23,106 research outputs found
Antipersistant Effects in the Dynamics of a Competing Population
We consider a population of agents competing for finite resources using
strategies based on two channels of signals. The model is applicable to
financial markets, ecosystems and computer networks. We find that the dynamics
of the system is determined by the correlation between the two channels. In
particular, occasional mismatches of the signals induce a series of transitions
among numerous attractors. Surprisingly, in contrast to the effects of noises
on dynamical systems normally resulting in a large number of attractors, the
number of attractors due to the mismatched signals remains finite. Both
simulations and analyses show that this can be explained by the antipersistent
nature of the dynamics. Antipersistence refers to the response of the system to
a given signal being opposite to that of the signal's previous occurrence, and
is a consequence of the competition of the agents to make minority decisions.
Thus, it is essential for stabilizing the dynamical systems.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
Reversible, Opto-Mechanically Induced Spin-Switching in a Nanoribbon-Spiropyran Hybrid Material
It has recently been shown that electronic transport in zigzag graphene
nanoribbons becomes spin-polarized upon application of an electric field across
the nanoribbon width. However, the electric fields required to experimentally
induce this magnetic state are typically large and difficult to apply in
practice. Here, using both first-principles density functional theory (DFT) and
time-dependent DFT, we show that a new spiropyran-based, mechanochromic polymer
noncovalently deposited on a nanoribbon can collectively function as a dual
opto-mechanical switch for modulating its own spin-polarization. These
calculations demonstrate that upon mechanical stress or photoabsorption, the
spiropyran chromophore isomerizes from a closed-configuration ground-state to a
zwitterionic excited-state, resulting in a large change in dipole moment that
alters the electrostatic environment of the nanoribbon. We show that the
electronic spin-distribution in the nanoribbon-spiropyran hybrid material can
be reversibly modulated via noninvasive optical and mechanical stimuli without
the need for large external electric fields. Our results suggest that the
reversible spintronic properties inherent to the nanoribbon-spiropyran material
allow the possibility of using this hybrid structure as a resettable,
molecular-logic quantum sensor where opto-mechanical stimuli are used as inputs
and the spin-polarized current induced in the nanoribbon substrate is the
measured output.Comment: Accepted by Nanoscal
Peculiar Features of the Interaction Potential between Hydrogen and Antihydrogen at Intermediate Separations
We evaluate the interaction potential between a hydrogen and an antihydrogen
using the second-order perturbation theory within the framework of the
four-body system in a separable two-body basis. We find that the H-Hbar
interaction potential possesses the peculiar features of a shallow local
minimum located around interatomic separations of r ~ 6 a.u. and a barrier
rising at r~5 a.u. Additional theoretical and experimental investigations on
the nature of these peculiar features will be of great interest.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Colloidal transport through optical tweezer arrays
Viscously damped particles driven past an evenly spaced array of potential
energy wells or barriers may become kinetically locked in to the array, or else
may escape from the array. The transition between locked-in and free-running
states has been predicted to depend sensitively on the ratio between the
particles' size and the separation between wells. This prediction is confirmed
by measurements on monodisperse colloidal spheres driven through arrays of
holographic optical traps.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Applications of tripled chaotic maps in cryptography
Security of information has become a major issue during the last decades. New
algorithms based on chaotic maps were suggested for protection of different
types of multimedia data, especially digital images and videos in this period.
However, many of them fundamentally were flawed by a lack of robustness and
security. For getting higher security and higher complexity, in the current
paper, we introduce a new kind of symmetric key block cipher algorithm that is
based on \emph{tripled chaotic maps}. In this algorithm, the utilization of two
coupling parameters, as well as the increased complexity of the cryptosystem,
make a contribution to the development of cryptosystem with higher security. In
order to increase the security of the proposed algorithm, the size of key space
and the computational complexity of the coupling parameters should be increased
as well. Both the theoretical and experimental results state that the proposed
algorithm has many capabilities such as acceptable speed and complexity in the
algorithm due to the existence of two coupling parameter and high security.
Note that the ciphertext has a flat distribution and has the same size as the
plaintext. Therefore, it is suitable for practical use in secure
communications.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figure
- …