Resíduos odontológicos, saúde pública e impacto ambiental

No contexto atual as questões ambientais são de extrema importância para a manutenção da vida no planeta. Assim, a situação dos resíduos produzidos por serviços de saúde se torna ainda mais grave devido a seu grau de contaminação e necessidade de tratamento especial. Desta forma, há necessidade de conscientização, dado o fato de que a maioria dos profi ssionais e encarregados do manejo desses resíduos desconhecem as normas de biossegurançaou não as põem em prática quando do correto acondicionamento do lixo. Aliado a isto, fatores como a inexistência ou a não implementação de aterros sanitários com valas específi cas para deposição desses resíduos põem em risco a saúde pública. Apesar da existência de leis que regulamentam o assunto como a RDC 306/2004 ANVISA e Resolução 358/2005 CONAMA que regem o Gerenciamento de Resíduos, a ação dos órgãos incumbidos da fi scalização e autuação ainda é precária

SANIDADE DE SEMENTES DE GIRASSOL PROVENIENTES DE TRÊS MUNICÍPIOS DO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO

The increasing importance of sunflower leads to studies on seed pathogen, to guarantee crop sanity and to provide identification of pathogens in new areas. Genotypes seeds lots produced in Embrapa Soja assays carried out in tree cities of the State of Maranhão, Brazil (Balsas, São Luís and Timon) were analyzed, with the objective of evaluating sanitary quality of sunflower seeds. Sanitary analysis was performed by blotter test method and identification of fungi genera was based on morphological features. The occurrence of Fusarium sp., Alternaria spp., Curvularia sp., Dreschelera sp., Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Phoma sp., Trichoderma sp., Botrytis sp., Rhizoctonia sp., Rhizopus sp., Colletotrichum sp., Chaetomium sp., Cladosporium sp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was observed in seeds of sunflower, with variable incidences

Enteric viruses in HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children with diarrheal diseases in Brazil

Submitted by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-02-12T15:23:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Sandra Infurna ([email protected]) on 2018-02-12T15:34:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-12T15:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 marise_miagostovich_etal_IOC_2017.pdf: 2240909 bytes, checksum: e2949425400d04112ba26e666462f386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escritório regionao Piauí. Teresina, PI, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Hospital Municipal Jesus. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Laboratório de Virologia Comparada e Ambiental. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.Diarrheal diseases (DD) have distinct etiological profiles in immune-deficient and immunecompetent patients. This study compares detection rates, genotype distribution and viral loads of different enteric viral agents in HIV-1 seropositive (n = 200) and HIV-1 seronegative (n = 125) children hospitalized with DD in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Except for group A rotavirus (RVA), which were detected through enzyme immunoassay, the other enteric viruses (norovirus [NoV], astrovirus [HAstV], adenovirus [HAdV] and bocavirus [HBoV]) were detected through PCR or RT-PCR. A quantitative PCR was performed for RVA, NoV, HAstV, HAdV and HBoV. Infections with NoV (19% vs. 9.6%; p<0.001), HBoV (14% vs. 7.2%; p = 0.042) and HAdV (30.5% vs. 14.4%; p<0.001) were significantly more frequent among HIV-1 seropositive children. RVA was significantly less frequent among HIV-1 seropositive patients (6.5% vs. 20%; p<0.001). Similarly, frequency of infection with HAstV was lower among HIV-1 seropositive children (5.5% vs. 12.8%; p = 0.018). Among HIV-1 seropositive children 33 (16.5%) had co-infections, including three enteric viruses, such as NoV, HBoV and HAdV (n = 2) and NoV, HAstV and HAdV (n = 2). The frequency of infection with more than one virus was 17 (13.6%) in the HIV-1 negative group, triple infection (NoV + HAstV + HBoV) being observed in only one patient. The median viral load of HAstV in feces was significantly higher among HIV-1 positive children compared to HIV-1 negative children. Concerning children infected with RVA, NoV, HBoV and HAdV, no statistically significant differences were observed in the medians of viral loads in feces, comparing HIV-1 seropositive and HIV-1 seronegative children. Similar detection rates were observed for RVA, HAstV and HAdV, whilst NoV and HBoV were significantly more prevalent among children with CD4+ T lymphocyte count below 200 cells/mm3. Enteric viruses should be considered an important cause of DD in HIV-1 seropositive children, along with pathogens more classically associated with intestinal infections in immunocompromised hosts

Enteric virus detection in HIV-1 seropositive children and HIV-1 seronegative children hospitalized with diarrheal diseases by age group in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

<p>Enteric virus detection in HIV-1 seropositive children and HIV-1 seronegative children hospitalized with diarrheal diseases by age group in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p

Fecal viral loads of enteric viruses in HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative children hospitalizaded with diarrheal diseases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

<p>Fecal viral loads of enteric viruses in HIV-1 seropositive and seronegative children hospitalizaded with diarrheal diseases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p

Detection of multiple enteric viruses in fecal samples from 123 HIV-1 seropositive children (n = 200 fecal samples) and 125 HIV-1 seronegative children ((n = 125 fecal samples) hospitalized with diarrheal diseases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

<p>Detection of multiple enteric viruses in fecal samples from 123 HIV-1 seropositive children (n = 200 fecal samples) and 125 HIV-1 seronegative children ((n = 125 fecal samples) hospitalized with diarrheal diseases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p

Rate of detection and fecal viral load of different enteric virus in fecal samples obtained from HIV-1 seropositive children by level of CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

<p>Rate of detection and fecal viral load of different enteric virus in fecal samples obtained from HIV-1 seropositive children by level of CD4⁺ T lymphocyte count in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.</p

Oligonucleotide primers and probes used for viral detection, quantification and molecular characterization.

<p>Oligonucleotide primers and probes used for viral detection, quantification and molecular characterization.</p