Are Popular Observational Maternal Sensitivity Measures Consistent in their Assessment of Maternal Sensitivity in North America?

This study examined three observational maternal sensitivity measures, Emotional Availability Scales (EAS; Biringen, Robinson, & Emde, 1998; Biringen, 2008), the Parent Child Interaction Nursing Child Assessment Satellite Training Feeding Scale (NCAFS; Barnard 1978; Oxford & Findlay, 2015), Mini-Maternal Behaviour Q Sort (MBQS; Moran, Pederson & Bento, 2009), to determine the degree to which they measure sensitivity as defined by Ainsworth (Ainsworth Maternal Sensitivity Scales (AMSS); 1969). The measures were administered to the same sample of 50 diversely functional European American mother-infant dyads, including the scales and subscales of the measures that were deemed to measure sensitivity for analysis. EAS, NCAFS, and MBQS were significant predictors of Ainsworths sensitivity (AMSS); however, the role of socio-economic status varied across the measures. The findings suggest that three of the most frequently used observational maternal sensitivity measures may not measure identical features of sensitivity and should perhaps not be used interchangeably

Evolution of the Pancaking Effect in a LCDM Cosmology

We explore the evolution of the large-scale anisotropy in the velocity field caused by the gravitational pancaking effect assuming a LCDM universe. The Millennium Run halo catalogs at four different redshifts, z=0, 0.5, 1 and z=2 are analyzed to find that the pancaking effect starts to intervene the hierarchical structure formation at redshift z=2 when a characteristic pancake scale is around 3 Mpc/h. It is also clearly shown how the degree and scale of the pancaking effect changes with time. An analytic model based on the Zel'dovich approximation is presented to explain quantitatively the evolution of the velocity-pancake alignment. A cosmological implication of our finding and a possibility of detecting a signal in real universe are discussed.Comment: accepted by ApJ, 21 pages, 6 figures, discussion and error analysis improve

Thrombocytopenia with tedizolid and linezolid

Objective: Though thrombocytopenia is a known adverse effect with linezolid, the first-in class oxazolidinone antibiotic, some have suggested a lower risk of thrombocytopenia with tedizolid, the second-in-class oxazolidinone antibiotic. We sought to evaluate adverse event reports for thrombocytopenia with tedizolid and linezolid from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Methods: To assess the period since tedizolid approval, we included initial FAERS reports from July 2014 through December 2016. To evaluate historical rates with linezolid prior to tedizolid approval, we assessed AERSMine data from January 2004 through June 2014. Reporting odds ratios (ROR) and proportional reporting ratios (PRR) were calculated. Results: Of all the reported events, 0.074% (n=1,468) were thrombocytopenia. Linezolid represented 0.02% (n=408) of all events, and tedizolid represented 0.002% (n=41). The ROR for thrombocytopenia with linezolid was 37.9 (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.78-69.17) and with tedizolid was 34.0 (95% CI 4.67- 247.30). The PRR for thrombocytopenia with linezolid was 36.9 (95% CI 20.56-66.28) and with tedizolid was 33.2 (95% CI 4.79- 230.10). From 2004 through June 2014, the linezolid ROR was 12.1 (95% CI 11.19-12.96) and PRR was 11.1 (95% CI 10.38-11.87). Conclusion: We observed a significantly increased risk of thrombocytopenia of similar magnitude with both linezolid and tedizolid. Thrombocytopenia with tedizolid should be assessed with real-world comparative safety studies as more patients are treated with tedizolid

When I feel that I am better off, science seems to make the world better off too: inequality, perceived standard of living and perceptions toward science

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored that divisive views on science and technology span both the Global North and South. This study posits that an individual’s perception of their current living standard acts as a mediating factor linking income inequality to attitudes towards scientific and technological advancements. It contends that rising income disparities shape perceptions, making individuals feel their current living conditions have not surpassed those of prior generations. Consequently, such perceptions diminish the likelihood of recognizing the positive impacts of science and technology on societal progress and future prospects. This paper sheds light on how escalating inequality fosters societal rifts concerning science and technology

Painsight: An Extendable Opinion Mining Framework for Detecting Pain Points Based on Online Customer Reviews

As the e-commerce market continues to expand and online transactions proliferate, customer reviews have emerged as a critical element in shaping the purchasing decisions of prospective buyers. Previous studies have endeavored to identify key aspects of customer reviews through the development of sentiment analysis models and topic models. However, extracting specific dissatisfaction factors remains a challenging task. In this study, we delineate the pain point detection problem and propose Painsight, an unsupervised framework for automatically extracting distinct dissatisfaction factors from customer reviews without relying on ground truth labels. Painsight employs pre-trained language models to construct sentiment analysis and topic models, leveraging attribution scores derived from model gradients to extract dissatisfaction factors. Upon application of the proposed methodology to customer review data spanning five product categories, we successfully identified and categorized dissatisfaction factors within each group, as well as isolated factors for each type. Notably, Painsight outperformed benchmark methods, achieving substantial performance enhancements and exceptional results in human evaluations.Comment: WASSA at ACL 202