Ultrasound Guided Intravenous Access in the Emergency Department

One-quarter of all emergency department visits in the United States results in peripheral intravenous line (PIV) placement for parenteral fluid administration (Fields, Piela, Au and Ku, 2014). When PIV access is delayed, critical care measures are also delayed. Meyer et al. (2014), reports the first attempt PIV access failure rate is approximately 25%. In the critically ill patient, timely PIV access may be the difference between survival and death. Difficult venous access is present in approximately one in ten ED patients requiring PIV access (Fields et al., 2014). The purpose of this scholarly project is to implement a quality improvement project regarding ultrasound guided peripheral intravenous line (USGPIV) access for difficult PIV in the rural hospital setting. The goal of this project ultimately giving the local nurses options and increased confidence when presented with difficult access patients and confidence in using USGPIV

Palmer Memorial Institute: Riches, Ruin, and Restoration

Undergraduate Textual or Investigativ

Has The ‘War On Terror’ Put Due Process On The Stand? Why The ECJ's Approach In Kadi II Should Be Used Across The Atlantic

The European Court of Justice (ECJ) struck a balance between due process rights and national security in the Kadi II case. Applying the ECJ’s analysis to a case recently decided by the D.C. District Court – the Zaidan case – illustrates that a more rights-protective approach can be attained in US courts too. First, this article will explore due process in Europe via the four different versions of the Kadi case. Then, it will take an in-depth look at the Zaidan case. The article concludes by arguing that the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals should adopt a stance on due process similar to that taken by the ECJ in the Kadi II case – which served to uphold the rule of law in Europe by making the actions of public officials reviewable before EU courts in the counter-terrorism context. By exercising a more ‘muscular’ attitude towards the other branches of government’s counter-terrorism measures, the US judiciary might use this case to start a new line of precedent distinct from prior US cases with respect to US citizens’ constitutional rights in the post 9/11 counter-terrorism paradigm.The European Court of Justice (ECJ) struck a balance between due process rights and national security in the Kadi II case. Applying the ECJ’s analysis to a case recently decided by the D.C. District Court – the Zaidan case – illustrates that a more rights-protective approach can be attained in US courts too. First, this article will explore due process in Europe via the four different versions of the Kadi case. Then, it will take an in-depth look at the Zaidan case. The article concludes by arguing that the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals should adopt a stance on due process similar to that taken by the ECJ in the Kadi II case – which served to uphold the rule of law in Europe by making the actions of public officials reviewable before EU courts in the counter-terrorism context. By exercising a more ‘muscular’ attitude towards the other branches of government’s counter-terrorism measures, the US judiciary might use this case to start a new line of precedent distinct from prior US cases with respect to US citizens’ constitutional rights in the post 9/11 counter-terrorism paradigm

All that Glitters Isn't: Gold Mining, Sustainable Development, and the Loulo Mine

This article contributes to this discussion in three ways. First, it undertakes the first academic case study of the Loulo mine in Mali. Utilizing a variety of sources, including United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Filings, Canadian National Instrument 43-101 filings relating to Mineral Disclosure in Canada, annual and quarterly company reports, non-governmental organization (NGO) and human rights reports, and other secondary literature, this article presents a broad overview of the Loulo mine. In doing so, it challenges the corporate narrative that the Loulo mine has been a laudable contributor to sustainable development in Mali.This article contributes to this discussion in three ways. First, it undertakes the first academic case study of the Loulo mine in Mali. Utilizing a variety of sources, including United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Filings, Canadian National Instrument 43-101 filings relating to Mineral Disclosure in Canada, annual and quarterly company reports, non-governmental organization (NGO) and human rights reports, and other secondary literature, this article presents a broad overview of the Loulo mine. In doing so, it challenges the corporate narrative that the Loulo mine has been a laudable contributor to sustainable development in Mali

SEGRO and its Aftermath: Between Economic Freedoms, Property Rights and the 'Essence of the Rule of Law'

The Court of Justice of the European Union’s (CJEU, Court) SEGRO judgment is more than just a recent addition to the debate on the so-called rule of law crisis in the European Union. As this case note shows, SEGRO touches on the most fundamental aspects of the European Union and its relation to the Member States. From an economic perspective, the Court in SEGRO’s treatment of property rights and the ability of economic actors to rely on their lawfully concluded contracts forms the undercurrent of economic investment in the Union. From a functional perspective, the case is perhaps indicative of a wider change in the role of the Court with respect to national courts’ margin of discretion. From a normative perspective, SEGRO gives rise to an important discussion on the difference between fundamental rights and economic freedoms in the EU since the entering into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, as well as ‘constitutional homogeneity’ in the EU after Hungary’s legislative reforms. Finally, from an evolutionary perspective, SEGRO marks another iteration in perhaps a wider shift in the trajectory of the Court with respect to questions that menace the integrity of the functioning of the European Union. This case note first examines the background (I) and facts of the case (II). Then it analyses the Opinion of the Advocate General (III) and the findings of the Court (IV). It concludes with a discussion based not only on an analysis of the SEGRO case (V), but also going beyond the case by analysing the most recent jurisprudential developments concerning Hungary and the issue of the (non-respect) of the Rule of Law in the European Union(VI).The Court of Justice of the European Union’s (CJEU, Court) SEGRO judgment is more than just a recent addition to the debate on the so-called rule of law crisis in the European Union. As this case note shows, SEGRO touches on the most fundamental aspects of the European Union and its relation to the Member States. From an economic perspective, the Court in SEGRO’s treatment of property rights and the ability of economic actors to rely on their lawfully concluded contracts forms the undercurrent of economic investment in the Union. From a functional perspective, the case is perhaps indicative of a wider change in the role of the Court with respect to national courts’ margin of discretion. From a normative perspective, SEGRO gives rise to an important discussion on the difference between fundamental rights and economic freedoms in the EU since the entering into force of the Lisbon Treaty in 2009, as well as ‘constitutional homogeneity’ in the EU after Hungary’s legislative reforms. Finally, from an evolutionary perspective, SEGRO marks another iteration in perhaps a wider shift in the trajectory of the Court with respect to questions that menace the integrity of the functioning of the European Union. This case note first examines the background (I) and facts of the case (II). Then it analyses the Opinion of the Advocate General (III) and the findings of the Court (IV). It concludes with a discussion based not only on an analysis of the SEGRO case (V), but also going beyond the case by analysing the most recent jurisprudential developments concerning Hungary and the issue of the (non-respect) of the Rule of Law in the European Union(VI)

Investigation of Nuclear Acoustic Resonance for the Nondestructive Determination of Residual Stress

Nuclear acoustic resonance has been studied in cylindrical specimens of polycrystalline aluminum deformed in compression and tension. The acoustic absorption lineshape is found\u27 to be asymmetric and dependent on the amount of deformation. Analysis of the signals in terms of an admixture of the real and imaginary parts of the nuclear susceptibility has been performed. The linewidth measured from the experimental signals varies with deformation exhibiting a minimum between twelve and fifteen percent strain

An Experimental System for Beta and Gamma Ray Spectroscopy

A nucleus may be left in an excited state following a radioactive decay or nuclear bombardment process. However the lifetime of a nucleus in an excited state is usually very short (1) and the nucleus may undergo and electromagnetic transition to a less excited state. The transition from one nuclear state to another of lower energy can proceed by any on the three processes: gamma ray emission; internal conversion; and internal pair creation. The resulting nuclear state may be stable or further electromagnetic transitions and radioactive decay processes may follow. Important information concerning nuclear properties can be obtained from experimental observations of the aforementioned nuclear electromagnetic transitions and particles emitted during any accompanying radioactive decay process. (see more in text