Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes acometidos por acidente vascular encefálico cadastrados na estratégia de saúde da família em Diamantina, MG

O acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) pode reduzir a capacidade de realizar tarefas funcionais, limitar a independência e a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. O trabalho apresentou dois objetivos: identificar o perfil epidemiológico dos sujeitos com hemiplegia no município de Diamantina, MG, e implementar uma ação conjunta entre a universidade e as autoridades locais para atendê-los. Dos 82 pacientes cadastrados nas unidades de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF), 51 foram contatados em seus domicílios e entrevistados usando roteiro semi-estruturado. A média de idade foi 67,8 e o tempo de AVE, de 6,7 anos; 50% eram analfabetos e 41,2% mantinham-se com 1 salário mínimo por mês. Dentre os fatores de risco anteriores ao episódio de AVE, foram relatados dieta inadequada, inatividade física, tabagismo, etilismo e histórico de AVE paterno e/ou materno. Na época da pesquisa, 78,4% eram hipertensos; e 35,3% nunca tinham feito fisioterapia após o AVE. Assim, são propostas: inserção de fisioterapeutas nas unidades ESF, mudanças no modo de vida dos indivíduos, bem como melhorias ou modificações nas estratégias de políticas de saúde na região estudada.Stroke can bring limitations to functional task performance, thus reducing patients' independence and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to draw the epidemiological profile of hemiparetic, stroke survivors in the city of Diamantina, MG, and to foster a joint program of action by the university and local public health service, in order to attend to these subjects. From 82 subjects registered at the Health Family Strategy units (HFS), 51 were contacted and interviewed, by using a semi-structured questionnaire. Their mean age was 67.8 years old, and time since onset of stroke, 6.7 years; 50% were illiterate and 41.2% lived on one monthly minimum wage. Reported risk factors prior to the stroke were unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, alcoholism, smoking, and family history of stroke (father or mother). At the time of the study 78.73% had high blood pressure and 35.29% had never undergone physiotherapy treatment after the stroke episode. Hence, inclusion of physical therapists in HFS, changes in subjects' lifestyle, and improvement or changes in local health policies are imperative

Prediction equation of peak oxygen uptake for the modified shuttle test in healthy adolescents

Given the gap in the literature regarding the peakof oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for adolescents of bothsexes, this study aimed to propose an equation to predict theVO2peak in healthy adolescents using the Modified ShuttleTest (MST). This is a cross-sectional study with 84 healthyadolescents between 12 and 18 years old, female and male.The MST is an external paced test, in which the speedincreases at each minute. Two MST were performed withat least 30 minutes of rest between them. The test with thelongest walked distance was considered for analysis. VO2wasdirectly monitored by an open circuit spirometry. Mean agewas 14.67±1.82 and the walked distance was 864.86±263.48m.Variables included in the prediction equation were walkeddistance and sex, explaining the VO2peak variability of 53% during MST performance. The prediction equation for VO2 peak with the MST was: predicted VO2 peak=18.274+(0.18×Distance Walked, meters)+(7.733×Sex); R2=0.53 and p<0.0001 (sex: 0 for girls, 1 for boys). This MST equation, proposed to predict VO2 peak in healthy adolescents of both sexes, can be used as a reference to assess exercise capacity in healthy adolescents and to investigate cardiopulmonary function in adolescents with reduced functional capacity.Dada una laguna en la literatura con respecto a laecuación para predecir el consumo máximo de oxígeno (VO2) enadolescentes de ambos sexos, el objetivo de este estudio es proponeruna ecuación para predecir el VO2máximo en adolescentes sanosusando el shuttle test modificado (MST). Se trata de un estudiotransversal, realizado con 84 adolescentes sanos con edades entre12 y 18 años, de ambos sexos. El MST es una prueba de campo dictadapor una señal sonora que indica el aumento de velocidad cadaminuto. Se realizaron dos MST con al menos 30 minutos de descansoentre ellos. Para el análisis se consideró la prueba con mayor distanciarecorrida. El monitoreo del VO2fue realizado directamente porespirometría de circuito abierto. La edad media fue de 14,67±1,82 años;y la distancia recorrida, de 864,86±263,48m. Las variables incluidasen la ecuación de predicción fueron la distancia recorrida y el sexo,que explicaron el 53% de la variabilidad del VO2máximo durante larealización del MST. La ecuación de referencia para el VO2máximopredicho con el MST fue VO2máximo previsto=18,274+(0,18×Distanciarecorrida, en metros)+(7,733×Sexo); R2=0,53 y p<0,0001 (sexo:0 para chicas, 1 para chicos). La ecuación MST propuesta parapredecir el VO2 máximo en adolescentes sanos de ambos sexospuede utilizarse como una referencia para evaluar la capacidadde ejercicio en adolescentes sanos y para investigar la funcióncardiopulmonar en adolescentes con capacidad funcional reducidaDada a lacuna na literatura quanto à equação de predição do pico de consumo de oxigênio (VO2 ) para adolescentes de ambos os sexos, o objetivo deste estudo é propor uma equação para predizer o VO2 pico em adolescentes saudáveis utilizando o shuttle test modificado (MST). Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com 84 adolescentes saudáveis entre 12 e 18 anos, do sexo feminino e masculino. O MST é um teste de campo ditado por um sinal sonoro que indica o aumento da velocidade a cada minuto. Dois MSTs foram realizados com pelo menos 30 minutos de descanso entre eles. O teste com a maior distância percorrida foi o considerado para análise. O VO2 foi monitorado diretamente por uma espirometria de circuito aberto. A média de idade foi de 14,67±1,82 anos, e a de distância percorrida foi de 864,86±263,48m. As variáveis 2 incluídas na equação de predição foram distância percorrida e sexo, que explicaram 53% da variabilidade do VO2 pico durante a realização do MST. A equação de referência para o VO2 pico previsto com o MST foi VO2 pico predito=18,274+(0,18×Distância percorrida, em metros)+(7,733×Sexo); R2 =0,53 e p<0,0001 (sexo: 0 para meninas, 1 para meninos). A equação do MST proposta para predizer o VO2 pico em adolescentes saudáveis de ambos os sexos pode ser usada como referência para avaliar a capacidade de exercício em adolescentes saudáveis e investigar a função cardiopulmonar em adolescentes com capacidade funcional reduzida

Differential effects of swimming training on neuronal calcium sensor-1 expression in rat hippocampus/cortex and in object recognition memory tasks

AbstractPhysical activity has been proposed as a behavioral intervention that improves learning and memory; nevertheless, the mechanisms underlying these health benefits are still not well understood. Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 (NCS-1) is a member of a superfamily of proteins that respond to local Ca2+ changes shown to have an important role in learning and memory. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of swimming training on NCS-1 levels in the rat brain after accessing cognitive performance. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to sedentary (SG) or exercised groups (EG). The EG was subject to forced swimming activity, 30min/day, 5 days/week, during 8 weeks. Progressive load trials were performed in the first and last week in order to access the efficiency of the training. After the 8 week training protocol, memory performance was evaluated by the novel object preference and object location tasks. NCS-1 levels were measured in the cortex and hippocampus using immunoblotting. The EG performed statistically better for the spatial short-term memory (0.73±0.01) when compared to the SG (0.63±0.02; P<0.05). No statistically significant exercise-effect was observed in the novel object preference task (SG 0.65±0.02 and EG 0.68±0.02; p>0.05). In addition, chronic exercise promoted a significant increase in hippocampal NCS-1 levels (1.8±0.1) when compared to SG (1.17±0.08; P<0,05), but had no effect on cortical NCS-1 levels (SG 1.6±0.1 and EG 1.5±0.1; p>0.05). Results suggest that physical exercise would modulate the state of the neural network regarding its potential for plastic changes: physical exercise could be modulating NCS-1 in an activity dependent manner, for specific neural substrates, thus enhancing the cellular/neuronal capability for plastic changes in these areas; which, in turn, would differentially effect ORM task performance for object recognition and displacement

Tablet Use in Young Children is Associated with Advanced Fine Motor Skills

To evaluate whether frequent interactive tablet-use at preschool age is associated with improved fine motor skills and to describe tablet-use in young children. Cross-sectional study with 78 children, aged 24-42 months: group 1 with previous frequent tablet-use exposure (n = 26), group 2 without previous tablet-use exposure (n = 52). Fine motor skills were evaluated with the Bayley-III. Socioeconomic data and home environment quality were similar in both groups. Fine motor skills of group 1 were better than those of group 2 (p = 0.013). Most participating children carried out passive and active tablet activities, usually accompanied by parents, not exceeding time recommendations for young age. We observed a difference in fine motor skills in young children slightly favoring those with tablet-use experience

Prediction equation of peak oxygen uptake for the modified shuttle test in healthy adolescents

ABSTRACT Given the gap in the literature regarding the peak of oxygen consumption (VO2peak) for adolescents of both sexes, this study aimed to propose an equation to predict the VO2peak in healthy adolescents using the Modified Shuttle Test (MST). This is a cross-sectional study with 84 healthy adolescents between 12 and 18 years old, female and male. The MST is an external paced test, in which the speed increases at each minute. Two MST were performed with at least 30 minutes of rest between them. The test with the longest walked distance was considered for analysis. VO2 was directly monitored by an open circuit spirometry. Mean age was 14.67±1.82 and the walked distance was 864.86±263.48m. Variables included in the prediction equation were walked distance and sex, explaining the VO2peak variability of 53% during MST performance. The prediction equation for VO2peak with the MST was: predicted VO2peak=18.274+(0.18×Distance Walked, meters)+(7.733×Sex); R2=0.53 and p<0.0001 (sex: 0 for girls, 1 for boys). This MST equation, proposed to predict VO2peak in healthy adolescents of both sexes, can be used as a reference to assess exercise capacity in healthy adolescents and to investigate cardiopulmonary function in adolescents with reduced functional capacity