Bulk and edge quasihole tunneling amplitudes in the Laughlin state

The tunneling between the Laughlin state and its quasihole excitations are studied by using the Jack polynomial. We find a universal analytical formula for the tunneling amplitude, which can describe both bulk and edge quasihole excitations. The asymptotic behavior of the tunneling amplitude reveals the difference and the crossover between bulk and edge states. The effects of the realistic coulomb interaction with a background-charge confinement potential and disorder are also discussed. The stability of the tunneling amplitude manifests the topological nature of fractional quantum Hall liquids.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure

The reflection and self-assessment of student interpreters through logbooks : a case study

The aims of the current study are threefold. The first aim is to investigate how writing reflective journals may facilitate student interpreters’ learning process in becoming more reflective and in assessing their own interpreting performance. The second aim is to investigate the relationship between self-assessment and reflection. The third aim is to explore how different scaffolding tools may have influenced the development of students’ reflective thinking and their approach to self-assessment. Initially, educational theories, theoretical constructs on reflection and learner self-assessment were reviewed to examine the concepts of reflection and self-assessment in the context of interpreter training. Empirical studies on the functions of reflective journals and on self-assessment, particularly those carried out in the field of interpreting were explored to help the researcher design the theoretical framework. As a case study, logbooks were collected from students taking introductory interpreting courses in a translator and interpreter training institute in a British university. The main method adopted for the analysis of the logbooks collected was thematic analysis. The themes which emerged from the data enabled the researcher to explain how writing reflective journals can shape student interpreters’ learning process and how scaffolding tools used in the study influence students’ self-assessment and reflection. The study found that the student interpreters in this case study focused more on self-assessment of their interpretation performance in their logbooks. However, this study also found evidence showing that writing logbooks have indeed helped students to become more reflective. The scaffolding tools provided, according to the result of this case study, appear to have significant influence to help some participants to move beyond reflecting on individual learning experience and to think about the learning experience from a long-term perspective

Influence Of Nitrogen Sources On Growth Profile And Their Kinetic Studies In Newly Isolated Acidophilic Microalgae, Coccomyxa Dispar And Scenedesmus Parvus

Biojisim mikroalga merupakan bahan mentah yang diperbaharui sesuai sebagai tenaga baharu pada masa depan. Walaubagaimanapun, penghasilan biojisim yang rendah tetap menjadi cabaran yang harus dikuasai dan beberapa faktor telah dikenalpasti untuk meningkatkan penghasilan biojisim. Nitrogen yang merupakan makronutrien menjadi unsur yang penting untuk dikaji kerana nitrogen yang sesuai dapat mengubah tapak jalan metabolik mikroalga dan seterusnya meningkatkan penghasilan biojisim

Revisiting the Role of TGFβ Receptor Internalization for Smad Signaling: It is Not Required in Optogenetic TGFβ Signaling Systems

Endocytosis is an important process by which many signaling receptors reach their intracellular effectors. Accumulating evidence suggests that internalized receptors play critical roles in triggering cellular signaling, including transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling. Despite intensive studies on the TGFβ pathway over the last decades, the necessity of TGFβ receptor endocytosis for downstream TGFβ signaling responses is a subject of debate. In this study, mathematical modeling and synthetic biology approaches are combined to re-evaluate whether TGFβ receptor internalization is indispensable for inducing Smad signaling. It is found that optogenetic systems with plasma membrane-tethered TGFβ receptors can induce fast and sustained Smad2 activation upon light stimulations. Modeling analysis suggests that endocytosis is precluded for the membrane-anchored optogenetic TGFβ receptors. Therefore, this study provides new evidence to support that TGFβ receptor internalization is not required for Smad2 activation