Esquetes teatrais como ferramenta did?tica para o ensino de evolu??o nos anos finais do ensino fundamental

O presente artigo consiste em um relato de experi?ncia de projeto desenvolvido com estudantes do 9? ano do Ensino Fundamental II da Escola Municipal de Ensino B?sico Reunida Padre Tavares, na cidade de Tavares- PB, e tem por objetivo discutir o ensino de Evolu??o atrav?s do debate entre ci?ncia e religi?o utilizando esquetes teatrais como metodologia ativa com intuito de facilitar a compreens?o e abordagem dessa tem?tica em sala de aula, tendo em vista que a mesma ? considerada um grande desafio a ser trabalhado devido a m?ltiplos fatores. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em tr?s etapas: aula expositivo-dialogada, na qual foi introduzida o conte?do de evolu??o; montagem dos esquetes teatrais, onde os discentes, em grupo, criaram o roteiro de seus esquetes por meio de um passo a passo criado para auxili?-los; e apresenta??o dos esquetes, onde os alunos apresentaram para pr?pria turma o seu trabalho. Posteriormente foi debatido um artigo sobre Evolu??o e Criacionismo. Os resultados obtidos foram advindos das observa??es feitas no desenvolvimento de cada etapa e mostram que o uso de esquetes teatrais como metodologia de ensino torna o conte?do mais atrativo e faz do/a aluno/a protagonista na busca do seu pr?prio conhecimento, al?m de facilitar a abordagem da tem?tica, o que faz dessa metodologia ativa uma ferramenta positiva de ensino e aprendizagem

Esquetes teatrais como ferramenta did?tica para o ensino de evolu??o nos anos finais do ensino fundamental

O presente artigo consiste em um relato de experi?ncia de projeto desenvolvido com estudantes do 9? ano do Ensino Fundamental II da Escola Municipal de Ensino B?sico Reunida Padre Tavares, na cidade de Tavares- PB, e tem por objetivo discutir o ensino de Evolu??o atrav?s do debate entre ci?ncia e religi?o utilizando esquetes teatrais como metodologia ativa com intuito de facilitar a compreens?o e abordagem dessa tem?tica em sala de aula, tendo em vista que a mesma ? considerada um grande desafio a ser trabalhado devido a m?ltiplos fatores. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em tr?s etapas: aula expositivo-dialogada, na qual foi introduzida o conte?do de evolu??o; montagem dos esquetes teatrais, onde os discentes, em grupo, criaram o roteiro de seus esquetes por meio de um passo a passo criado para auxili?-los; e apresenta??o dos esquetes, onde os alunos apresentaram para pr?pria turma o seu trabalho. Posteriormente foi debatido um artigo sobre Evolu??o e Criacionismo. Os resultados obtidos foram advindos das observa??es feitas no desenvolvimento de cada etapa e mostram que o uso de esquetes teatrais como metodologia de ensino torna o conte?do mais atrativo e faz do/a aluno/a protagonista na busca do seu pr?prio conhecimento, al?m de facilitar a abordagem da tem?tica, o que faz dessa metodologia ativa uma ferramenta positiva de ensino e aprendizagem

Rationale, design and methodology for Intraventricular Pressure Gradients Study: a novel approach for ventricular filling assessment in normal and falling hearts

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Intraventricular pressure gradients have been described between the base and the apex of the left ventricle during early diastolic ventricular filling, as well as, their increase after systolic and diastolic function improvement. Although, systolic gradients have also been observed, data are lacking on their magnitude and modulation during cardiac dysfunction. Furthermore, we know that segmental dysfunction interferes with the normal sequence of regional contraction and might be expected to alter the physiological intraventricular pressure gradients. The study hypothesis is that systolic and diastolic gradients, a marker of normal left ventricular function, may be related to physiological asynchrony between basal and apical myocardial segments and they can be attenuated, lost entirely, or even reversed when ventricular filling/emptying is impaired by regional acute ischemia or severe aortic stenosis.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p><it>Animal Studies: </it>Six rabbits will be completely instrumented to measuring apex to outflow-tract pressure gradient and apical and basal myocardial segments lengthening changes at basal, afterloaded and ischemic conditions. Afterload increase will be performed by abruptly narrowing or occluding the ascending aorta during the diastole and myocardial ischemia will be induced by left coronary artery ligation, after the first diagonal branch.</p> <p><it>Patient Studies: </it>Patients between 65-80 years old (n = 12), both genders, with severe aortic stenosis referred for aortic valve replacement will be selected as eligible subjects. A high-fidelity pressure-volume catheter will be positioned through the ascending aorta across the aortic valve to measure apical and outflow-tract pressure before and after aortic valve replacement with a bioprosthesis. Peak and average intraventricular pressure gradients will be recorded as apical minus outflow-tract pressure and calculated during all diastolic and systolic phases of cardiac cycle.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>We expect to validate the application of our method to obtain intraventricular pressure gradients in animals and patients and to promote a methodology to better understand the ventricular relaxation and filling and their correlation with systolic function.</p

Impact of hyperglycemia on morbidity and mortality, length of hospitalization and rates of re-hospitalization in a general hospital setting in Brazil

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients is known to be related to a higher incidence of clinical and surgical complications and poorer outcomes. Adequate glycemic control and earlier diagnosis of type 2 diabetes during hospitalization are cost-effective measures.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This prospective cohort study was designed to determine the impact of hyperglycemia on morbidity and mortality in a general hospital setting during a 3-month period by reviewing patients' records. The primary purposes of this trial were to verify that hyperglycemia was diagnosed properly and sufficiently early and that it was managed during the hospital stay; we also aimed to evaluate the relationship between in-hospital hyperglycemia control and outcomes such as complications during the hospital stay, extent of hospitalization, frequency of re-hospitalization, death rates and number of days in the ICU (Intensive Care Unit) after admission. Statistical analyses utilized the Kruskall-Wallis complemented by the "a posteriori" d.m.s. test, Spearman correlation and Chi-squared test, with a level of significance of 5% (p < 0.05).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We reviewed 779 patient records that fulfilled inclusion criteria. The patients were divided into 5 groups: group (1) diabetic with normal glycemic levels according to American Diabetes Association criteria for in-hospital patients (n = 123); group (2) diabetics with hyperglycemia (n = 76); group (3) non-diabetics with hyperglycemia (n = 225); group (4)diabetics and non-diabetics with persistent hyperglycemia during 3 consecutive days (n = 57) and group (5) those with normal glucose control (n = 298). Compared to patients in groups 1 and 5, patients in groups 2, 3 and 4 had significantly higher mortality rates (17.7% vs. 2.8%) and Intensive Care Unit admissions with complications (23.3% vs. 4.5%). Patients in group 4 had the longest hospitalizations (mean 15.5 days), and group 5 had the lowest re-hospitalization rate (mean of 1.28 hospitalizations). Only 184 (51.4%) hyperglycemic patients had received treatment. An insulin "sliding-scale" alone was the most frequent treatment used, and there was a wide variation in glucose target medical prescriptions. Intra Venous insulin infusion was used in 3.8% of patients in the ICU. Glycohemoglobin(A1C) was measured in 11 patients(2.2%).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Hospital hyperglycemia was correlated with, among other parameters, morbidity/mortality, length of hospitalization and number of re-hospitalizations. Most patients did not have their glycemic levels measured at the hospital; despite the high number of hyperglycemic patients not diagnosed as diabetics, A1C was not frequently measured. Even when patients are assessed for hyperglycemia, they were not treated properly.</p

Uso de nanobast?es de ouro para o desenvolvimento de aulas pr?ticas de nanotecnologia.

Use of gold nanoparticles functionalization experiment was conducted in a biotechnology summer course at UFOP as a model for the introduction of the laboratory practice in nanotechnology for postgraduate courses in the areas of chemistry and biotechnology. The gold nanorods were synthesized by the seed method and then, functionalized with anti-IL-6 antibodies using the reagents EDAC/NHS and polyethyleneimine (PEI). This nanocompound was tested against the binding with the specific antigen (IL-6) and changes in the longitudinal plasmon absorption spectrum showed the coupling efficiency, which was also verified by the decrease in zeta potential. The experiment was satisfactory, with a positive feedback from participants, and could be implemented in nanotechnology practical classes from postgraduate courses, as a way for improve education in the emergent area of nanobiotechnology

Analysis of user Interaction with a brain-computer interface based on steady-state visually evoked potentials : case study of a game.

This paper presents a systematic analysis of a game controlled by a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) based on Steady-State Visually Evoked Potentials (SSVEP).The objective is to understand BCI systems from the Human-Computer Interface (HCI) point of view, by observing how the users interact with the game and evaluating how the interface elements influence the system performance. The interactions of 30 volunteers with our computer game, named ?Get Coins,? through a BCI based on SSVEP, have generated a database of brain signals and the corresponding responses to a questionnaire about various perceptual parameters, such as visual stimulation, acoustic feedback, background music, visual contrast, and visual fatigue. Each one of the volunteers played one match using the keyboard and four matches using the BCI, for comparison. In all matches using the BCI, the volunteers achieved the goals of the game. Eight of them achieved a perfect score in at least one of the four matches, showing the feasibility of the direct communication between the brain and the computer. Despite this successful experiment, adaptations and improvements should be implemented to make this innovative technology accessible to the end user