4,974 research outputs found
The revelation of the Triune God in the theologies of John Calvin and Karl Barth.
SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:DX185702 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
Layer-switching cost and optimality in information spreading on multiplex networks
We study a model of information spreading on multiplex networks, in which
agents interact through multiple interaction channels (layers), say online vs.\
offline communication layers, subject to layer-switching cost for transmissions
across different interaction layers. The model is characterized by the
layer-wise path-dependent transmissibility over a contact, that is dynamically
determined dependently on both incoming and outgoing transmission layers. We
formulate an analytical framework to deal with such path-dependent
transmissibility and demonstrate the nontrivial interplay between the
multiplexity and spreading dynamics, including optimality. It is shown that the
epidemic threshold and prevalence respond to the layer-switching cost
non-monotonically and that the optimal conditions can change in abrupt
non-analytic ways, depending also on the densities of network layers and the
type of seed infections. Our results elucidate the essential role of
multiplexity that its explicit consideration should be crucial for realistic
modeling and prediction of spreading phenomena on multiplex social networks in
an era of ever-diversifying social interaction layers.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figure
Tau functions as Widom constants
We define a tau function for a generic Riemann-Hilbert problem posed on a
union of non-intersecting smooth closed curves with jump matrices analytic in
their neighborhood. The tau function depends on parameters of the jumps and is
expressed as the Fredholm determinant of an integral operator with block
integrable kernel constructed in terms of elementary parametrices. Its
logarithmic derivatives with respect to parameters are given by contour
integrals involving these parametrices and the solution of the Riemann-Hilbert
problem. In the case of one circle, the tau function coincides with Widom's
determinant arising in the asymptotics of block Toeplitz matrices. Our
construction gives the Jimbo-Miwa-Ueno tau function for Riemann-Hilbert
problems of isomonodromic origin (Painlev\'e VI, V, III, Garnier system, etc)
and the Sato-Segal-Wilson tau function for integrable hierarchies such as
Gelfand-Dickey and Drinfeld-Sokolov.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figure
Redox Modulating NRF2: A Potential Mediator of Cancer Stem Cell Resistance
Tumors contain a distinct small subpopulation of cells that possess stem cell-like characteristics. These cells have been called cancer stem cells (CSCs) and are thought to be responsible for anticancer drug resistance and tumor relapse after therapy. Emerging evidence indicates that CSCs share many properties, such as self-renewal and quiescence, with normal stem cells. In particular, CSCs and normal stem cells retain low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can contribute to stem cell maintenance and resistance to stressful tumor environments. Current literatures demonstrate that the activation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) is associated with the maintenance of low ROS levels in normal stem cells such as hematopoietic stem cells. However, the importance of ROS signaling in CSC biology remains poorly understood. Recent studies demonstrate that nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a master regulator of the cellular antioxidant defense system, is involved in the maintenance of quiescence, survival, and stress resistance of CSCs. Here, we review the recent findings on the roles of NRF2 in maintenance of the redox state and multidrug resistance in CSCs, focusing on how NRF2-mediated ROS modulation influences the growth and resistance of CSCs
Orphan nuclear receptor Nurr1 induces neuron differentiation from embryonic cortical precursor cells via an extrinsic paracrine mechanism
AbstractNurr1 is an orphan nuclear receptor-type transcription factor (TF) that plays critical roles in midbrain dopamine neuron development. This study demonstrated a novel role for Nurr1 in neuronal/astrocytic differentiation of neural precursor (NP) cells isolated from rat embryonic cortices: overexpression of this TF promoted NP cell differentiation towards neurons at the expense of astrocytic differentiation. Single cell-based lineage analyses and experiments using co-cultures revealed that Nurr1 elicited its neurogenic role in an extrinsic paracrine manner. We defined diffusible factors and downstream neurogenic TFs responsible for the Nurr1-mediated neuronal differentiation
I-gel as a first-line airway device in the emergency room for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Aim. The optimal method for advanced airway management during cardiac arrest remains controversial. Most patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in Korea are managed with a bag-valve mask by paramedics, while physicians perform advanced airway management in emergency departments (ED). Endotracheal intubation (ETI) has a risk of failure at the first attempt. By contrast, I-gel, a supraglottic airway device, is easier to insert than an endotracheal tube and shows a higher first-attempt success rate than ETI in out-of-hospital settings by paramedics in the United States. We reviewed the use of ETI and I-gel by ED physicians to assess the first attempt success rate in a hospital setting.
Methods. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with non-traumatic OHCA who were managed with either ETI using a Macintosh laryngoscope, or I-gel in the ED of Korean hospital from January 2012 to January 2014.
Results. Of 322 adult patients with non-traumatic OHCA, 160 received I-gel and 162 received ETI. The first-attempt success rate was higher in the I-gel group (96.9%) than in the ETI group (84.6%, p < 0.001). The time from arrival to obtaining advanced airway management was shorter in the I-gel group than in the ETI group.
Conclusions. I-gel showed a better first-attempt success rate and shorter insertion time compared with ETI when performed by physicians in a hospital setting
Percutaneous angioplasty at previous radial puncture site via distal radial access of anatomical snuffbox
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