity?
Globally, much biodiversity is found on private land. Acting to conserve such biodiversity thus requires the design of policies which influence the decision-making of farmers and foresters. In this paper, we outline the economic characteristics of this problem, before reviewing a number of policy options such as conservation auctions and conservation easements. We then discuss a number of policy design problems, such as need for spatial coordination and the choice between paying for outcomes rather than actions, before summarizing what the evidence and theory developed to date tells us about those aspects of biodiversity policy design which need careful attention from policy makers and environmental regulators
The Luminosity Function of Lyman Alpha Emitters at Redshift z~5.7
We report results of a deep wide-field narrowband survey for redshift z~5.7
Ly alpha emitters carried out with SuprimeCam on Subaru 8.3-m telescope. Deep
narrowband imaging of the SSA22 field through a 120 A bandpass filter centered
at 8150 A was combined with deep multicolor RIz' SuprimeCam broadband imaging,
and BVRZ imaging taken with CFHT's CFH12K camera to select high-redshift galaxy
candidates. Spectroscopic observations were made using the new wide-field
multi-object DEIMOS spectrograph on Keck for 22 of the 26 candidate objects.
Eighteen objects were identified as z~5.7 Lyman alpha emitters, and a further
nineteenth candidate was identified based on an LRIS spectrum. At the 3.3 A
resolution of the DEIMOS spectra the asymmetric profile for Ly alpha emission
with its steep blue fall-off can be clearly seen. We use this to describe the
distribution of equivalent widths and the continuum color break properties for
z~5.7 Ly alpha galaxies compared with foreground objects. The large majority
(>75%) of Ly alpha lines have rest frame equivalent widths less than 240 A and
can be understood in terms of young star forming galaxies with a Salpeter
initial mass function for the stars. With narrowband selection criteria of I-N
> 0.7 and N<25.05 (AB mags) we find a surface density of Ly alpha emitters of
0.03 per square arcminute per (deltaz=0.1) to a limiting flux just under 2e-17
erg/cm2/s. The luminosity function of the Ly alpha emitters is similar to that
at lower redshifts to the lowest measurable luminosity of 1e43 ergs/s as is the
universal star formation rate based on their continuum properties. We note that
the objects are highly structured in both spatial and spectral properties on
the angular scale of the fields (~60 Mpc), and that multiple fields will have
to be averaged to accurately measure their ensemble properties.Comment: 12 pages, 20 figures, emulateapj, to appear in the Astronomical
Journal (February 2004), version with higher quality figures available at
http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/publications/preprints/Hu_03-95.pdf Fixed problem
with cited papers appearing as numbered hypertex links instead of text (only
affected astro-ph pdf file
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