PESQUISA DE AGLUTININAS ANTI-Brucella abortus EM PEQUENOS RUMINANTES NO ABATEDOURO MUNICIPAL DE ESPERANÇA – PB

Brucellosis is an infectious disease which affects the reproductive system of several mammal species, including goat and sheep. As a zoonotic disease it can also infecct human beings. The Brucella bacterial genus comprises many variants each one having its own host preference such as the B. abortus, which is the most important in the brazilian's epidemiological scenario, since it can harm both cattle and buffalo industries due to reproductive losses. However, small ruminants can also be infected by it sporadically causing prejudice to farmers from Brazil, especially from the Northeast region where there are the biggest herds. The Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT) seeks to cease the disease out of the country. According to Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), brucellosis initial diagnosisis is held by the buffered acidified plate antigen test, detecting antibodies anti-B. abortus against the exposed antigens, if present. The current study utilized 245 samples from goat and sheep herds from the slaughterhouse of Esperança - Paraíba. All the samples were negative to the test. Nonetheless, there is a lack of sufficient data about brucellosis epidemiology in small ruminants in Brazil, making such studies important to brazilian’s welfare.A brucelose é uma enfermidade que acomete o sistema reprodutivo de diversos mamíferos, inclusive caprinos e ovinos e, como zoonose, também os seres humanos. De etiologia bacteriana, o gênero Brucella possui diversas variantes, cuja infecções são específicas para cada espécie animal, sendo a B. abortus a de maior importância epidemiológica em território brasileiro, causando perdas reprodutivas e, consequentemente, econômicas aos rebanhos bovinos e bubalinos. Apesar disto, pequenos ruminantes podem ser infectados por B. abortus esporadicamente, comprometendo a caprino-ovinocultura, uma importante fonte de renda de agricultores brasileiros, especialmente da região nordeste, a qual concentra maior parte do rebanho nacional. Para tanto, o Programa Nacional de Controle e Erradicação da Brucelose e Tuberculose (PNCEBT) visa acabar com a enfermidade no Brasil. De acordo com o Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento (MAPA), a prova de soroaglutinação rápida ou teste do Antígeno Acidificado Tamponado (AAT) é utilizada para diagnóstico inicial da brucelose, detectando-se no soro anticorpos anti-B. abortus reagentes ao antígeno exposto, caso a amostra seja positiva. No presente estudo, foram utilizadas 245 amostras de soro de rebanhos caprinos e ovinos do abatedouro municipal de Esperança - Paraíba para a prova do AAT. Todas as amostras foram não reagentes ao teste. No entanto, o status epidemiológico mormente à brucelose é escasso no setor da caprino-ovinocultura nacional, sendo os estudos soroepidemiológicos os auxiliadores nos programas de vigilância sanitária e epidemiológica nacionais

Ruminant fat intake improves gut microbiota, serum inflammatory parameter and fatty acid profile in tissues of Wistar rats

Research Areas: Science & Technology - Other TopicsThis study tested the hypothesis that naturally and industrially produced trans-fatty acids can exert distinct efects on metabolic parameters and on gut microbiota of rats. Wistar rats were randomized into three groups according to the diet: CONT-control, with 5% soybean oil and normal amount of fat; HVF-20% of hydrogenated vegetable fat (industrial); and RUM-20% of ruminant fat (natural). After 53 days of treatment, serum biochemical markers, fatty acid composition of liver, heart and adipose tissue, histology and hepatic oxidative parameters, as well as gut microbiota composition were evaluated. HVF diet intake reduced triglycerides (≈ 39.39%) and VLDL levels (≈ 39.49%). Transfatty acids levels in all tissue were higher in HVF group. However, RUM diet intake elevated amounts of anti-infammatory cytokine IL-10 (≈ 14.7%) compared to CONT, but not to HVF. Furthermore, RUM intake led to higher concentrations of stearic acid and conjugated linoleic acid in all tissue; this particular diet was associated with a hepatoprotective efect. The microbial gut communities were signifcantly diferent among the groups. Our results show that ruminant fat reversed the hepatic steatosis normally caused by high fat diets, which may be related to the remodelling of the gut microbiota and its anti-infammatory potential.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data