11 research outputs found
Comparison of the effect of pharmacotherapy and neuro-feedback therapy on oral health of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic and progressive mental disorder related to the childhood period. This study aims to compare the oral health of two groups of ADHD children: those under pharmacotherapy and those under neuro-feedback therapy. 72 ADHD children (aged 6?12) were divided into two 36 member groups: The pharmacotherapy group and the neuro-feedback therapy group. Unstimulated salivary flow (USF), DMFT, and plaque index were assessed in these children. Statistical analysis was carried out on the data with the independent t-test, which was performed using SPSS 16. The significance level of the study was p<0.05. In this study, the USF of ADHD children who used Ritalin was found to be significantly less than that of the neuro-feedback group (1.25 ± 1.21 vs. 1.91 ± 1.16 ml/min; p=0.002). Also, the plaque index (5.9 ± 3.1 vs. 3.94 ± 1.9; p=0.018) and DMFT scores (39% ± 9% vs. 31% ± 9%; p=0.018) were significantly higher for the pharmacotherapy group. Neuro-feedback therapy is preferable to Ritalin treatment for ADHD children in terms of their oral health status
Laser-Casein phosphopeptide effect on remineralization of early enamel lesions in primary teeth
Background: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Nd:YAG laser irradiation following casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) application on calcium and phosphate concentration and
surface microhardness (SMH) of enamel surface in artificial white spot lesions of primary teeth.
Material and Methods: Eighty teeth with artificial white spot lesions were randomly divided into four groups:
(A) distilled and deionized water, (B) Nd:YAG laser, (C) CPP-ACP crème, & (D) CPP-ACP plus laser. SMH was
measured using Vickers diamond indenter in Vickers Hardness Number (VHN). Two samples of each group were
analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results were analyzed with the SPSS 17/win.
Results: The subjects of group D demonstrated a significant increase in the calcium and phosphate contents of
enamel surface compared to those of groups A (
P
< 0.001,
P
< 0.001), B (
P
< 0.001,
P
< 0.001) and C (
P
= 0.024,
P
= 0.04), respectively. A statistically significant difference was seen for mean VHN between groups A and B (
P
=
0.002). SEM evaluations confirmed the results.
Conclusions: The combination of Nd:YAG laser and CPP-ACP crème could be recommended as an effective preventive modality for remineralizing of white spot lesions in primary teeth
A study of Knowledge, Attitude and Self-Assessment of Residents on Evidence-Based Dentistry at Faculty of Dentistry of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
Introduction: Evidence-based dentistry is the combination of individual clinical experiences withthe highest-quality evidence available as the result of systematic studies.Evidence-based dentistryis an approach in which the clinician uses the best evidence available to make the most appropriatedecision for the patient. In this descriptive study, the knowledge, attitude and self-assessment ofTabriz dental school residents were examined on evidence-based dentistry in the academic year2014-2015. Methods: All residents of Tabriz Dentistry Faculty (100 in total) were enrolled in the study.Thedata collection tool was a questionnaire, and the validity of the questionnaire was determined inprevious studies. To determine the reliability of the questionnaire, it was distributed among the20 residents ina pilot study. Descriptive statistical methods were used to study the data obtained.Chi-square, t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess the relationship between variablesusing SPSS 20. Results: The results showed that the level of residents’ knowledge on evidence-based dentistrywas moderate and 94.4% of residents had a positive attitude toward EBD. The highest and lowestself-assessments were related to the terms PubMed and Cochrane Collaboration (CI=29.27-30.73,CI=42.06-43.32 CI=28.69-31.09with 95%confidence interval), respectively. Conclusion: Given the increasing importance of evidence-based dentistry and considering themoderate knowledge of the residents on the topic, a need is felt for proper planning to teach itat Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Considering dentists’ positive attitude toward EBD, Itseems that there is an appropriate background for EBD education in the countr
The Impact of Child Dental Caries and the Associated Factors on Child and Family Quality of Life
Introduction. Dental caries are considered as common health hazards and a serious lifelong threat to general health and quality of life. The present study aimed at identifying the impact of child dental caries and the associated factors on both child and family quality of life (QoL). Material and Methods. In this cross-sectional study, preschool children were selected randomly through clustered sampling from five educational districts in Tabriz, Iran, 2016. To assess the QoL related to oral health, the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was used. Clinical oral examination was performed to assess the presence of caries through the index of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft). Descriptive and analytic statistical methods were used. To assess the underlying predictors of ECOHIS as a whole scale and the dimensions as a linear regression model were used as univariate and multivariate. Results: Out of 756 children under 7 years old, 51.5% boys, mean (M) standard deviation (SD) of age 5.76 (0.78). About 85% of children had dental caries. The predictors of suboptimal ECOHIS related to both general and child dimensions were child age 6 year and above: r (756) = 2.43, and P≤0.001, low-socioeconomic status: r (756) = 3.36 and P<0.001 and high dmft: r (756) = 9.10 and P<0.001. The predictors of suboptimal ECOHIS related to family domain were sex (girl): r (756) = 0.39 and P=0.047; mother education (under12): r (756) = −0.92 and P<0.001; mother job (employed) as univariate: r (756) = 0.71 and P=0.002); and dmft: r (756) = −0.58 and P=0.035. Conclusion. Adverse oral health of children imposes adverse effects on the QoL of children and families. Children’s age, family socioeconomic level, presence of dental caries, child’s gender, and mother’s educational level were associated with the impact on QoL
Impact of Self-concept on Preschoolers’ Dental Anxiety and Behavior
Background and aims. Different factors affect children’s behavior during dental treatment, including psychological and behavioral characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation of self-concept on child’s anxiety and be-havior during dental treatment in 4 to 6-year-old children.
Materials and methods. A total of 235 preschoolers aged 4 to 6 years were included in this descriptive analytic study. Total self-concept score for each child was assessed according to Primary Self-concept Scale before dental treatment. Child’s anxiety and child’s behavior were assessed, during the restoration of mandibular primary molar, using clinical anxi-ety rating scale and Frankl Scale, respectively. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation be-tween the total self-concept score with the results of clinical anxiety rating scale and Frankl Scale.
Results. There was a moderate inverse correlation between the self-concept and clinical anxiety rating scale scores (r = −0.545, P < 0.001), and a moderate correlation between the self-concept and child’s behavior scores (r = 0.491, P < 0.001). A strong inverse relation was also found between the anxiety and behavior scores (r = −0.91, P < 0.001).
Conclusion. Children with higher self-concept had lower anxiety level and better behavioral feedback during dental treat-ment
Simvastatin versus Calcium Hydroxide Direct Pulp Capping of Human Primary Molars: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Background and aims. The aim of present study was to investigate pulp-dentin complex reactions following direct
pulp capping (DPC) with calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and simvastatin as pulp-capping materials in the primary human
molars.
Materials and methods. 120 primary molar teeth which had to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly
allocated into four groups. Group Ι as a control, underwent DPC with calcium hydroxide. The dental pulp in group ІІ, ІІІ
and ІV were directly capped with simvastatin-based materials at concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 µM, respectively. All of the
teeth were restored with stainless steel crown. After a mean period of 7.41 months teeth were extracted and processed for
histological examination and categorized in terms of hard tissue formation and pulp inflammation.
Results. Teeth in group I had statistically favorable outcomes in hard tissue formation and pulp inflammation than did the
groups ІІ, ІІІ and ІV (P < 0.001). Considering three different concentrations of simvastatin, the result showed a dose dependent
trend. Teeth in group ІV showed significantly lower rates of hard tissue formation and higher rates of pulp inflammation
and necrosis compared to those of groups ІІ (P < 0.05).
Conclusion. The findings of this study depicted that healing with no inflammation and hard tissue formation following
statin treatment occurs with a lower rate than that with the calcium hydroxide
Early occurrence of childhood dental caries among low literate families
Abstract Objective The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the oral health status and influencing factors in preschool children in Tabriz, Iran. A total of 756 children from 20% of the total district preschools were selected using a two-step random sampling procedure. Questionnaires were used to collect demographic and socio-economic data. Oral exams were conducted by a single pediatric dentist to assess the children’s oral health, and to determine the number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) according to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition of caries. Results Out of 756 preschool children, 51.5% boys with mean age of years 5.76 (SD = 0.78) were enrolled. The median (25th–75th Pertcentile) of dmft index in boys and girls was 4 (2–9) and 5 (2–8), respectively. Only 15.1% children had decay-free teeth. The results of univariate analysis showed a significant relationship between dmft index and child age (P < 0.001), mother’s years of education (P = 0.001), mother’s employment status (P < 0.001), and family socio-economic status (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, statistical significance was found in sex (P = 0.007), age groups except for 5 years (P = 0.210), mother’s education status (P < 0.001) as well as in families with intermediate (P = 0.024), and high (P = 0.072) socio-economic status
Class III Restoration of Anterior Primary Teeth: In Vitro Retention Comparison of Conventional, Modified and Air-abrasion Treated Preparations
Background and aims. Anterior esthetic restoration is challenging in pediatric dentistry, due to limited durability and
poor retention of the restoration.This study assessed the effect of air abrasion on tensile failure load of composite class III
restorations using different preparation techniques.
Materials and methods. 100 extracted human anterior primary teeth were divided, based on the preparation methods,
into four groups each consisting of 25 subjects : conventional (A), labial surface bevel (B), conventional + air abrasion (C),
and labial surface bevel + air abrasion (D). After restoring cavities, tensile failure load of samples was measured in Newton
by Universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm per minute. The data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and
Mann Whitney U tests using SPSS software.
Results. There were statistically significant differences between groups A and C (P = 0.003), groups A and B (P < 0.001),
groups A and D (P < 0.001), groups B and C (P = 0.028), groups B and D (P = 0.027), and also groups C and D (P < 0.001).
Group D demonstrated the highest mean tensile failure load.
Conclusion. Labial surface bevel treated by air abrasion showed significantly more retention of composite restoration
MOESM1 of Early occurrence of childhood dental caries among low literate families
Additional file 1. STROBE checklist form