7,604 research outputs found
Reduced Density Matrix Approach to Phononic Dissipation in Friction
Understanding mechanisms for energy dissipation from nanoparticles in contact
with large samples is a central problem in describing friction microscopically.
Calculation of the reduced density matrix appears to be the most suitable metho
to study such systems that are coupled to a large environment. In this paper
the time evolution of the reduced density matrix has been evaluated for an
arbitrary system coupled to a heat reservoir. The formalism is then applied to
study the vibrational relaxation following the stick-slip motion of a small
adsorbate on a surface. The frequency dependence of the relaxation time is also
determined.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures (included), revte
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Introduction: Urban revolutions in the age of global urbanism
This special issue, papers presented at an Urban Studies Foundation-funded conference in Jakarta (March 2011), examines the current ‘urban century’ in terms of three revolutions. Revolutions from above index the logics and norms of mainstream global urbanism, particularly the form they have taken as policymakers work with municipal officials worldwide to organise urban development around neoliberal norms. Revolutions from below refer to the multifaceted contestations of global urbanism that take place in and around cities, ranging from urban street demonstrations and occupations (such as those riveting the world in early 2011 when these papers were written) to the quotidian actions of those pursuing politics and livelihoods that subvert the norms of mainstream global urbanism. It also highlights conceptual revolutions, referencing the ongoing challenge of reconceptualising urban theory from the South – not simply as a hemispheric location or geopolitical category but an epistemological stance, staged from many different locations but always fraught with the differentials of power and the weight of historical geographies. Drawing on the insights of scholars writing from, and not just about, such locations, a further iteration in this ‘southern’ turn of urban theorising is proposed. This spatio-temporal conjunctural approach emphasises how the specificity of cities – their existence as entities that are at once singular and universal – emerges from spatio-temporal dynamics, connectivities and horizontal and vertical relations. Practically, such scholarship entails taking the field seriously through collaborative work that is multi-sited, engages people along the spectrum of academics and activists, and is presented before and scrutinised by multiple publics
Pseudoscalar-scalar transition form factors in covariant light front dynamics
In an explicitly covariant light-front formalism, we analyze transition form
factors between pseudoscalar and scalar mesons. Application is performed in
case of the transition in the full available transfer momentum
range .Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures. Talk given at the XXXIII International Conference
on High Energy Physics, ICHEP06, Moscow, 26 July-02 Augus
A sub-product construction of Poincare-Einstein metrics
Given any two Einstein (pseudo-)metrics, with scalar curvatures suitably
related, we give an explicit construction of a Poincar\'e-Einstein
(pseudo-)metric with conformal infinity the conformal class of the product of
the initial metrics. We show that these metrics are equivalent to ambient
metrics for the given conformal structure. The ambient metrics have holonomy
that agrees with the conformal holonomy. In the generic case the ambient metric
arises directly as a product of the metric cones over the original Einstein
spaces. In general the conformal infinity of the Poincare metrics we construct
is not Einstein, and so this describes a class of non-conformally Einstein
metrics for which the (Fefferman-Graham) obstruction tensor vanishes.Comment: 23 pages Minor correction to section 5. References update
Form factors in B->f0(980) and D->f0(980) transitions from dispersion relations
Within the dispersion relation approach we give the double spectral
representation for space-like and time-like B-> f_0(980) and D-> f_0(980)
transition form factors in the full q^2 range. The spectral densities, being
the input of the dispersion relations, are obtained from a triangle diagram in
the relativistic quark model.Comment: Talk given at MESON 2006, Krakow, 9-13 June 200
Spontaneous edge currents for the Dirac equation in two space dimensions
Spontaneous edge currents are known to occur in systems of two space
dimensions in a strong magnetic field. The latter creates chirality and
determines the direction of the currents. Here we show that an analogous effect
occurs in a field-free situation when time reversal symmetry is broken by the
mass term of the Dirac equation in two space dimensions. On a half plane, one
sees explicitly that the strength of the edge current is proportional to the
difference between the chemical potentials at the edge and in the bulk, so that
the effect is analogous to the Hall effect, but with an internal potential. The
edge conductivity differs from the bulk (Hall) conductivity on the whole plane.
This results from the dependence of the edge conductivity on the choice of a
selfadjoint extension of the Dirac Hamiltonian. The invariance of the edge
conductivity with respect to small perturbations is studied in this example by
topological techniques.Comment: 10 pages; final versio
The Scalar Meson f0(980) in Heavy-Meson Decays
A phenomenological analysis of the scalar meson f0(980) is performed that
relies on the quasi-two body decays D and Ds -> f0(980)P, with P=pi, K. The
two-body branching ratios are deduced from experimental data on D or Ds -> pi
pi pi, K Kbar pi and from the f0(980) -> pi+ pi- and f0(980) -> K+ K- branching
fractions. Within a covariant quark model, the scalar form factors F0(q2) for
the transitions D and Ds -> f0(980) are computed. The weak D decay amplitudes,
in which these form factors enter, are obtained in the naive factorization
approach assuming a quark-antiquark state for the scalar and pseudoscalar
mesons. They allow to extract information on the f0(980) wave function in terms
of u-ubar, d-dbar and s-sbar pairs as well as on the mixing angle between the
strange and non-strange components. The weak transition form factors are
modeled by the one-loop triangular diagram using two different relativistic
approaches: covariant light-front dynamics and dispersion relations. We use the
information found on the f0(980) structure to evaluate the scalar and vector
form factors in the transitions D and Ds -> f0(980), as well as to make
predictions for B and Bs -> f0(980), for the entire kinematically allowed
momentum range of q2.Comment: 45 pages, 9 figures and 9 tables. The use of dispersion relations to
calculate the weak transition form factors is better justified. A more
extensive discussion on the strange and non-strange flavor content mixing is
introduced. Results unchanged. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.
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