Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants and their possible drug interactions in two cities of the South of Brazil / Estudo etnofarmacológico de plantas medicinais e suas possíveis interações medicamentosas em duas cidades do Sul do Brasil

Medicinal plants have been used by the population for several years for treatment and prevention of diseases. Folk knowledge of plants can serve as information on efficacy and toxicity of these vegetables. Many people think that because they are natural, plants are free of side effects and interactions with the medicines that they used. The present study had as objective to conduct an ethnopharmacological survey of medicinal plants in the Brazilian cities of Manoel Viana, RS, and São Francisco de Assis, RS, and to evaluate their possible drug interactions. The present work was carried out through interviews, where individuals were questioned about the use of plants and of medicines. Of the 205 participants interviewed, most were women (79%), approximately 98% used medicinal plants, and approximately 82% reported the presence of chronic diseases in their communities and the use of pharmaceuticals to treat them. The medicinal plants cited most often were Achyrocline satureioides, Peumus boldus Molina, Chamomilla recutita, Cymbopogon citratus (DC), and Melissa officinalis L, while the most frequent chronic diseases mentioned were arterial hypertension, depression, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. The drugs cited most often were hydrochlorothiazide, losartan, simvastatin, and metformin, and the results of the study revealed numerous plant–drug interactions. Results of the study indicate a profile of the use of medicinal plants and synthetic drugs used by the population of Manoel Viana, RS, and São Francisco de Assis, RS, Brazil.       

Utilização da farinha e óleo de noni no controle alternativo de Rhizoctonia solani em soja/ Use of flour and noni oil in the alternative control of Rhizoctonia solani in soy

A planta noni como é conhecida popularmente, é utilizada pelos seus efeitos com atividade antibacteriana. A fruta possui características medicinais, combatendo bactérias, infecções virais, parasitárias e fúngicas. A soja é a cultura agrícola que mais cresceu nas últimas três décadas no Brasil e corresponde a 49% da área plantada em grãos do país. Como toda cultura a soja é afetada por patógenos, um dos principais problemas que limitam a obtenção de altos rendimentos, mesmo em áreas em expansão. Dentre as doenças, o tombamento, é causada pelo fungo R. solani um patógeno habitante do solo. Neste contexto, o controle alternativo de doenças de plantas utiliza produtos naturais com atividade antimicrobiana direta. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial do resíduo orgânico (farinha) de noni e o óleo do fruto noni no controle alternativo de R. solani em soja. O fungo R. solani foi isolado a partir de lesões presentes em plantas de soja (Glycine max) com sintomas da doença, sendo cultivado em meio BDA (Batata dextrose ágar). O material vegetal passou pelo processo de lavagem, homogeneização e secagem em estufa a 60 ºC durante 72 h, sendo posteriormente triturado e armazenado em recipiente fechado a 25 ± 1ºC, até sua utilização. O óleo essencial foi extraído empregando o método de hidrodestilação, utilizando-se o aparelho de Clevenger modificado. Entre os extratos e o óleo essencial de noni testados, o que apresentou melhor efeito antifúngico sobre o fitopatógeno R. solani foi o óleo, com inibição de 100% na maior concentração

Implicações da radiação na saúde dos profissionais que utilizam a fluoroscopia na prática diária: Implications of radiation on the health of professionals who use the fluoroscopy in daily practice

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as implicações da radiação na saúde dos profissionais que utilizam o arco cirúrgico na prática diária. Neste estudo foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Para seleção das publicações foram considerados como critérios de inclusão estar disponível em formato completo, publicado nos últimos cinco anos (2018-2022), escritas em língua portuguesa e inglesa. E como critérios de exclusão foram considerados estar foram do tema de pesquisa, ser revisão de literatura e repetido na base de dados. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram considerados como meio de validade metodológica. Concluiu-se a partir desse estudo que apesar de baixos níveis de radiação emitidos por arco cirúrgico, os riscos ainda são significativos, verificando-se a necessidade de conscientização dos profissionais de saúde sobre a proteção necessária para mitigação das implicações, principalmente, entre os menos experientes.&nbsp

A social and ecological assessment of tropical land uses at multiple scales: the Sustainable Amazon Network

Science has a critical role to play in guiding more sustainable development trajectories. Here, we present the Sustainable Amazon Network (Rede Amazonia Sustentavel, RAS): a multidisciplinary research initiative involving more than 30 partner organizations working to assess both social and ecological dimensions of land-use sustainability in eastern Brazilian Amazonia. The research approach adopted by RAS offers three advantages for addressing land-use sustainability problems: (i) the collection of synchronized and co-located ecological and socioeconomic data across broad gradients of past and present human use; (ii) a nested sampling design to aid comparison of ecological and socioeconomic conditions associated with different land uses across local, landscape and regional scales; and (iii) a strong engagement with a wide variety of actors and non-research institutions. Here, we elaborate on these key features, and identify the ways in which RAS can help in highlighting those problems in most urgent need of attention, and in guiding improvements in land-use sustainability in Amazonia and elsewhere in the tropics. We also discuss some of the practical lessons, limitations and realities faced during the development of the RAS initiative so far.Keywords: Social–ecological systems, Tropical forests, Land use, Interdisciplinary research, Sustainability, Trade-off

Horizontal Stratification of the Sand Fly Fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a Transitional Vegetation between Caatinga and Tropical Rain Forest, State of Bahia, Brazil

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2016-07-07T17:19:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf: 782743 bytes, checksum: 503328b23d4fcb496bbfe9ad8af76ae4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2016-07-07T17:27:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf: 782743 bytes, checksum: 503328b23d4fcb496bbfe9ad8af76ae4 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T17:27:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf: 782743 bytes, checksum: 503328b23d4fcb496bbfe9ad8af76ae4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-08T18:41:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf.txt: 23367 bytes, checksum: 3281c7c82e353002758d5c2d03ea612e (MD5) Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf: 782743 bytes, checksum: 503328b23d4fcb496bbfe9ad8af76ae4 (MD5) license.txt: 2991 bytes, checksum: 5a560609d32a3863062d77ff32785d58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003Fundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Parasitologia e Entomologia. Salvador, BA, BrasilUniversidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Biologia. Departamento de Botânica. Salvador, BA, BrasilFundação Gonçalo Moniz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Laboratório de Parasitologia e Entomologia. Salvador, BA, BrasilA study about the horizontal stratification of the sand fly fauna in two distinct ecosystems, caatinga area, endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, and the tropical rain forest area, endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis, was performed in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Lutzomyia longipalpis was predominant in the caatinga, and following it came the species L. capixaba and L. oswaldoi. In the tropical rain forest other species were found, such as L. intermedia, L. migonei, L. whitmani, L. yuilli, L.fischeri, L. damascenoi, L. evandroi, L. monticola, and L. lenti. It was found that the geographical limits of the vector species of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are clearly defined by the biological and phytogeographic characteristics

Laboratório de Parasitologia e Entomologia, Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz-Fiocruz, 40295-001 Salvador, BA, Brasil.

Submitted by Ana Maria Fiscina Sampaio ([email protected]) on 2012-03-28T21:21:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf: 782743 bytes, checksum: 503328b23d4fcb496bbfe9ad8af76ae4 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2012-03-28T21:21:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dias-Lima AG Horizontal Stratification of the....pdf: 782743 bytes, checksum: 503328b23d4fcb496bbfe9ad8af76ae4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Universidade Federal da Bahia. Instituto de Biologia. Salvador, BA, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz. Salvador, BA, Brasil.A study about the horizontal stratification of the sand fly fauna in two distinct ecosystems, caatinga area, endemic for visceral leishmaniasis, and the tropical rain forest area, endemic for cutaneous leishmaniasis, was performed in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Lutzomyia longipalpis was predominant in the caatinga, and following it came the species L. capixaba and L. oswaldoi. In the tropical rain forest other species were found, such as L. intermedia, L. migonei, L. whitmani, L. yuilli, L.fischeri, L. damascenoi, L. evandroi, L. monticola, and L. lenti. It was found that the geographical limits of the vector species of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis are clearly defined by the biological and phytogeographic characteristics

Phytochemistry Letters

p.168–170From the methanolic extract of the leaves of Peltophorum dubium Taub (Leguminosae) was isolated after successive chromatographic procedures a new C-glucoside benzoic acid derivative, 3aC-glucopyranosil-4,5-dihydroxy-2-methoxy-benzoic acid. The structure of this compound was determined by 1D and 2D NMR and MS data analysis. The new compound showed moderate antioxidant activity in the assay and the auto-oxidation of b-carotene in a linolenic acid suspension method

The Use of Cinnamon Essential Oils in Aquaculture: Antibacterial, Anesthetic, Growth-Promoting, and Antioxidant Effects

Cinnamon essential oils (EOs) are widely known for their pharmaceutical properties; however, studies investigating the use of these EOs in aquaculture are scarce. The aims of this study were to evaluate the anesthetic effect of bathing silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) with Cinnamomum cassia EO (CCEO) and its nanoemulsion (NCCEO); the growth-promoting and antioxidant effects of dietary supplementation with CCEO in silver catfish; and the in vitro antibacterial effect of CCEO, NCCEO, and Cinnamomum zeylanicum EO (CZEO) against bacteria isolated from diseased silver catfish. The two cinnamon EOs showed promising antibacterial activity, which was potentiated by the nanoemulsion. CCEO showed satisfactory anesthetic activity in silver catfish, and its nanoemulsion intensified the sedative activity. Supplementation of 1.0 mL CCEO per kg of diet for 60 days increased weight, length, and weight gain when compared to the control group, evidencing the growth-promoting activity of this EO. Dietary supplementation of CCEO for 30 and 60 days also showed an antioxidant effect, as it decreased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species and increased the superoxide dismutase activity in the liver of silver catfish. Therefore, cinnamon EOs have a promising use in aquaculture